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Cited by 815Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchGenetics and Neurodevelopmental DisordersCellular Mechanics and Interactions

Actin in dendritic spines: connecting dynamics to function

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Hotulainen, Pirta, Hoogenraad, Casper C.·2010·Journal of Cell Biology
DOI 10.1083/jcb.201003008PMC PMC2872912
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Abstract

Dendritic spines are small actin-rich protrusions from neuronal dendrites that form the postsynaptic part of most excitatory synapses and are major sites of information processing and storage in the brain. Changes in the shape and size of dendritic spines are correlated with the strength of excitatory synaptic connections and heavily depend on remodeling of its underlying actin cytoskeleton. Emerging evidence suggests that most signaling pathways linking synaptic activity to spine morphology influence local actin dynamics. Therefore, specific mechanisms of actin regulation are integral to the formation, maturation, and plasticity of dendritic spines and to learning and memory.

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  • Actin cytoskeletal dynamics have a key role in the establishment and maintenance of dendritic arborizations and spines, and are critical for structural alterations in spine shape important for cellular forms of synaptic plasticity such as long-term potentiation and long-term depression.

    “Actin cytoskeletal dynamics have a key role in the establishment and maintenance of both dendritic arborizations and spines, and are also critical for the structural alterations in spine shape important for cellular forms of synaptic plasticity, such as long-term potentiation and long-term depression.20, 21, 22, 23”

    From The autism and schizophrenia associated gene CYFIP1 is critical for the maintenance of dendritic complexity and the stabilization of mature spines (2014) · cites this paper as [22]

    Split into 2 atoms — 1 confirmed, 1 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 0 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Alteration of dendritic spine morphology and density in response to neuronal activity is a vital component of neural plasticity.

    “Alteration of dendritic spine morphology and density in response to neuronal activity is a vital component of neural plasticity (Hotulainen and Hoogenraad, 2010).”

    From The E3 ubiquitin ligase IDOL regulates synaptic ApoER2 levels and is important for plasticity and learning (2017) · cites this paper as Hotulainen and Hoogenraad, 2010

    The Introduction’s “Dendritic spine structure and function” section says neuronal activity can alter spine morphology and links spine-head enlargement to LTP. The Introduction also links spine appearance and disappearance—which can change density—to learning and memory, but our copy does not clearly say that neuronal activity alters spine density. (LLM, conf=0.80)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • The integrin-dependent FA pathway is involved in synaptic density and activity through spine shape, stability and signalling machinery.

    “The integrin-dependent FA pathway has been subsequently involved in synaptic density and activity through spine shape, stability and signalling machinery therein [54].”

    From The new genetic landscape of Alzheimer’s disease: from amyloid cascade to genetically driven synaptic failure hypothesis? (2019) · cites this paper as [54]

    The Introduction describes actin signaling as important for dendritic spine shape, stability, and synaptic activity, and discusses proteins that regulate spine density. It does not identify an integrin-dependent focal-adhesion pathway as responsible for those effects (searched: integrin, focal adhesion), so the pathway-specific attribution is unsupported. The supplied copy has no page numbers. (LLM, conf=0.83)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Granule cells of the DG are covered by dendritic spines that are important loci of synaptic plasticity.

    “granule cells of the DG are covered by dendritic spines that are important loci of synaptic plasticity [9], [10], [11], [12].”

    From Arf4 Determines Dentate Gyrus-Mediated Pattern Separation by Regulating Dendritic Spine Development (2012) · cites this paper as [10]

    The Introduction, under “Dendritic spine structure and function” (page unavailable), says hippocampal neurons can have thousands of dendritic spines and describes their role in regulating synaptic strength. It does not specifically identify dentate gyrus granule cells as covered by spines, so the cell-specific part of the claim is unsupported by this source. (LLM, conf=0.85)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Spines contain unusually high levels of actin.

    “Indeed, spines contain unusually high levels of actin (307–309)”

    From Synaptic memory and CaMKII (2023) · cites this paper as [308]

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Hotulainen, P., & Hoogenraad, C. C.
Affiliations
  • University of Helsinki (FI)
  • Erasmus MC (NL)
Corresponding author
  • Hotulainen, Pirta
  • Hoogenraad, Casper C.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Cell Biology
Publisher
Rockefeller University Press
Published
2010-05-10
Volume
189
Issue
4
Pages
619-629
ISSN
  • 0021-9525 (ISSN-L)
  • 1540-8140
DOI
10.1083/jcb.201003008
PMC
PMC2872912
OpenAlex
W2114129553
Cited by
815
References
16
Citations by year
2026: 37 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 46 · 2020: 52 · 2019: 57 · 2018: 60 · 2017: 52 · 2016: 59 · 2015: 55 · 2014: 72 · 2013: 54 · 2012: 59
FWCI
5.27
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • The Journal of Cell Biology (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (publishedVersion)
  • EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
  • RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • European Science Foundation
  • ZonMw
  • Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
  • National Institutes of Health
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
Keywords
dendritic spines, actin cytoskeleton, actin dynamics, dendritic spine morphology, synaptic plasticity, excitatory synapses, postsynaptic density, synaptic signaling, learning and memory, spine maturation
MeSH terms
Actins, Animals, Humans, Models, Biological, Neuronal Plasticity, Synapses, Signal Transduction, Dendritic Spines

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