SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines: Status Report
Open accessAbstract
SARS-CoV-2, the causal agent of COVID-19, first emerged in late 2019 in China. It has since infected more than 870,000 individuals and caused more than 43,000 deaths globally. Here, we discuss therapeutic and prophylactic interventions for SARS-CoV-2 with a focus on vaccine development and its challenges. Vaccines are being rapidly developed but will likely come too late to affect the first wave of a potential pandemic. Nevertheless, critical lessons can be learned for the development of vaccines against rapidly emerging viruses. Importantly, SARS-CoV-2 vaccines will be essential to reducing morbidity and mortality if the virus establishes itself in the population.
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The full-length S protein, S1, and RBD of SARS-CoV-2 are capable of inducing highly potent neutralizing antibodies and T cell-mediated immunity and have been widely selected as promising targets for coronavirus vaccine development.
“The full-length S protein, S1, and RBD are capable of inducing highly potent neutralizing antibodies and T cell-mediated immunity and, therefore, have been widely selected as promising targets for coronavirus vaccine development (Amanat and Krammer, 2020).”
From A thermostable mRNA vaccine against COVID-19 (2020) · cites this paper as Amanat and Krammer, 2020
In “What Do We Know about Betacoronavirus Vaccine Design?” (page unavailable), the paper calls the S protein an ideal vaccine target and says spike-targeting antibodies can neutralize SARS-CoV-2. Its Figure 1 caption identifies the RBD as a main target of neutralizing antibodies, and “The Current Pipeline for SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines” lists multiple S-focused candidates. The copy does not establish that full-length S, S1, and RBD each induce highly potent neutralizing antibodies and T-cell-mediated immunity, or that S1 and RBD were each widely selected as vaccine targets. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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- Authors
- Amanat, F., & Krammer, F.
- Affiliations
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- Corresponding author
- Krammer, Florian
- Venue
- Immunity
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-04
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 583-589
- ISSN
- 1074-7613 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7136867
- OpenAlex
- W3013348202
- Cited by
- 1,120
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 83 · 2022: 149 · 2021: 371 · 2020: 449 · 2019: 3
- FWCI
- 12.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (am, 378 d)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-017 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-037 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-012 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-004 (stm-asf)
- Locations
- Immunity (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Keywords
- SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 pandemic, COVID-19 vaccines, vaccine development, prophylactic interventions, therapeutic interventions, emerging viruses, pandemic preparedness
- MeSH terms
- Betacoronavirus, Drug Development, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 Vaccines, Animals, China, Clinical Trials as Topic, Disease Models, Animal, Humans, Pneumonia, Viral, Time Factors, Viral Vaccines, Coronavirus, Coronavirus Infections, Pandemics
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