At what sample size do correlations stabilize?
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Study 1 sample size of approximately 250 was based on Monte Carlo simulations recommending that sample size for stable estimates of bivariate correlations.
“Based on Monte Carlo simulations, Schönbrodt and Perugini [56] recommended using a sample approaching 250 for stable estimates of bivariate correlations.”
From Power Distance Belief and Workplace Communication: The Mediating Role of Fear of Authority (2022) · cites this paper as [56]
Study 1 aimed for a sample size equal to or greater than 250 participants to obtain stable initial estimates of the associations among trait nostalgia, moral concern, and punitiveness.
“We aimed for a sample size equal to or greater than 250 participants, to obtain stable initial estimates of the associations among trait nostalgia, moral concern, and punitiveness78.”
From Nostalgia increases punitiveness by intensifying moral concern (2024) · cites this paper as [78]
Study 2 aimed for a minimum sample size of N = 250 to obtain stable estimates.
“To obtain stable estimates, we exceeded this and aimed for a minimum sample size of N = 250, as in Study 178.”
From Nostalgia increases punitiveness by intensifying moral concern (2024) · cites this paper as [78]
The Moral Foundations Questionnaire scores reflect the degree to which participants prioritize moral concerns; higher scores indicate the importance one places on being a good versus bad person.
“Taken together, these scores reflect the degree to which participants prioritize moral concerns; that is, higher scores indicate the importance one places on being a good (vs. bad) person.”
From Nostalgia increases punitiveness by intensifying moral concern (2024) · cites this paper as [78]
Excluding participants from countries represented by less than 300 participants ensured that the relations within each country were estimated with high precision.
“Finally, we excluded participants who came from countries represented by less than 300 participants, ensuring that the relations within each country were estimated with high precision (Schönbrodt & Perugini, 2013).”
From Cultural norm fulfillment, interpersonal belonging, or getting ahead? A large-scale cross-cultural test of three perspectives on the function of self-esteem. (2015) · cites this paper as Schönbrodt & Perugini, 2013
For Study 2, the sample size target was approximately 300 participants per technology, following MacCallum et al. (1999) and Schönbrodt and Perugini (2013).
“We therefore followed the recommendations of MacCallum et al. (1999) and Schönbrodt and Perugini (2013) and aimed to collect data from ~300 participants using each technology.”
From Technology evaluations are associated with psychological need satisfaction across different spheres of experience: an application of the METUX scales (2023) · cites this paper as Schönbrodt and Perugini, 2013
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- Authors
- Schönbrodt, F. D., & Perugini, M.
- Affiliations
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (DE)
- University of Milan (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Schönbrodt, Felix D.
- Venue
- Journal of Research in Personality
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-10
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 609-612
- ISSN
- 0092-6566 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2087160026
- Cited by
- 2,232
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 187 · 2025: 259 · 2024: 261 · 2023: 268 · 2022: 272 · 2021: 278 · 2020: 219 · 2019: 161 · 2018: 121 · 2017: 92 · 2016: 52 · 2015: 41 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 51.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- erratum (2018-06-01)
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Research in Personality (publishedVersion)
- BOA (University of Milano-Bicocca) (submittedVersion)
- Open access LMU (Ludwid Maxmilian's Universitat Munchen) (submittedVersion)
- OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Reliability and Agreement in Measurement
- Keywords
- sample size, sample correlation, small sample bias, effect size, confidence intervals, Monte Carlo simulation
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