Recollection, familiarity, and cortical reinstatement: a multivoxel pattern analysis
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Episodic memory retrieval is thought to involve reinstatement of the neurocognitive processes engaged when an episode was encoded. Prior fMRI studies and computational models have suggested that reinstatement is limited to instances in which specific episodic details are recollected. We used multivoxel pattern-classification analyses of fMRI data to investigate how reinstatement is associated with different memory judgments, particularly those accompanied by recollection versus a feeling of familiarity (when recollection is absent). Classifiers were trained to distinguish between brain activity patterns associated with different encoding tasks and were subsequently applied to recognition-related fMRI data to determine the degree to which patterns were reinstated. Reinstatement was evident during both recollection- and familiarity-based judgments, providing clear evidence that reinstatement is not sufficient for eliciting a recollective experience. The findings are interpreted as support for a continuous, recollection-related neural signal that has been central to recent debate over the nature of recognition memory processes.
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Resemblance between neural patterns elicited during encoding and retrieval has been shown in numerous studies using different types of stimuli.
“Firstly, resemblance between neural patterns elicited during encoding and retrieval has been shown in numerous studies using different types of stimuli (Polyn et al. 2005; Johnson et al. 2009; Buchsbaum et al. 2012; St-Laurent et al. 2014; Bird et al. 2015) over the past decade.”
From How We Transmit Memories to Other Brains: Constructing Shared Neural Representations Via Communication (2017) · cites this paper as Johnson et al. 2009
Prior studies have shown that neural patterns observed during encoding of a memory are later reinstated during recall.
“Prior studies have shown that neural patterns observed during the encoding of a memory are later reinstated during recall (Polyn et al. 2005; Johnson et al. 2009; Buchsbaum et al. 2012; St-Laurent et al. 2014; Bird et al. 2015; Chen et al. 2017).”
From How We Transmit Memories to Other Brains: Constructing Shared Neural Representations Via Communication (2017) · cites this paper as Johnson et al. 2009
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- Authors
- Johnson, J. D., McDuff, S. G. R., Rugg, M. D., & Norman, K. A.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Irvine (US)
- Princeton University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Johnson, Jeffrey D.
- Venue
- Neuron
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-09
- Volume
- 63
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 697-708
- ISSN
- 0896-6273 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2771457
- OpenAlex
- W2012565553
- Cited by
- 262
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 7.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Neuron (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Princeton University
- National Institutes of Health (5r01mh072966-11)
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01-MH072966, P50MH062196)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Keywords
- episodic memory retrieval, recollection, familiarity, reinstatement, recognition memory, memory judgments, encoding specificity
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Brain, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Reaction Time, Mental Recall, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Recognition, Psychology, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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