Cited by 804Neural dynamics and brain functionNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchMemory and Neural Mechanisms

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Working Memory 2.0

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Miller, Earl K., Lundqvist, Mikael, Bastos, André M.·2018·Neuron

DOI 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.09.023PMC PMC8112390

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Abstract

Working memory is the fundamental function by which we break free from reflexive input-output reactions to gain control over our own thoughts. It has two types of mechanisms: online maintenance of information and its volitional or executive control. Classic models proposed persistent spiking for maintenance but have not explicitly addressed executive control. We review recent theoretical and empirical studies that suggest updates and additions to the classic model. Synaptic weight changes between sparse bursts of spiking strengthen working memory maintenance. Executive control acts via interplay between network oscillations in gamma (30-100 Hz) in superficial cortical layers (layers 2 and 3) and alpha and beta (10-30 Hz) in deep cortical layers (layers 5 and 6). Deep-layer alpha and beta are associated with top-down information and inhibition. It regulates the flow of bottom-up sensory information associated with superficial layer gamma. We propose that interactions between different rhythms in distinct cortical layers underlie working memory maintenance and its volitional control.

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Authors: Miller, E. K., Lundqvist, M., & Bastos, A. M.
Affiliations: Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
Corresponding author: Miller, Earl K.
ORCID: Miller, Earl K.
Lundqvist, Mikael
Bastos, André M.
Venue: Neuron
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2018-10
Volume: 100
Issue: 2
Pages: 463-475
ISSN: 0896-6273 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.09.023
PMC: PMC8112390
OpenAlex: W2898524098
Cited by: 797
References: 165
Citations by year: 2026: 100 · 2025: 130 · 2024: 134 · 2023: 143 · 2022: 116 · 2021: 87 · 2020: 63 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 1
FWCI: 5.77
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 388 d)
Locations: Neuron (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: NIMH (R37MH087027)
ONR (MURI N00014-16-1-2832)
The Picower Fellows Program
MIT Picower Institute
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
Keywords: working memory, working memory maintenance, executive function, synaptic plasticity, gamma oscillations, alpha oscillations, beta oscillations, cortical layers, top-down control, neural oscillations
MeSH terms: Animals, Brain, Humans, Memory, Short-Term, Models, Neurological

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