The role of inflammation and microglial activation in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders

Réus, G.Z.; Fries, G.R.; Stertz, L.; Badawy, M.; Passos, I.C.; Barichello, T.; Kapczinski, F.; Quevedo, J.

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.05.018

Cited by 595Tryptophan and brain disordersNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration MechanismsStress Responses and Cortisol

The role of inflammation and microglial activation in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders

Réus, G.Z., Fries, G.R., Stertz, L., Badawy, M., Passos, I.C., Barichello, T., Kapczinski, F., Quevedo, J.·2015·Neuroscience

DOI 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.05.018

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Abstract

Psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia, affect a significant percentage of the world population. These disorders are associated with educational difficulties, decreased productivity and reduced quality of life, but their underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Recently, studies have suggested that psychiatric disorders could be considered as inflammatory disorders, even though the exact mechanisms underlying this association are not known. An increase in inflammatory response and oxidative stress may lead to inflammation, which in turn can stimulate microglia in the brain. Microglial activation is roused by the M1 phenotype, which is associated with an increase in interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). On the contrary, M2 phenotype is associated with a release of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Thus, it is possible that the inflammatory response from microglial activation can contribute to brain pathology, as well as influence treatment responses. This review will highlight the role of inflammation in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders, such as MDD, BD, schizophrenia, and autism. More specifically, the role of microglial activation and associated molecular cascades will also be discussed as a means by which these neuroinflammatory mechanisms take place, when appropriate.

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The role of p38 MAPK in valproic acid induced microglia apoptosis
Xie, N., Wang, C., Lin, Y. H., Li, H., Chen, L., Zhang, T., Sun, Y., Zhang, Y., Yin, D., & Chi, Z. (2010) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2010.07.004 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Minocycline protects against oxidative damage and alters energy metabolism parameters in the brain of rats subjected to chronic mild stress
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Relationship of cortisol levels and genetic polymorphisms to antidepressant response to placebo and fluoxetine in patients with major depressive disorder: a prospective study
Ventura-Juncá, R., Symon, A., López, P., Fiedler, J. L., Rojas, G., Heskia, C., Lara, P., Marín, F., Viviana Guajardo, T., Araya, A. V., et al. (2014) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-014-0220-0 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Microglia in the normally aged hippocampus
Choi, J. H., & Won, M. (2011) · Laboratory Animal Research · doi:10.5625/lar.2011.27.3.181 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
The impact of the P2X7 receptor antagonist A-804598 on neuroimmune and behavioral consequences of stress
Catanzaro, J. M., Hueston, C. M., Deak, M. M., & Deak, T. (2014) · Behavioural Pharmacology · doi:10.1097/fbp.0000000000000072 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Concomitant administration of fluoxetine and amantadine modulates the activity of peritoneal macrophages of rats subjected to a forced swimming test
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Lentiviral-mediated administration of IL-25 in the CNS induces alternative activation of microglia
Maiorino, C., Khorooshi, R., Ruffini, F., Løbner, M., Bergami, A., Garzetti, L., Martino, G., Owens, T., & Furlan, R. (2012) · Gene Therapy · doi:10.1038/gt.2012.58 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Disturbed sleep in bipolar disorder is related to an elevation of IL-6 in peripheral monocytes
Ritter, P. S., Kretschmer, K., Pfennig, A., & Soltmann, B. (2013) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2013.09.025 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Neuroinflammation in bipolar disorders
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Differential expression of voltage-gated Ca2+ conductances in human neuroblastoma NB69 cells cultured in defined serum-free and astrocyte-conditioned media
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Targeting the microbiota-gut-brain axis: prebiotics have anxiolytic and antidepressant-like effects and reverse the impact of chronic stress in mice
Burokas, A., Arboleya, S., Moloney, R. D., Peterson, V. L., Murphy, K., Clarke, G., Stanton, C., Dinan, T. G., & Cryan, J. F. (2017) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.12.031 · Cited by 952 · see citing works
Clinical and metabolic response to probiotic administration in patients with major depressive disorder: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Akkasheh, G., Kashani-Poor, Z., Tajabadi-Ebrahimi, M., Jafari, P., Akbari, H., Taghizadeh, M., Memarzadeh, M. R., Asemi, Z., & Esmaillzadeh, A. (2016) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.nut.2015.09.003 · Cited by 767 · see citing works
Inflammatory markers in post-traumatic stress disorder: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression
Passos, I. C., Vasconcelos-Moreno, M. P., Costa, L. G., Kunz, M., Brietzke, E., Quevedo, J., Salum, G., Magalhães, P. V., Kapczinski, F., & Kauer-Sant'Anna, M. (2015) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(15)00309-0 · Cited by 743 · see citing works
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Stress and neuroinflammation: a systematic review of the effects of stress on microglia and the implications for mental illness
Calcia, M., Bonsall, D. R., Bloomfield, P. S., Selvaraj, S., Barichello, T., & Howes, O. D. (2016) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-016-4218-9 · Cited by 710 · see citing works
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Neuroinflammation and Depression: Microglia Activation, Extracellular Microvesicles and microRNA Dysregulation
Brites, D., & Fernandes, A. (2015) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2015.00476 · Cited by 599 · see citing works
“In addition, minocycline, which is a suppressor of activated microglia, has been shown to exert protective effects by reducing microglial activation, oxidative stress and inflammation (Réus et al., 2015).”
Background
Inflammation, glutamate, and glia: a trio of trouble in mood disorders
Haroon, E., Miller, A. H., & Sanacora, G. (2017) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2016.199 · Cited by 584 · see citing works
Microglia in depression: an overview of microglia in the pathogenesis and treatment of depression
Wang, H., He, Y., Sun, Z., Ren, S., Liu, M., Wang, G., & Yang, J. (2022) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-022-02492-0 · Cited by 591 · see citing works
Deficient autophagy in microglia impairs synaptic pruning and causes social behavioral defects
Kim, H.-J., Cho, M.-H., Shim, W. H., Kim, J. K., Jeon, E.-Y., Kim, D.-H., & Yoon, S.-Y. (2017) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2016.103 · Cited by 475 · see citing works
Bidirectional Microglia–Neuron Communication in Health and Disease
Szepesi, Z., Manouchehrian, O., Bachiller, S., & Deierborg, T. (2018) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2018.00323 · Cited by 459 · see citing works
Depression and chronic pain in the elderly: links and management challenges
Zis, P., Daskalaki, A., Bountouni, I., Sykioti, P., Varrassi, G., & Paladini, A. (2017) · Clinical Interventions in Aging · doi:10.2147/cia.s113576 · Cited by 458 · see citing works
Inflammation and post‐traumatic stress disorder
Hori, H., & Kim, Y. (2019) · Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences · doi:10.1111/pcn.12820 · Cited by 416 · see citing works
Postmortem evidence of cerebral inflammation in schizophrenia: a systematic review
Trépanier, M. O., Hopperton, K. E., Mizrahi, R., Mechawar, N., & Bazinet, R. P. (2016) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2016.90 · Cited by 360 · see citing works
Neuroinflammation as a risk factor for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Dunn, G. A., Nigg, J. T., & Sullivan, E. L. (2019) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2019.05.005 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
Antidepressive, anxiolytic, and antiaddictive effects of ayahuasca, psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD): a systematic review of clinical trials published in the last 25 years
dos Santos, R. G., Osório, F. L., Crippa, J. A. S., Riba, J., Zuardi, A. W., & Hallak, J. E. C. (2016) · Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/2045125316638008 · Cited by 306 · see citing works
Linking early-life NMDAR hypofunction and oxidative stress in schizophrenia pathogenesis
Hardingham, G. E., & Do, K. Q. (2016) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn.2015.19 · Cited by 304 · see citing works
Blood-brain barrier permeability and physical exercise
Małkiewicz, M. A., Szarmach, A., Sabisz, A., Cubała, W. J., Szurowska, E., & Winklewski, P. J. (2019) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-019-1403-x · Cited by 276 · see citing works
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids critically regulate behaviour and gut microbiota development in adolescence and adulthood
Robertson, R. C., Seira Oriach, C., Murphy, K., Moloney, G. M., Cryan, J. F., Dinan, T. G., Paul Ross, R., & Stanton, C. (2017) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2016.07.145 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Bipolar Disorder and Immune Dysfunction: Epidemiological Findings, Proposed Pathophysiology and Clinical Implications
Rosenblat, J., & McIntyre, R. (2017) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci7110144 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Pathophysiological Role of Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Psychiatric Disorders
Hong, H., Kim, B. S., & Im, H. (2016) · International Neurourology Journal · doi:10.5213/inj.1632604.302 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Classical psychedelics for the treatment of depression and anxiety: A systematic review
Muttoni, S., Ardissino, M., & John, C. (2019) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.07.076 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between peripheral inflammatory cytokines and generalised anxiety disorder
Costello, H., Gould, R. L., Abrol, E., & Howard, R. (2019) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027925 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
Gut microbiota–brain axis in depression: the role of neuroinflammation
Carlessi, A. S., Borba, L. A., Zugno, A. I., Quevedo, J., & Réus, G. Z. (2021) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.14631 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
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Biological hypotheses and biomarkers of bipolar disorder
Sigitova, E., Fišar, Z., Hroudová, J., Cikánková, T., & Raboch, J. (2016) · Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences · doi:10.1111/pcn.12476 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Aggression, Social Stress, and the Immune System in Humans and Animal Models
Takahashi, A., Flanigan, M. E., McEwen, B. S., & Russo, S. J. (2018) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00056 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Oxidative Stress‐Related Mechanisms in Schizophrenia Pathogenesis and New Treatment Perspectives
Ermakov, E. A., Dmitrieva, E. M., Parshukova, D. A., Kazantseva, D. V., Vasilieva, A. R., & Smirnova, L. P. (2021) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2021/8881770 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Microglial activation and progressive brain changes in schizophrenia
Laskaris, L., Biase, M. A. D., Everall, I., Chana, G., Christopoulos, A., Skafidas, E. S., Cropley, V., & Pantelis, C. (2015) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/bph.13364 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Stress-induced plasticity and functioning of ventral tegmental dopamine neurons
Douma, E. H., & de Kloet, E. R. (2019) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.10.015 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
The roles of inflammation and immune mechanisms in Alzheimer's disease
Eldik, L. J. V., Carrillo, M. C., Cole, P. E., Feuerbach, D., Greenberg, B., Hendrix, J. A., Kennedy, M. E., Kozauer, N., Margolin, R. A., Molinuevo, J. L., et al. (2016) · Alzheimer s & Dementia Translational Research & Clinical Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.trci.2016.05.001 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Current perspectives on gut microbiome dysbiosis and depression
Capuco, A., Urits, I., Hasoon, J., Chun, R., Gerald, B., Wang, J. K., Kassem, H., Ngo, A. L., Abd-Elsayed, A., Simopoulos, T., et al. (2020) · Advances in Therapy · doi:10.1007/s12325-020-01272-7 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Emerging PET Radiotracers and Targets for Imaging of Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Outlook Beyond TSPO
Narayanaswami, V., Dahl, K., Bernard‐Gauthier, V., Josephson, L., Cumming, P. D., & Vasdev, N. (2018) · Molecular Imaging · doi:10.1177/1536012118792317 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Areas of controversy in neuroprogression in bipolar disorder
Passos, I. C., Mwangi, B., Vieta, E., Berk, M., & Kapczinski, F. P. (2016) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.12581 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
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Pathogenetic and Therapeutic Applications of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) in Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review
Ma, K., Zhang, H., & Baloch, Z. (2016) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms17050733 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
The impact of machine learning techniques in the study of bipolar disorder: A systematic review
Librenza‐Garcia, D., Kotzian, B. J., Yang, J. M. K., Mwangi, B., Cao, B., Lima, L. N. P., Bermúdez, M. B., Boeira, M. V., Kapczinski, F. P., & Passos, I. C. (2017) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.07.004 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
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The role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids in the treatment of major depression and Alzheimer's disease: Acting separately or synergistically?
Song, C., Shieh, C., Wu, Y.-S., Kalueff, A. V., Gaikwad, S., & Su, K. (2016) · Progress in Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/j.plipres.2015.12.003 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Towards an Immunophenotype of Schizophrenia: Progress, Potential Mechanisms, and Future Directions
Miller, B. J., & Goldsmith, D. R. (2016) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2016.211 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Depressive and anxiety disorders in concert–A synthesis of findings on comorbidity in the NESDA study
ter Meulen, W. G., Draisma, S., van Hemert, A. M., Schoevers, R. A., Kupka, R., Beekman, A. T. F., & Penninx, B. W. J. H. (2021) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.02.004 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
The role of oxidative and nitrosative stress in accelerated aging and major depressive disorder
Maurya, P. K., Noto, C. D. S., Rizzo, L. B., Rios, A. C., Nunes, S. O. V., Barbosa, D. S., Sethi, S., Zeni‐Graiff, M., Mansur, R. B., Maes, M. H. J., et al. (2015) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.08.016 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Inflammation in first‐episode psychosis: The contribution of inflammatory biomarkers to the emergence of negative symptoms, a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Dunleavy, C., Elsworthy, R. J., Upthegrove, R., Wood, S. J., & Aldred, S. (2022) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.13416 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
A Review on the Role of Inflammation in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Leffa, D. T., Torres, I. L. D. S., & Rohde, L. A. (2018) · NeuroImmunoModulation · doi:10.1159/000489635 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Interplay between inflammation and neural plasticity: Both immune activation and suppression impair LTP and BDNF expression
Golia, M. T., Poggini, S., Alboni, S., Garofalo, S., Albanese, N. C., Viglione, A., Ajmone‐Cat, M. A., St-Pierre, A., Brunello, N., Limatola, C., et al. (2019) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2019.07.003 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Physical Exercise and Neuroinflammation in Major Depressive Disorder
Ignácio, Z. M., da Silva, R. S., Plissari, M. E., Quevedo, J., & Réus, G. Z. (2019) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-019-01670-1 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Self-citation
The ketone body metabolite β‐hydroxybutyrate induces an antidepression‐associated ramification of microglia via HDACs inhibition‐triggered Akt‐small RhoGTPase activation
Huang, C., Wang, P., Xu, X., Zhang, Y., Gong, Y. L., Hu, W., Gao, M., Wu, Y. H., Ling, Y., Zhao, X., et al. (2017) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.23241 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Mast Cells, Neuroinflammation and Pain in Fibromyalgia Syndrome
Theoharides, T. C., Tsilioni, I., & Bawazeer, M. A. (2019) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2019.00353 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Mechanical and Biological Interactions of Implants with the Brain and Their Impact on Implant Design
Prodanov, D., & Delbeke, J. (2016) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2016.00011 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Revisiting inflammation in bipolar disorder
Fries, G. R., Walss-Bass, C., Bauer, M. E., & Teixeira, A. L. (2019) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2018.12.006 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
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Microglial priming of antigen presentation and adaptive stimulation in Alzheimer’s disease
Das, R., & Chinnathambi, S. (2019) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-019-03132-2 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
The Role of Chemokines in the Pathophysiology of Major Depressive Disorder
Milenkovic, V. M., Stanton, E. H., Nothdurfter, C., Rupprecht, R., & Wetzel, C. H. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms20092283 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Microglia at center stage: a comprehensive review about the versatile and unique residential macrophages of the central nervous system
Lannes, N., Eppler, E., Etemad, S., Yotovski, P., & Filgueira, L. (2017) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.23106 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Neurobiology of early life adversity: A systematic review of meta-analyses towards an integrative account of its neurobiological trajectories to mental disorders
Hakamata, Y., Suzuki, Y., Kobashikawa, H., & Hori, H. (2022) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2022.100994 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Statins and Inflammation: New Therapeutic Opportunities in Psychiatry
Kim, S., Kang, H., Jhon, M., Kim, J., Lee, J., Walker, A. J., Agustini, B., Kim, J., & Berk, M. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00103 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Involvement of extrasynaptic glutamate in physiological and pathophysiological changes of neuronal excitability
Pál, B. Z. (2018) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-018-2837-5 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
HSP60 plays a regulatory role in IL-1β-induced microglial inflammation via TLR4-p38 MAPK axis
Swaroop, S., Sengupta, N., Suryawanshi, A. R., Adlakha, Y. K., & Basu, A. (2016) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-016-0486-x · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Absolute Measurements of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor and Interleukin-1-β mRNA Levels Accurately Predict Treatment Response in Depressed Patients
Cattaneo, A., Ferrari, C., Uher, R., Bocchio‐Chiavetto, L., Riva, M. A., & Pariante, C. M. (2016) · The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1093/ijnp/pyw045 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
The neuroimmunology of social-stress-induced sensitization
Biltz, R. G., Sawicki, C. M., Sheridan, J. F., & Godbout, J. P. (2022) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41590-022-01321-z · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Immune Abnormalities in Autism Spectrum Disorder—Could They Hold Promise for Causative Treatment?
Gładysz, D., Krzywdzińska, A., & Hozyasz, K. K. (2018) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-017-0822-x · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disrupted Neurogenesis in the Brain Are Associated with Cognitive Impairment and Depressive-Like Behavior after Spinal Cord Injury
Wu, J., Zhao, Z., Kumar, A., Lipinski, M. M., Loane, D. J., Stoica, B. A., & Faden, A. I. (2016) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2015.4348 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia: A review of the evidence, proposed mechanisms and implications for treatment
Mongan, D., Ramesar, M., Föcking, M., Cannon, M., & Cotter, D. (2020) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/eip.12859 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Early-Life Social Isolation-Induced Depressive-Like Behavior in Rats Results in Microglial Activation and Neuronal Histone Methylation that Are Mitigated by Minocycline
Wang, H.-T., Huang, F., Hu, Z., Zhang, W., Qiao, X., Huang, Y., Dai, R., Li, F., & Li, C.-Q. (2017) · Neurotoxicity Research · doi:10.1007/s12640-016-9696-3 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Postmortem evidence of brain inflammatory markers in bipolar disorder: a systematic review
Giridharan, V. V., Sayana, P., Pinjari, O. F., Ahmad, N., da Rosa, M. I., Quevedo, J., & Barichello, T. (2019) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-019-0448-7 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
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Increased BDNF levels after electroconvulsive therapy in patients with major depressive disorder: A meta-analysis study
Rocha, R. B., Dondossola, E. R., Grande, A. J., Colonetti, T., Ceretta, L. B., Passos, I. C., Quevedo, J., & da Rosa, M. I. (2016) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.08.004 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
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Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for understanding multiple aspects of Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis
Dhiman, K., Blennow, K., Zetterberg, H., Martins, R. N., & Gupta, V. B. (2019) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-019-03040-5 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Stress-induced microglial activation occurs through β-adrenergic receptor: noradrenaline as a key neurotransmitter in microglial activation
Sugama, S., Takenouchi, T., Hashimoto, M., Ohata, H., Takenaka, Y., & Kakinuma, Y. (2019) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-019-1632-z · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Impact of neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles on mitochondrial dysfunction, sirtuin 1 level, and synaptic deficits in Alzheimer’s disease
Li, B., Liu, J., Gu, G., Han, X., Zhang, Q., & Zhang, W. (2020) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.15001 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Neuroprotection through flavonoid: Enhancement of the glyoxalase pathway
Frandsen, J. R., & Narayanasamy, P. (2017) · Redox Biology · doi:10.1016/j.redox.2017.10.015 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Mitochondria, Microglia, and the Immune System—How Are They Linked in Affective Disorders?
Culmsee, C., Michels, S., Scheu, S., Arolt, V., Dannlowski, U., & Alferink, J. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00739 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Hippocampal volume and verbal memory performance in late-stage bipolar disorder
Cao, B., Passos, I. C., Mwangi, B., Bauer, I. E., Zunta‐Soares, G. B., Kapczinski, F. P., & Soares, J. C. (2015) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.12.012 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
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Somatic Comorbidity in Schizophrenia: Some Possible Biological Mechanisms Across the Life Span
Dieset, I., Andreassen, O. A., & Haukvik, U. K. (2016) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbw028 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Role of interleukin 8 in depression and other psychiatric disorders
Tsai, S. (2020) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110173 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Accelerating research on biological aging and mental health: Current challenges and future directions.
Han, L. K. M., Verhoeven, J. E., Tyrka, A. R., Penninx, B. W. J. H., Wolkowitz, O. M., Månsson, K. N. T., Lindqvist, D., Boks, M. P., Révész, D., Mellon, S. H., et al. (2019) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.04.004 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Anti-TNF-α Compounds as a Treatment for Depression
Uzzan, S., & Azab, A. N. (2021) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules26082368 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Cognitive effects of adjunctive N-acetyl cysteine in psychosis
Rapado‐Castro, M., Dodd, S., Bush, A. I., Malhi, G. S., Skvarc, D., On, Z. X., Berk, M., & Dean, O. M. (2016) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291716002932 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Non-linear association between composite dietary antioxidant index and depression
Zhao, L., Sun, Y., Cao, R., Wu, X., Huang, T., & Peng, W. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.988727 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Neurobiological Commonalities and Distinctions Among Three Major Psychiatric Diagnostic Categories: A Structural MRI Study
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Authors: Réus, G. Z., Fries, G. R., Stertz, L., Badawy, M., Passos, I. C., Barichello, T., Kapczinski, F., & Quevedo, J.
Affiliations: Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (BR)
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (BR)
The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (US)
Corresponding author: Réus, G.Z.
ORCID: Réus, G.Z.
Fries, G.R.
Stertz, L.
Badawy, M.
Passos, I.C.
Barichello, T.
Kapczinski, F.
Quevedo, J.
Venue: Neuroscience
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2015-08
Volume: 300
Pages: 141-154
ISSN: 0306-4522 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.05.018
OpenAlex: W297523562
Cited by: 594
References: 168
Citations by year: 2026: 30 · 2025: 42 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 42 · 2022: 69 · 2021: 69 · 2020: 55 · 2019: 76 · 2018: 56 · 2017: 46 · 2016: 58 · 2015: 17
FWCI: 3.32
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: CNPq
FAPESC
UNESC
ĹOréal/UNESCO/ABC Brazil Fellowship for Women in Science 2011
The University of Texas Medical School at Houston
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Keywords: neuroinflammation, microglial activation, mental illness, major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, M1/M2 microglial polarization, IL-1β, TNF-α, oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory cytokines, treatment response
MeSH terms: Animals, Mental Disorders, Brain, Humans, Inflammation, Microglia

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The role of inflammation and microglial activation in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders

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