MMP-9 Supplied by Bone Marrow–Derived Cells Contributes to Skin Carcinogenesis
Open accessAbstract
The matrix metalloproteinase MMP-9/gelatinase B is upregulated in angiogenic dysplasias and invasive cancers of the epidermis in a mouse model of multi-stage tumorigenesis elicited by HPV16 oncogenes. Transgenic mice lacking MMP-9 show reduced keratinocyte hyperproliferation at all neoplastic stages and a decreased incidence of invasive tumors. Yet those carcinomas that do arise in the absence of MMP-9 exhibit a greater loss of keratinocyte differentiation, indicative of a more aggressive and higher grade tumor. Notably, MMP-9 is predominantly expressed in neutrophils, macrophages, and mast cells, rather than in oncogene-positive neoplastic cells. Chimeric mice expressing MMP-9 only in cells of hematopoietic origin, produced by bone marrow transplantation, reconstitute the MMP-9-dependent contributions to squamous carcinogenesis. Thus, inflammatory cells can be coconspirators in carcinogenesis.
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Neutrophils, mast cells, eosinophils and activated T lymphocytes also contribute to malignancies by releasing extracellular proteases, pro-angiogenic factors and chemokines.
“Genetic and functional experiments indicate that neutrophils, mast cells, eosinophils and activated T lymphocytes also contribute to malignancies by releasing extracellular proteases, pro-angiogenic factors and chemokines11,23–26.”
From Inflammation and cancer (2002) · cites this paper as [25]
MMPs are produced by inflammatory cells and by stromal cells responding to chemokines and cytokines produced by inflammatory cells in tumour microenvironments.
“MMPs are produced by inflammatory cells and by stromal cells responding to chemokines and cytokines produced by inflammatory cells in tumour microenvironments25.”
From Inflammation and cancer (2002) · cites this paper as [25]
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- Authors
- Coussens, L. M., Tinkle, C. L., Hanahan, D., & Werb, Z.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Corresponding author
- Coussens, Lisa M
- Venue
- Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2000-10
- Volume
- 103
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 481-490
- ISSN
- 0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2843102
- OpenAlex
- W2071507111
- Cited by
- 1,306
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 43 · 2015: 56 · 2014: 56 · 2013: 59 · 2012: 56
- FWCI
- 23.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (CA 47632, CA72006, P01CA072006, R37-CA37395, R37CA037395, R01CA047632)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Protease and Inhibitor Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune cells in cancer
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › TGF-β signaling in diseases
- Keywords
- MMP-9, skin carcinogenesis, squamous cell carcinoma, HPV16, keratinocyte hyperproliferation, keratinocyte differentiation, inflammatory cells, neutrophils, macrophages, mast cells, bone marrow-derived cells, chimeric mice, matrix metalloproteinases, tumor microenvironment
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Bone Marrow Cells, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell, Cell Differentiation, Cell Division, Cell Transformation, Neoplastic, Disease Models, Animal, Immunohistochemistry, Inflammation, Mice, Transgenic, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Phenotype, Skin Neoplasms, X-Rays, Keratinocytes, Up-Regulation, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Bone Marrow Transplantation, Stromal Cells, Gene Deletion, In Situ Hybridization, Mice, Knockout, Disease Progression, Paracrine Communication, Matrix Metalloproteinase 9, Papillomaviridae, Mice
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