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Cited by 2,109

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Centering Decisions in Hierarchical Linear Models: Implications for Research in Organizations

Hofmann, D·1998·Journal of Management
DOI 10.1016/s0149-2063(99)80077-4
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Abstract

Organizational researchers are increasingly interested in model ing the multilevel nature of organizational data. Although most organi zational researchers have chosen to investigate these models using traditional Ordinary Least Squares approaches, hierarchical linear models (i.e., random coefficient models) recently have been receiving increased attention. One of the key questions in using hierarchical linear models is how a researcher chooses to scale the Level-1 indepen dent variables (e.g., raw metric, grand mean centering, group mean centering), because it directly influences the interpretation of both the level-1 and level-2 parameters. Several scaling options are reviewed and discussed in light of four paradigms of multilevellcross-level research in organizational science: incremental (i.e., group variables add incremental prediction to individual level outcomes over and above individual level predictors), mediational (i.e., the influence of group level variables on individual outcomes are mediated by individual perceptions), moderational (i.e., the relationship between two individ ual level variables is moderated by a group level variable), and sepa rate (i.e., separate within group and between group models). The paper concludes with modeling recommendations for each of these paradigms and discusses the importance of matching the paradigm under which one is operating to the appropriate modeling strategy.

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Metadata

Authors
Hofmann, D.
Venue
Journal of Management
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
1998
Volume
24
Issue
5
Pages
623-641
ISSN
0149-2063 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/s0149-2063(99)80077-4
OpenAlex
W4235867356
Cited by
2,109
References
2
FWCI
6.57
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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