Obesity, inflammation, and the gut microbiota

Cox, Amanda J; West, Nicholas P; Cripps, Allan W

doi:10.1016/s2213-8587(14)70134-2

Cited by 877Gut microbiota and healthAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesOral microbiology and periodontitis research

Obesity, inflammation, and the gut microbiota

Cox, Amanda J, West, Nicholas P, Cripps, Allan W·2015·The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology

DOI 10.1016/s2213-8587(14)70134-2

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Abstract

As the prevalence of obesity and associated disease continues to rise and concerns for the spiralling economic and social costs also escalate, innovative management strategies beyond primary prevention and traditional lifestyle interventions are urgently needed. The biological basis of disease is one avenue for further exploration in this context. Several key inflammatory markers have been consistently associated with both obesity and risk of adverse outcomes in obesity-associated diseases, which suggests that a persistent, low-grade, inflammatory response is a potentially modifiable risk factor. In this Review, we provide evidence supporting perturbation of the intestinal microbiota and changes in intestinal permeability as potential triggers of inflammation in obesity. Further characterisation of the mechanisms underpinning the triggers of such inflammatory responses in overweight and obese individuals could offer unique opportunities for intervention strategies to help ameliorate the risk of obesity-associated disease.

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Increased intestinal permeability from high-fat/high-sugar diets allows bacterial LPS from the gut microbiota to translocate into the systemic circulation, resulting in systemic endotoxemia.
“This body of work suggests that increased intestinal permeability from high-fat / high sugar diets allows bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an outer membrane component of gram-negative bacteria linked with induction of inflammation, from the gut microbiota to translocate into the systemic circulation, resulting in systemic endotoxemia.”
From The athletic gut microbiota (2020) · cites this paper as [68]
One leading theory on the pathogenesis of obesity emphasizes a close link between the metabolic and immune systems via the gut microbiota.
“One leading theory on the pathogenesis of obesity emphasizes a close link between the metabolic and immune systems via the gut microbiota [68].”
From The athletic gut microbiota (2020) · cites this paper as [68]

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Probiotics in the management of irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease
Whelan, K., & Quigley, E. M. M. (2013) · Current Opinion in Gastroenterology · doi:10.1097/mog.0b013e32835d7bba · Cited by 183 · see citing works
The role of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein in modulating the innate immune response
Zweigner, J., Schumann, R. R., & Weber, J. R. (2006) · Microbes and Infection · doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2005.10.006 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Regulation of Toll‐like receptor signaling pathways in innate immune responses
Qian, C., & Cao, X. (2012) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06786.x · Cited by 168 · see citing works
The G-protein-coupled receptor 40 family (GPR40–GPR43) and its role in nutrient sensing
Covington, D. K., Briscoe, C. A., Brown, A. J., & Jayawickreme, C. K. (2006) · Biochemical Society Transactions · doi:10.1042/bst0340770 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Short-chain fatty acids alter tight junction permeability in intestinal monolayer cells via lipoxygenase activation
Ohata, A., Usami, M., & Miyoshi, M. (2005) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.nut.2004.12.004 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Changes in endotoxin levels in T2DM subjects on anti-diabetic therapies
Al-Attas, O. S., Al‐Daghri, N. M., Al-Rubeaan, K. A., da Silva, N. F., Sabico, S., Kumar, S., McTernan, P. G., & Harte, A. L. (2009) · Cardiovascular Diabetology · doi:10.1186/1475-2840-8-20 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION INCREASES INTESTINAL PERMEABILITY DURING EXPERIMENTAL HUMAN ENDOTOXEMIA
Hietbrink, F., Besselink, M. G., Renooij, W., de Smet, M. D., Draisma, A., van der Hoeven, H., & Pickkers, P. (2009) · Shock · doi:10.1097/shk.0b013e3181a2bcd6 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
IC14, an Anti-CD14 Antibody, Inhibits Endotoxin-Mediated Symptoms and Inflammatory Responses in Humans
Verbon, A., Dekkers, P. E. P., ten Hove, T., Hack, C. E., Pribble, J. P., Turner, T., Souza, S., Axtelle, T., Hoek, F. J., van Deventer, S. J. H., et al. (2001) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.166.5.3599 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Mucosal innate immune cells regulate both gut homeostasis and intestinal inflammation
Kurashima, Y., Goto, Y., & Kiyono, H. (2013) · European Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1002/eji.201343782 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Subcutaneous abdominal, but not femoral fat expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is related to plasma PAI-1 levels and insulin resistance and decreases after weight loss
Mavri, A., Alessi, M., Georgelin, O., Fina, F., Sentočnik, J. T., Bastelica, D., Stegnar, M., & Juhan-Vague, I. (2001) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s001250100007 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Lipopolysaccharide‐Binding Protein Serum Levels in Patients with Severe Sepsis Due to Gram‐Positive and Fungal Infections
Blairon, L., Wittebole, X., & Laterre, P. (2003) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/346046 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
A randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled cross-over study to determine the gastrointestinal effects of consumption of arabinoxylan-oligosaccharides enriched bread in healthy volunteers
Walton, G., Lu, C., Trogh, I., Arnaut, F., & Gibson, G. R. (2012) · Nutrition Journal · doi:10.1186/1475-2891-11-36 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Long-term intake of resistant starch improves colonic mucosal integrity and reduces gut apoptosis and blood immune cells
Nofrarías, M., Martinez-Puig, D., Pujols, J., Majó, N., & Pérez, J. F. (2007) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.nut.2007.08.016 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Low-Grade Chronic Inflammation in the Relationship between Insulin Sensitivity and Cardiovascular Disease (RISC) Population
de Rooij, S. R., Nijpels, G., Nilsson, P. M., Nolan, J. J., Gabriel, R., Bobbioni-Harsch, E., Mingrone, G., Dekker, J. M., & for the Relationship Between Insulin Sensitivity and Cardiovascular Disease (RISC) Investigators (2009) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc08-1795 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Disruption of tight junctions during polymicrobial sepsis in vivo
Li, Q., Zhang, Q., Wang, C., Liu, X., Li, N., & Li, J. (2009) · The Journal of Pathology · doi:10.1002/path.2525 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Multiple Inflammatory Biomarkers in Relation to Cardiovascular Events and Mortality in the Community
Schnabel, R. B., Yin, X., Larson, M. G., Yamamoto, J. F., Fontes, J. D., Kathiresan, S., Rong, J., Levy, D. A., Keaney, J. F., Wang, T. J., et al. (2013) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.112.301174 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Increased plasma zonulin in patients with sepsis
Klaus, D. A., Motal, M. C., Burger-Klepp, U., Marschalek, C., Schmidt, E. M., Lebherz-Eichinger, D., Krenn, C. G., & Roth, G. A. (2013) · Biochemia Medica · doi:10.11613/bm.2013.013 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Association between Inflammatory and Obesity Markers in a Swiss Population-Based Sample (CoLaus Study)
Marques-Vidal, P. M., Bochud, M., Bastardot, F., Lüscher, T. F., Ferrero, F., Gaspoz, J., Paccaud, F. M., Urwyler, A., von Känel, R., Höck, C., et al. (2012) · Obesity Facts · doi:10.1159/000345045 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Probiotics for infectious diseases: more drugs, less dietary supplementation
Kotzampassi, K. E., & Giamarellos‐Bourboulis, E. J. (2012) · International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents · doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2012.06.006 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Influences of enteral nutrition combined with probiotics on gut microflora and barrier function of rats with abdominal infection
Shen, T. (2006) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v12.i27.4352 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Butyrylated starch increases colonic butyrate concentration but has limited effects on immunity in healthy physically active individuals
West, N. P., Christophersen, C. T., Pyne, D. B., Cripps, A. W., Conlon, M. A., Topping, D. L., Kang, S., McSweeney, C. S., Fricker, P. A., Aguirre, D., et al. (2026) · PubMed · doi:10.22029/eir.2013.1681 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
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Prebiotics, probiotics and digestive health
Balakrishnan, M., & Floch, M. H. (2012) · Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care · doi:10.1097/mco.0b013e328359684f · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Toll-like receptor 4 plays a role in macrophage phagocytosis during peritoneal sepsis
Anand, R., Kohler, J. W., Cavallo, J. A., Li, J., Dubowski, T. D., & Hackam, D. J. (2007) · Journal of Pediatric Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2007.01.023 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Gut Balance, a synbiotic supplement, increases fecal Lactobacillus paracasei but has little effect on immunity in healthy physically active individuals
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Increased colorectal permeability in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock
Jørgensen, V. L., Nielsen, S. L., Espersen, K., & Perner, A. (2006) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-006-0356-6 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
TLR4 influences the humoral and cellular immune response during polymicrobial sepsis
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Shedding-induced gap formation contributes to gut barrier dysfunction in endotoxemia
Lai, C., Sun, T.-L., Lo, W., Tang, Z.-H., Wu, S., Chang, Y.-J., Wu, C.-C., Yu, S.-C., Dong, C., & Chen, L.-W. (2012) · The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care · doi:10.1097/ta.0b013e3182788083 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Effect of IC14, an anti-CD14 antibody, on plasma and cell-associated chemokines during human endotoxemia.
Olszyna, D. P., Verbon, A., Pribble, J. P., Turner, T., Axtelle, T., van Deventer, S. J. H., & van der Poll, T. (2003) · PubMed · Cited by 13 · see citing works

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The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis
Cryan, J. F., O'Riordan, K. J., Cowan, C. S. M., Sandhu, K. V., Bastiaanssen, T. F. S., Boehme, M., Codagnone, M. G., Cussotto, S., Fulling, C., Golubeva, A. V., et al. (2019) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00018.2018 · Cited by 5,286 · see citing works
Gut microbiome and serum metabolome alterations in obesity and after weight-loss intervention
Liu, R., Hong, J., Xu, X., Feng, Q., Zhang, D., Gu, Y., Shi, J., Zhao, S., Liu, W., Wang, X., et al. (2017) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.4358 · Cited by 1,501 · see citing works
Does the epithelial barrier hypothesis explain the increase in allergy, autoimmunity and other chronic conditions?
Akdiş, C. A. (2021) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-021-00538-7 · Cited by 1,016 · see citing works
Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Effects of Probiotics in Gut Inflammation: A Door to the Body
Cristofori, F., Dargenio, V. N., Dargenio, C., Miniello, V. L., Barone, M., & Francavilla, R. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.578386 · Cited by 932 · see citing works
Actinobacteria: A relevant minority for the maintenance of gut homeostasis
Binda, C., Lopetuso, L. R., Rizzatti, G., Gibiino, G., Cennamo, V., & Gasbarrini, A. (2018) · Digestive and Liver Disease · doi:10.1016/j.dld.2018.02.012 · Cited by 814 · see citing works
Role of the microbiome in human development
Domínguez-Bello, M. G., Godoy‐Vitorino, F., Knight, R. D., & Blaser, M. J. (2019) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2018-317503 · Cited by 786 · see citing works
Type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults: pathogenesis, prevention and therapy
Lu, X., Xie, Q., Pan, X., Zhang, R., Zhang, X., Peng, G., Zhang, Y., Shen, S., & Tong, N. (2024) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-024-01951-9 · Cited by 787 · see citing works
Review article: dietary fibre-microbiota interactions
Simpson, H. L., & Campbell, B. J. (2015) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/apt.13248 · Cited by 602 · see citing works
Nutrition in adolescent growth and development
Norris, S. A., Frongillo, E. A., Black, M. M., Dong, Y., Fall, C. H. D., Lampl, M., Liese, A. D., Naguib, M., Prentice, A., Rochat, T., et al. (2021) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(21)01590-7 · Cited by 593 · see citing works
Childhood and Adolescent Obesity: A Review
Kansra, A. R., Lakkunarajah, S., & Jay, M. S. (2021) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2020.581461 · Cited by 522 · see citing works
The role of Gut Microbiota in the development of obesity and Diabetes
Baothman, O. A. S., Zamzami, M. A., Taher, I., Abubaker, J. A., & Abu‐Farha, M. (2016) · Lipids in Health and Disease · doi:10.1186/s12944-016-0278-4 · Cited by 493 · see citing works
Probiotics improve gut microbiota dysbiosis in obese mice fed a high-fat or high-sucrose diet
Kong, C., Gao, R., Yan, X., Huang, L., & Qin, H. (2018) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.nut.2018.10.002 · Cited by 488 · see citing works
Diet, Gut Microbiota, and Obesity: Links with Host Genetics and Epigenetics and Potential Applications
Cuevas-Sierra, A., Ramos-Lopez, O., Riezu-Boj, J. I., Milagro, F. I., & Martinez, J. A. (2019) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1093/advances/nmy078 · Cited by 523 · see citing works
The role of the gut microbiome in the healthy adult status
D’Argenio, V., & Salvatore, F. (2015) · Clinica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.cca.2015.01.003 · Cited by 396 · see citing works
Neuroimaging and neuromodulation approaches to study eating behavior and prevent and treat eating disorders and obesity
Val‐Laillet, D., Aarts, E., Weber, B., Ferrari, M., Quaresima, V., Stoeckel, L. E., Alonso‐Alonso, M., Audette, M. A., Malbert, C., & Stice, E. M. (2015) · NeuroImage Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2015.03.016 · Cited by 443 · see citing works
The Role of Probiotics and Prebiotics in the Prevention and Treatment of Obesity
Cerdó, T., García-Santos, J. A., García-Bermúdez, M., & Campoy, C. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11030635 · Cited by 420 · see citing works
The Hunger Genes: Pathways to Obesity
van der Klaauw, A. A., & Farooqi, I. S. (2015) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.03.008 · Cited by 393 · see citing works
Melatonin reprogramming of gut microbiota improves lipid dysmetabolism in high‐fat diet‐fed mice
Yin, J., Li, Y., Han, H. L., Chen, S., Gao, J., Liu, G., Wu, X., Deng, J., Yu, Q., Huang, X., et al. (2018) · Journal of Pineal Research · doi:10.1111/jpi.12524 · Cited by 384 · see citing works
The athletic gut microbiota
Mohr, A. E., Jäger, R., Carpenter, K. C., Kerksick, C. M., Purpura, M., Townsend, J. R., West, N. P., Black, K., Gleeson, M., Pyne, D. B., et al. (2020) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1186/s12970-020-00353-w · Cited by 378 · see citing works
“One leading theory on the pathogenesis of obesity emphasizes a close link between the metabolic and immune systems via the gut microbiota [68].”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Gut microbiome and its role in obesity and insulin resistance
Lee, C. J., Sears, C. L., & Maruthur, N. M. (2019) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/nyas.14107 · Cited by 350 · see citing works
Exploring the Human Microbiome: The Potential Future Role of Next-Generation Sequencing in Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
Malla, M. A., Dubey, A., Kumar, A., Yadav, S., Hashem, A., & Allah, E. F. A. (2019) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.02868 · Cited by 350 · see citing works
Understanding the Molecular Mechanisms of the Interplay Between Herbal Medicines and Gut Microbiota
Xu, J., Chen, H., & Li, S. (2017) · Medicinal Research Reviews · doi:10.1002/med.21431 · Cited by 340 · see citing works
TMAO: how gut microbiota contributes to heart failure
Zhang, Y., Wang, Y., Ke, B., & Du, J. (2020) · Translational research · doi:10.1016/j.trsl.2020.08.007 · Cited by 306 · see citing works
Nomenclature of allergic diseases and hypersensitivity reactions: Adapted to modern needs: An EAACI position paper
Jutel, M., Agache, I. O., Zemelka‐Wiącek, M., Akdiş, M., Chivato, T., Giacco, S. D., Gajdanowicz, P., Eguíluz‐Gracia, I., Klimek, L., Lauerma, A., et al. (2023) · Allergy · doi:10.1111/all.15889 · Cited by 297 · see citing works
Role of thymic stromal lymphopoietin in allergy and beyond
Ebina-Shibuya, R., & Leonard, W. J. (2023) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-022-00735-y · Cited by 289 · see citing works
Cytokine Alterations in Schizophrenia: An Updated Review
Momtazmanesh, S., Zare-Shahabadi, A., & Rezaei, N. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00892 · Cited by 277 · see citing works
Impact of Retinoic Acid on Immune Cells and Inflammatory Diseases
Oliveira, L. D. M., Teixeira, F. M. E., & Sato, M. N. (2018) · Mediators of Inflammation · doi:10.1155/2018/3067126 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Resistant starch intake facilitates weight loss in humans by reshaping the gut microbiota
Li, H., Zhang, L., Li, J., Wu, Q., Qian, L., He, J., Ni, Y., Kovatcheva‐Datchary, P., Yuan, R. R., Liu, S., et al. (2024) · Nature Metabolism · doi:10.1038/s42255-024-00988-y · Cited by 270 · see citing works
Myristoleic acid produced by enterococci reduces obesity through brown adipose tissue activation
Quan, L., Zhang, C., Dong, M., Jiang, J., Xu, H., Yan, C., Liu, X., Zhou, H., Zhang, H., Chen, L., et al. (2019) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2019-319114 · Cited by 254 · see citing works
The Microbiome of the Prostate Tumor Microenvironment
Cavarretta, I. T. R., Ferrarese, R., Cazzaniga, W., Saita, D., Lucianò, R., Ceresola, E. R., Locatelli, I., Visconti, L. M., Lavorgna, G., Briganti, A., et al. (2017) · European Urology · doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2017.03.029 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Magnesium in Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Type 2 Diabetes
Piuri, G., Zocchi, M., Porta, M. G. D., Ficara, V., Manoni, M., Zuccotti, G., Pinotti, L., Maier, J. A. M., & Cazzola, R. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13020320 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Causes and mechanisms of adipocyte enlargement and adipose expansion
Haczeyni, F., Bell-Anderson, K. S., & Farrell, G. C. (2017) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.12646 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Intestinal Barrier and Permeability in Health, Obesity and NAFLD
Portincasa, P., Bonfrate, L., Khalil, M., Angelis, M. D., Calabrese, F. M., D’Amato, M., Wang, D. Q. ‐., & Ciaula, A. D. (2021) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines10010083 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Does the microbiota play a role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases?
McLean, M. H., Dieguez, D., Miller, L. M., & Young, H. A. (2014) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2014-308514 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Gut Microbiome and Obesity: A Plausible Explanation for Obesity
Sanmiguel, C. P., Gupta, A., & Mayer, E. A. (2015) · Current Obesity Reports · doi:10.1007/s13679-015-0152-0 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Obesity is Associated with Worse Outcomes in COVID‐19: Analysis of Early Data from New York City
Hajifathalian, K., Kumar, S. R., Newberry, C. A., Shah, S. L., Fortune, B. E., Krisko, T. I., Ortiz‐Pujols, S., Zhou, X. K., Dannenberg, A. J., Kumar, R. B., et al. (2020) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.22923 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Li, N., Dai, Z., Wang, Z., Deng, Z., Zhang, J., Pu, J., Cao, W., Pan, T., Zhou, Y., Yang, Z., et al. (2021) · Respiratory Research · doi:10.1186/s12931-021-01872-z · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Microbiome-Mediated Effects of the Mediterranean Diet on Inflammation
Bailey, M. A., & Holscher, H. D. (2018) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1093/advances/nmy013 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Dietary fiber and its associations with depression and inflammation
Swann, O. G., Kilpatrick, M., Breslin, M., & Oddy, W. H. (2020) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuz072 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Endometriosis induces gut microbiota alterations in mice
Yuan, M., Li, D., Zhang, Z., Sun, H., An, M., & Wang, G. (2017) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/dex372 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Lactobacillus sakei OK67 ameliorates high-fat diet–induced blood glucose intolerance and obesity in mice by inhibiting gut microbiota lipopolysaccharide production and inducing colon tight junction protein expression
Lim, S.-M., Jeong, J.-J., Woo, K. H., Han, M. J., & Kim, D. (2015) · Nutrition Research · doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2015.12.001 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
The epithelial barrier theory and its associated diseases
Sun, N., Öğülür, İ., Mitamura, Y., Yazıcı, D., Pat, Y., Bu, X., Li, M., Zhu, X., Babayev, H., Ardıçlı, S., et al. (2024) · Allergy · doi:10.1111/all.16318 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Comparative analysis of gut microbiota associated with body mass index in a large Korean cohort
Yun, Y., Kim, H.-N., Kim, S. E., Heo, S. G., Chang, Y., Ryu, S., Shin, H., & Kim, H. (2017) · BMC Microbiology · doi:10.1186/s12866-017-1052-0 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Colonic inflammation accompanies an increase of β-catenin signaling and Lachnospiraceae/Streptococcaceae bacteria in the hind gut of high-fat diet-fed mice
Zeng, H., Ishaq, S. L., Zhao, F., & Wright, A. G. (2016) · The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2016.05.015 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities of Grifola frondosa polysaccharides and their relationships with the modulation of intestinal microflora in diabetic mice induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin
Guo, W., Deng, J., Pan, Y., Xu, J., Hong, J., Shi, F., Liu, G.-L., Qian, M., Bai, W., Zhang, W., et al. (2019) · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.253 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Energy‑dense diet triggers changes in gut microbiota, reorganization of gut‑brain vagal communication and increases body fat accumulation
C. Vaughn, A., M. Cooper, E., M. DiLorenzo, P., J. O’Loughlin, L., E. Konkel, M., H. Peters, J., Hajnal, A., Sen, T., Hye Lee, S., B. de La Serre, C., et al. (2017) · Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis · doi:10.21307/ane-2017-033 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Gut Microbiota: From Microorganisms to Metabolic Organ Influencing Obesity
Stephens, R. W., Arhire, L. I., & Covașă, M. (2018) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.22179 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Inflammatory bowel disease and immunonutrition: novel therapeutic approaches through modulation of diet and the gut microbiome
Celiberto, L. S., Graef, F. A., Healey, G. R., Bosman, E. S., Jacobson, K., Sly, L. M., & Vallance, B. A. (2018) · Immunology · doi:10.1111/imm.12939 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Changes in metabolism and microbiota after 24-week risperidone treatment in drug naïve, normal weight patients with first episode schizophrenia
Yuan, X., Zhang, P., Wang, Y., Liu, Y., Li, X., Kumar, B. U., Hei, G., Lv, L., Huang, X., Fan, X., et al. (2018) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2018.05.017 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Obesity-induces Organ and Tissue Specific Tight Junction Restructuring and Barrier Deregulation by Claudin Switching
Ahmad, R., Rah, B., Bastola, D. K., Dhawan, P., & Singh, A. B. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-04989-8 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
A dietary carbohydrate – gut Parasutterella – human fatty acid biosynthesis metabolic axis in obesity and type 2 diabetes
Henneke, L., Schlicht, K., Andreani, N. A., Hollstein, T., Demetrowitsch, T. J., Knappe, C., Hartmann, K., Jensen‐Kroll, J., Rohmann, N., Pohlschneider, D., et al. (2022) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2022.2057778 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Obesity and psychological distress
Steptoe, A., & Frank, P. (2023) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2022.0225 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Hypertension in Obesity and the Impact of Weight Loss
Cohen, J. B. (2017) · Current Cardiology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11886-017-0912-4 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Effects of probiotics (cultured Lactobacillus subtilis/Streptococcus faecium) in the treatment of alcoholic hepatitis: randomized-controlled multicenter study
Han, S. H., Suk, K. T., Kim, D. J., Kim, M. Y., Baik, S. K., Kim, Y. D., Cheon, G. J., Choi, D. H., Ham, Y. L., Shin, D. H., et al. (2015) · European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1097/meg.0000000000000458 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Diet, gut microbiota and cognition
Proctor, C., Thiennimitr, P., Chattipakorn, N., & Chattipakorn, S. C. (2017) · Metabolic Brain Disease · doi:10.1007/s11011-016-9917-8 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Bipolar Disorder: Role of Immune-Inflammatory Cytokines, Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress and Tryptophan Catabolites
Anderson, G., & Maes, M. H. J. (2015) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-014-0541-1 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Diosgenin, 4-Hydroxyisoleucine, and Fiber from Fenugreek: Mechanisms of Actions and Potential Effects on Metabolic Syndrome
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Review Obesity, infl ammation, and the gut microbiota
Cox, A. J., & West, N. P. (2015)
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Authors: Cox, A. J., West, N. P., & Cripps, A. W.
Affiliations: Griffith University (AU)
Corresponding author: Cox, Amanda J
ORCID: Cox, Amanda J
West, Nicholas P
Cripps, Allan W
Venue: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2015-03
Volume: 3
Issue: 3
Pages: 207-215
ISSN: 2213-8587 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(14)70134-2
OpenAlex: W1996175687
Cited by: 869
References: 106
Citations by year: 2026: 41 · 2025: 77 · 2024: 115 · 2023: 105 · 2022: 103 · 2021: 99 · 2020: 96 · 2019: 77 · 2018: 50 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 4
FWCI: 3.24
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Griffith Research Online (submittedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
Keywords: obesity, inflammation, gut microbiota, intestinal permeability, low-grade inflammation, obesity-related comorbidities, overweight, inflammatory markers
MeSH terms: Humans, Inflammation, Models, Biological, Obesity, Permeability, Biomarkers, Prevalence, Gastrointestinal Tract, Microbiota

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Obesity, inflammation, and the gut microbiota

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