Cited by 602Gut microbiota and healthMicrobial Metabolites in Food BiotechnologyNutritional Studies and Diet

Review article: dietary fibre-microbiota interactions

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Simpson, H. L., Campbell, B. J.·2015·Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Application of modern rapid DNA sequencing technology has transformed our understanding of the gut microbiota. Diet, in particular plant-based fibre, appears critical in influencing the composition and metabolic activity of the microbiome, determining levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) important for intestinal health. AIM: To assess current epidemiological, experimental and clinical evidence of how long-term and short-term alterations in dietary fibre intake impact on the microbiome and metabolome. METHODS: A Medline search including items 'intestinal microbiota', 'nutrition', 'diet', 'dietary fibre', 'SCFAs' and 'prebiotic effect' was performed. RESULTS: Studies found evidence of fibre-influenced differences in the microbiome and metabolome as a consequence of habitual diet, and of long-term or short-term intervention (in both animals and humans). CONCLUSIONS: Agrarian diets high in fruit/legume fibre are associated with greater microbial diversity and a predominance of Prevotella over Bacteroides. 'Western'-style diets, high in fat/sugar, low in fibre, decrease beneficial Firmicutes that metabolise dietary plant-derived polysaccharides to SCFAs and increase mucosa-associated Proteobacteria (including enteric pathogens). Short-term diets can also have major effects, particularly those exclusively animal-based, and those high-protein, low-fermentable carbohydrate/fibre 'weight-loss' diets, increasing the abundance of Bacteroides and lowering Firmicutes, with long-term adherence to such diets likely increasing risk of colonic disease. Interventions to prevent intestinal inflammation may be achieved with fermentable prebiotic fibres that enhance beneficial Bifidobacteria or with soluble fibres that block bacterial-epithelial adherence (contrabiotics). These mechanisms may explain many of the differences in microbiota associated with long-term ingestion of a diet rich in fruit and vegetable fibre.

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  • Increased intake of dietary fiber does not have an overall Bifidobacterium-increasing effect, but specific dietary fibers selectively increase Bifidobacteria abundance.

    “Increased intake of dietary fiber does not have an overall Bifidobacterium increasing effect, however, specific dietary fibers have been shown to selectively increase Bifidobacteria abundance [205].”

    From The athletic gut microbiota (2020) · cites this paper as [205]

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. [74]Martin HM, Campbell BJ, Hart CA, et al Enhanced Escherichia coli adherence and invasion in Crohn's disease and colon cancer. Gastroenterology 2004; 127: 80– 93. 15236175
  2. [111]Martin LJM, Dumon HJW, Champ MMJ. Production of short‐chain fatty acids from resistant starch in a pig model. J Sci Food Agr 1998; 77: 71– 80.

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Authors
Simpson, H. L., & Campbell, B. J.
Affiliations
University of Liverpool (GB)
Corresponding author
Campbell, B. J.
Venue
Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2015-05-24
Volume
42
Issue
2
Pages
158-179
ISSN
0269-2813 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2098149200
Cited by
602
References
126
Citations by year
2026: 31 · 2025: 53 · 2024: 76 · 2023: 73 · 2022: 57 · 2021: 61 · 2020: 68 · 2019: 63 · 2018: 39 · 2017: 41 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 2
FWCI
3.83
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/I016783/1)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
Keywords
dietary fiber, gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids, prebiotics, microbiome, metabolome, Western diet, Firmicutes, Bacteroides, Prevotella, Bifidobacterium, intestinal inflammation, colonic diseases, weight loss diet
MeSH terms
Bacillota, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Diet, Dietary Fiber, Feeding Behavior, Humans, Male, Metabolome

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