Cited by 2,750Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances researchToxic Organic Pollutants ImpactEnvironmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 10 of the 10 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Global Distribution of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate in Wildlife

Giesy, John P., Kannan, Kurunthachalam·2001·Environmental Science & Technology

DOI 10.1021/es001834k

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Here we report, for the first time, on the global distribution of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), a fluorinated organic contaminant. PFOS was measured in the tissues of wildlife, including, fish, birds, and marine mammals. Some of the species studied include bald eagles, polar bears, albatrosses, and various species of seals. Samples were collected from urbanized areas in North America, especially the Great Lakes region and coastal marine areas and rivers, and Europe. Samples were also collected from a number of more remote, less urbanized locations such as the Arctic and the North Pacific Oceans. The results demonstrated that PFOS is widespread in the environment. Concentrations of PFOS in animals from relatively more populated and industrialized regions, such as the North American Great Lakes, Baltic Sea, and Mediterranean Sea,were greaterthan those in animals from remote marine locations. Fish-eating, predatory animals such as mink and bald eagles contained concentrations of PFOS that were greater than the concentrations in their diets. This suggests that PFOS can bioaccumulate to higher trophic levels of the food chain. Currently available data indicate that the concentrations of PFOS in wildlife are less than those required to cause adverse effects in laboratory animals.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1021/es001834k

Cites

10 of 10 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Evidence that there are Two Forms of Fluoride in Human Serum
Taves, D. R. (1968) · Nature · doi:10.1038/2171050b0 · Cited by 262
Serum Perfluorooctane Sulfonate and Hepatic and Lipid Clinical Chemistry Tests in Fluorochemical Production Employees
Olsen, G. W., Burris, J. M., Mandel, J. H., & Zobel, L. R. (1999) · Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1097/00043764-199909000-00012 · Cited by 253
Inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication by perfluorinated fatty acids is dependent on the chain length of the fluorinated tail
Upham, B. L., Deocampo, N. D., Wurl, B., & Trosko, J. E. (1998) · International Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19981109)78:4 · Cited by 180
Characterization of fluorinated metabolites by a gas chromatographic-helium microwave plasma detector—The biotransformation of 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecanol to perfluorooctanoate
Hagen, D. F., Belisle, J., Johnson, J. D., & Venkateswarlu, P. (1981) · Analytical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/0003-2697(81)90591-1 · Cited by 145
Biochemistry Involving Carbon-Fluorine Bonds
Filler1, R. (1976) · ACS symposium series · doi:10.1021/bk-1976-0028 · Cited by 102
Organic Fluorine in Human Serum: Natural Versus Industrial Sources
Belisle, J. (1981) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7233235 · Cited by 48
Niacin Reduces Paraquat Toxicity in Rats
Brown, O. R., Heitkamp, M. A., & Song, C.-S. (1981) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7233236 · Cited by 43
New Form of Diphtheria Toxin
Goor, R. S. (1968) · Nature · doi:10.1038/2171051a0 · Cited by 34
Cancer Risk Related to Genetic Polymorphisms in Carcinogen Metabolism and DNA Repair
Poulsen, H. E., Loft, S. H., & Wassermann, K. (1993) · Pharmacology & Toxicology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1993.tb01676.x · Cited by 32
Distribution and forms of fluorine in whole blood of human male
Yamamoto, G., YOSHITAKE, K., Sato, T., Kimura, T., & Ando, T. (1989) · Analytical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/0003-2697(89)90610-6 · Cited by 19

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 10 references

Research works printed but not linked: 4

Key B. D., 1997, Environ. Sci. Technol., 31, 2454
Banks R. E., 1994, Smart
Paez D. M., 1980, Fluoride, 13, 68
Hansen K. J., 2001, Environ. Sci. Technol., 35, 770

Sorted by citations

Items 1,001–1,051 of 1,051

Maternal serum concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances and birth size in British boys
Marks, K. J., Cutler, A. J., Jeddy, Z., Northstone, K., Kato, K., & Hartman, T. J. (2019) · International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health · doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.03.008 · Cited by 60
Perfluorododecanoic Acid Exposure Induced Developmental Neurotoxicity in Zebrafish Embryos
Guo, X., Zhang, S., Lu, S., Zheng, B., Xie, P., Chen, J., Li, G., Liu, C., Wu, Q., Cheng, H., et al. (2018) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2018.06.013 · Cited by 58
Application of a comprehensive extraction technique for the determination of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in Great Lakes Region sediments
Guo, R., Megson, D., Myers, A. L., Helm, P. A., Marvin, C., Crozier, P., Mabury, S., Bhavsar, S. P., Tomy, G., Simcik, M., et al. (2016) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.08.126 · Cited by 58
Is the phase-out of long-chain PFASs measurable as fingerprint in a defined area? Comparison of global PFAS concentrations and a monitoring study performed in Hesse, Germany from 2014 to 2018
Janousek, R. M., Mayer, J., & Knepper, T. P. (2019) · TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.trac.2019.01.017 · Cited by 56
Experimental Determination of Air/Water Partition Coefficients for 21 Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Reveals Variable Performance of Property Prediction Models
Endo, S., Hammer, J., & Matsuzawa, S. (2023) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.3c02545 · Cited by 54
Identification of perfluoroalkyl acid sources in Swiss surface waters with the help of the artificial sweetener acesulfame
Müller, C. E., Gerecke, A. C., Alder, A. C., Scheringer, M., & Hungerbühler, K. (2011) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2010.12.035 · Cited by 53
Uptake and elimination of perfluorinated phosphonic acids in the rat
D'eon, J. C., & Mabury, S. A. (2010) · Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry · doi:10.1002/etc.167 · Cited by 52
Ecological effect and risk towards aquatic plants induced by perfluoroalkyl substances: bridging natural to culturing flora
Zhou, Y., Wang, T., Jiang, Z., Kong, X., Li, Q., Sun, Y., Wang, P., & Liu, Z. (2017) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.146 · Cited by 52
High levels of fluoroalkyl substances and potential disruption of thyroid hormones in three gull species from South Western France
Sebastiano, M., Jouanneau, W., Blévin, P., Angelier, F., Parenteau, C., Gernigon, J., Lemesle, J. C., Robin, F., Pardon, P., Budzinski, H., et al. (2021) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144611 · Cited by 51
Spatial Prediction of Concentrations of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in European Soils
Moghadasi, R., Mumberg, T., & Wanner, P. (2023) · Environmental Science & Technology Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.estlett.3c00633 · Cited by 52
Uptake of perfluorinated alkyl acids by crops: results from a field study
Felizeter, S., Jürling, H., Kotthoff, M., De Voogt, P., & McLachlan, M. S. (2021) · Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts · doi:10.1039/d1em00166c · Cited by 52
Comprehensive profiles of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in Chinese and African municipal wastewater treatment plants: new implications for removal efficiency
Jiang, L., Yao, J., Ren, G., Sheng, N., Guo, Y., Dai, J., & Pan, Y. (2023) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159638 · Cited by 51
Do concentrations of perfluoroalkylated acids (PFAAs) in isopods reflect concentrations in soil and songbirds? A study using a distance gradient from a fluorochemical plant
Groffen, T., Eens, M., & Bervoets, L. (2019) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.072 · Cited by 50
Spatio-temporal assessment of perfluorinated compounds in the Brisbane River system, Australia: Impact of a major flood event
Gallen, C., Baduel, C., Lai, F. Y., Thompson, K., Thompson, J., Warne, M., & Mueller, J. F. (2014) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.02.014 · Cited by 51
Identification of Unsaturated and 2H Polyfluorocarboxylate Homologous Series and Their Detection in Environmental Samples and as Polymer Degradation Products
Washington, J. W., Jenkins, T. M., & Weber, E. J. (2015) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5b03379 · Cited by 50
Neurobehavioral Teratogenicity of Perfluorinated Alkyls in an Avian Model
Pinkas, A., Slotkin, T. A., Brick-Turin, Y., Van der Zee, E. A., & Yanai, J. (2010) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2009.11.004 · Cited by 48
Bioremediation of Perfluorochemicals: Current State and the Way Forward
Tang, K. H. D., & Kristanti, R. A. (2022) · Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering · doi:10.1007/s00449-022-02694-z · Cited by 49
Subchronic Effects of Perfluorooctanesulfonate Exposure on Inflammation in Adult Male C57BL/6 Mice
Dong, G., Zhang, Y., Zheng, L., Liang, Z., Jin, Y., & He, Q. (2012) · Environmental Toxicology · doi:10.1002/tox.20642 · Cited by 49
PFAS Accumulation in several terrestrial plant and invertebrate species reveals species-specific differences
Groffen, T., Prinsen, E., Devos Stoffels, O.-A., Maas, L., Vincke, P., Lasters, R., Eens, M., & Bervoets, L. (2022) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-022-23799-8 · Cited by 46
Screening of textile finishing agents available on the Chinese market: An important source of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances to the environment
Mumtaz, M., Bao, Y., Li, W., Kong, L., Huang, J., & Yu, G. (2019) · Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering · doi:10.1007/s11783-019-1145-0 · Cited by 45
Risks of Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) for Sustainable Water Recycling via Aquifers
Page, D., Vanderzalm, J., Kumar, A., Cheng, K. Y., Kaksonen, A. H., & Simpson, S. (2019) · Water · doi:10.3390/w11081737 · Cited by 43
Vapor Pressure of Nine Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) Determined Using the Knudsen Effusion Method
Zhang, M., Yamada, K., Bourguet, S., Guelfo, J., & Suuberg, E. M. (2020) · Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data · doi:10.1021/acs.jced.9b00922 · Cited by 42
Regulation of Corticosterone Secretion Is Modified by PFOS Exposure at Different Levels of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis in Adult Male Rats
Pereiro, N., Moyano, R., Blanco, A., & Lafuente, A. (2014) · Toxicology Letters · doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.01.003 · Cited by 42
Longitudinal measures of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in serum of Gullah African Americans in South Carolina: 2003–2013
Gribble, M. O., Bartell, S. M., Kannan, K., Wu, Q., Fair, P. A., & Kamen, D. L. (2015) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2015.03.012 · Cited by 43
“, 2011), although commercially useful for their surfactant properties (Lehmler, 2005), have spread around the globe and into foods and may have important consequences for the environment and human health (Armitage et al., 2009; Butt et al., 2010; Domingo, 2012; Giesy and Kannan, 2001; Ludwicki et al., 2015; Perez et a…”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Contact to perfluoroalkyl substances and thyroid health effects: A meta-analysis directing on pregnancy
Zhang, L., Liang, J., & Gao, A. (2023) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137748 · Cited by 41
Sources, Fate, and Detection of Dust-Associated Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS): A Review
Ismail, U. M., Elnakar, H., & Khan, M. F. (2023) · Toxics · doi:10.3390/toxics11040335 · Cited by 40
Perfluorododecanoic Acid Induces Cognitive Deficit in Adult Rats
Kawabata, K., Matsuzaki, H., Nukui, S., Okazaki, M., Sakai, A., Kawashima, Y., & Kudo, N. (2017) · Toxicological Sciences · doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfx058 · Cited by 37
Elevation of Intracellular Calcium and Oxidative Stress Is Involved in Perfluorononanoic Acid-Induced Neurotoxicity
Fang, X., Wu, C., Li, H., Yuan, W., & Wang, X. (2018) · Toxicology and Industrial Health · doi:10.1177/0748233717742262 · Cited by 36
Characteristic distribution patterns of perfluoroalkyl substances in soils according to land-use types
Sim, W., Park, H., Yoon, J.-K., Kim, J.-I., & Oh, J.-E. (2021) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130167 · Cited by 36
Anaerobic biotransformation of N-methyl perfluorobutanesulfonamido ethanol and N-ethyl perfluorooctanesulfonamido ethanol
Lange, C. C. (2017) · Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry · doi:10.1002/etc.4014 · Cited by 36
Isomer-specific trophic transfer of perfluorocarboxylic acids in the marine food web of Liaodong Bay, North China
Zhang, Z., Peng, H., Wan, Y., & Hu, J. (2015) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es504445x · Cited by 35
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the marine environment: An overview and prospects
Wang, Q., Shao, Y., Leung, K. M. Y., Lam, P. K. S., & Ruan, Y. (2025) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117993 · Cited by 38
Dynamic multimedia fate simulation of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) from 1981 to 2050 in the urbanizing Bohai Rim of China
Su, C., Lu, Y., Wang, T., Lu, X., Song, S., Li, L., Khan, K., Wang, C., & Liang, R. (2018) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.045 · Cited by 34
Perfluorooctane Sulfonate Influences Feeding Behavior and Gut Motility via the Hypothalamus
Asakawa, A., Toyoshima, M., Fujimiya, M., Harada, K., Ataka, K., Inoue, K., & Koizumi, A. (2007) · International Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.3892/ijmm.19.5.733 · Cited by 33
Background Levels of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Humans from Taiwan: Perfluorooctane Sulfonate and Perfluorooctanoic Acid
Hsu, J.-Y., Hsu, J.-F., Ho, H.-H., Chiang, C.-F., & Liao, P.-C. (2013) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.06.047 · Cited by 32
Profiling research on PFAS in wildlife: Systematic evidence map and bibliometric analysis
Vendl, C., Taylor, M. D., Bräunig, J., Ricolfi, L., Ahmed, R., Chin, M., Gibson, M. J., Hesselson, D., Neely, G. G., Lagisz, M., et al. (2024) · Ecological Solutions and Evidence · doi:10.1002/2688-8319.12292 · Cited by 31
PFASs pollution in Galveston Bay surface waters and biota (shellfish and fish) following AFFFs use during the ITC fire at Deer Park (March 17th–20th 2019), Houston, TX
Nolen, R. M., Faulkner, P., Ross, A. D., Kaiser, K., Quigg, A., & Hala, D. (2022) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150361 · Cited by 29
Temporal trends for inflow of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) to Tokyo Bay, Japan, estimated by a receptor-oriented approach
Sakurai, T., Serizawa, S., Kobayashi, J., Kodama, K., Lee, J.-H., Maki, H., Zushi, Y., Sevilla-Nastor, J. B., Imaizumi, Y., Suzuki, N., et al. (2016) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.08.142 · Cited by 29
The Ubiquitous Environmental Pollutant Perfluorooctanoicacid Inhibits Feeding Behavior via Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-α
Asakawa, A., Toyoshima, M., Harada, K., Fujimiya, M., Inoue, K., & Koizumi, A. (2008) · International Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.3892/ijmm.21.4.439 · Cited by 26
A Matrix-Correction Approach to Estimate the Bioaccumulation Potential of Emerging PFASs
Song, X., Vestergren, R., Shi, Y., & Cai, Y. (2020) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.9b04906 · Cited by 24
Phytoscreening for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances at a Contaminated Site in Germany
Würth, A., Mechler, M., Menberg, K., Ikipinar, M. A., Martus, P., Söhlmann, R., Boeddinghaus, R. S., & Blum, P. (2023) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.2c04519 · Cited by 22
Both sub-acute, Moderate-Dose and Short-Term, Low-Dose Dietary Exposure of Mice to Perfluorooctane Sulfonate Exacerbates Concanavalin A-Induced Hepatitis
Qazi, M. R., Hassan, M., Nelson, B. D., DePierre, J. W., & Abedi-Valugerdi, M. (2013) · Toxicology Letters · doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.12.001 · Cited by 21
Insight into the uptake and translocation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in hydroponically grown lettuce
Wang, W., Yuan, S., & Kwon, J.-H. (2022) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-022-21886-4 · Cited by 21
Release of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from a waste management facility fire to an urban creek
Alghamdi, W., Marchiandi, J., Szabo, D., Samandra, S., & Clarke, B. O. (2022) · Journal of Hazardous Materials Advances · doi:10.1016/j.hazadv.2022.100167 · Cited by 19
Occurrence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and inorganic analytes in groundwater and surface water used as sources for public water supply in West Virginia
McAdoo, M. A., Connock, G. T., & Messinger, T. (2022) · Scientific Investigations Report · doi:10.3133/sir20225067 · Cited by 15
A scoping assessment of implemented toxicokinetic models of per- and polyfluoro-alkyl substances, with a focus on one-compartment models
East, A., Dawson, D. E., Brady, S., Vallero, D. A., & Tornero-Velez, R. (2023) · Toxics · doi:10.3390/toxics11020163 · Cited by 14
Regeneration of biochars (pristine and modified/engineered) and economic analysis of their use in the removal of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from water/wastewater
Jafarinejad, S., He, J., & Wang, D. (2025) · Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering · doi:10.1007/s11783-025-1940-8 · Cited by 14
Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in Healthcare: Environmental and Clinical Insights
Briassoulis, G., Ilia, S., & Briassouli, E. (2025) · Life · doi:10.3390/life15071057 · Cited by 15
Application of a Microporous Polyethylene Tube Passive Sampler for Monitoring Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Wastewater Influent and Effluent
Mackie, R., Hawker, D. W., Ghorbani Gorji, S., Booij, K., Qu, X., Bowles, K., Shea, S., Higgins, C. P., & Kaserzon, S. (2024) · ACS ES&T Water · doi:10.1021/acsestwater.4c00125 · Cited by 11
Distribution of Per‐ and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in the Rapidly Urbanizing Arroyo Colorado Watershed, Texas
Liu, Y., Shields, M. R., Puthigai, S., Gregory, L. F., & Berthold, A. A. (2024) · Journal of Contemporary Water Research & Education · doi:10.1111/j.1936-704x.2024.3405.x · Cited by 4
Impact of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in wild plants, soil and water in two Austrian national parks
Weinbauer, H., Mann, O., & Hornek-Gausterer, R. (2025) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180346 · Cited by 4

Authors: Giesy, J. P., & Kannan, K.
Affiliations: Michigan State University (US)
Corresponding author: Giesy, John P.
ORCID: Giesy, John P.
Kannan, Kurunthachalam
Venue: Environmental Science & Technology
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Published: 2001-03-01
Volume: 35
Issue: 7
Pages: 1339-1342
ISSN: 0013-936X (ISSN-L)
1520-5851
DOI: 10.1021/es001834k
OpenAlex: W1976770880
Cited by: 2,750
References: 10
Citations by year: 2026: 123 · 2025: 150 · 2024: 137 · 2023: 134 · 2022: 143 · 2021: 155 · 2020: 131 · 2019: 109 · 2018: 114 · 2017: 93 · 2016: 115 · 2015: 100 · 2014: 125 · 2013: 145 · 2012: 117
FWCI: 37.11
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Environmental Science & Technology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
Keywords: PFOS, global distribution, wildlife contamination, bioaccumulation, trophic transfer, fish, birds, marine mammals, bald eagle, polar bear, albatrosses, seals, Great Lakes, Arctic, North Pacific, Baltic Sea, Mediterranean Sea
MeSH terms: Animals, Animals, Wild, Ursidae, Birds, Diet, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Pollutants, Fluorocarbons, Tissue Distribution, Food Chain, Seals, Earless

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Global Distribution of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate in Wildlife

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks