Beginning the workday yet already depleted? Consequences of late-night smartphone use and sleep

Lanaj, Klodiana; Johnson, Russell E.; Barnes, Christopher M.

doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2014.01.001

Cited by 738Cyberloafing and Workplace BehaviorWorkaholism, burnout, and well-beingWork-Family Balance Challenges

Beginning the workday yet already depleted? Consequences of late-night smartphone use and sleep

Open access

Lanaj, Klodiana, Johnson, Russell E., Barnes, Christopher M.·2014·Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes

DOI 10.1016/j.obhdp.2014.01.001

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.obhdp.2014.01.001

Cites

103 of 103 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Late-night smartphone use and inability to regulate use have been associated with decreased sleep quality.
“Late-night smartphone use (e.g., Lanaj et al., 2014), as well as the inability to regulate use (e.g., Demirci et al., 2015), have been associated with decreased sleep quality.”
From Is life brighter when your phone is not? The efficacy of a grayscale smartphone intervention addressing digital well-being (2024) · cites this paper as Lanaj et al., 2014
Smartphones can negatively impact well-being primarily by reducing the time spent doing other activities that are essential for well-being, such as sleeping or socializing.
“From this perspective, smartphones can negatively impact well-being primarily by reducing the time we spend doing other activities that are essential for well-being, such as sleeping [18,19,20] or socializing [21].”
From The effects of smartphones on well-being: theoretical integration and research agenda (2020) · cites this paper as [19]

Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J.-Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879 · Cited by 82,194 · see citing works
The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research
Buysse, D. J., Reynolds, C. F., Monk, T. H., Berman, S. R., & Kupfer, D. J. (1989) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4 · Cited by 35,234 · see citing works
Hierarchical Linear Models: Applications and Data Analysis Methods.
Longford, N. T., Bryk, A. S., & Raudenbush, S. W. (1993) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2075823 · Cited by 18,768 · see citing works
Hierarchical Linear Models: Applications and Data Analysis Methods
Davidian, M. (2003) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1198/jasa.2003.s288 · Cited by 13,820 · see citing works
Job Demands, Job Decision Latitude, and Mental Strain: Implications for Job Redesign
Karasek, R. A. (1979) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2392498 · Cited by 12,597 · see citing works
PSYCHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF PERSONAL ENGAGEMENT AND DISENGAGEMENT AT WORK.
Kahn, W. A. (1990) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.2307/256287 · Cited by 10,975 · see citing works
Amazon's Mechanical Turk: A New Source of Inexpensive, Yet High-Quality, Data?
Buhrmester, M., Kwang, T., & Gosling, S. D. (2011) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691610393980 · Cited by 9,996 · see citing works
Sources of Conflict Between Work and Family Roles
Greenhaus, J. H., & Beutell, N. J. (1985) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.1985.4277352 · Cited by 9,286 · see citing works
Motivation through the design of work: test of a theory
Hackman, J. R., & Oldham, G. R. (1976) · Organizational Behavior and Human Performance · doi:10.1016/0030-5073(76)90016-7 · Cited by 8,962 · see citing works
Self‐determination theory and work motivation
Gagné, M., & Deci, E. L. (2005) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.322 · Cited by 7,757 · see citing works
The Measurement of Work Engagement With a Short Questionnaire: A Cross-National Study
Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B., & Salanova, M. (2006) · Educational and Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/0013164405282471 · Cited by 7,403 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Selfcontrol resources enable employees to devote energy to work tasks and block out non-work distractions, which are vital ingredients for experiencing the absorption, vigor, and dedication that characterize engagement (Schaufeli et al., 2006).”
Background
Ego depletion: Is the active self a limited resource?
Baumeister, R. F., Bratslavsky, E., Muraven, M., & Tice, D. M. (1998) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.74.5.1252 · Cited by 5,312 · cited 4× · see citing works
“First, a shortcoming of ego depletion research is that it generally examines temporally proximal cognitive tasks as antecedents of depletion (Baumeister et al., 1998; Hagger et al., 2010; Muraven & Baumeister, 2000).”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Computational Tools for Probing Interactions in Multiple Linear Regression, Multilevel Modeling, and Latent Curve Analysis
Preacher, K. J., Curran, P. J., & Bauer, D. J. (2006) · Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics · doi:10.3102/10769986031004437 · Cited by 5,044 · see citing works
Multilevel Theory, Research, and Methods in Organizations: Foundations, Extensions, and New Directions
Klein, K. J., & Kozlowski, S. W. J. (2000) · Cited by 4,914 · see citing works
Self-regulation and depletion of limited resources: Does self-control resemble a muscle?
Muraven, M., & Baumeister, R. F. (2000) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.126.2.247 · Cited by 4,510 · see citing works
Job Engagement: Antecedents and Effects on Job Performance
Rich, B. L., LePine, J. A., & Crawford, E. R. (2010) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2010.51468988 · Cited by 3,979 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Although work engagement is an important variable, and one that contributes to job performance (Christian et al., 2011; Rich et al., 2010), our research did not establish a relation from engagement to productivity.”
Background
A general multilevel SEM framework for assessing multilevel mediation
Preacher, K. J., Zyphur, M. J., & Zhang, Z. (2010) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/a0020141 · Cited by 3,796 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The distribution of these random draws is used to create a confidence interval that accounts for the non-normal sampling distribution of the indirect effect (Preacher et al., 2010; Wang et al., 2013).”
Method
The Strength Model of Self-Control
Baumeister, R. F., Vohs, K. D., & Tice, D. M. (2007) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8721.2007.00534.x · Cited by 3,567 · see citing works
The Meaning of Employee Engagement
Macey, W. H., & Schneider, B. (2008) · Industrial and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1754-9434.2007.0002.x · Cited by 3,365 · see citing works
WORK ENGAGEMENT: A QUANTITATIVE REVIEW AND TEST OF ITS RELATIONS WITH TASK AND CONTEXTUAL PERFORMANCE
CHRISTIAN, M. S., GARZA, A. S., & SLAUGHTER, J. E. (2011) · Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.2010.01203.x · Cited by 2,903 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Although work engagement is an important variable, and one that contributes to job performance (Christian et al., 2011; Rich et al., 2010), our research did not establish a relation from engagement to productivity.”
Background
Work Engagement
Bakker, A. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2010) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203853047 · Cited by 2,551 · see citing works
Ego depletion and the strength model of self-control: a meta-analysis
Hagger, M. S., Wood, C., Stiff, C., & Chatzisarantis, N. L. D. (2010) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0019486 · Cited by 2,265 · cited 3× · see citing works
“First, our study contributes to ego depletion theory by responding to recent calls for research that investigates the longevity of depletion effects (Hagger et al., 2010).”
Background
Cumulative Sleepiness, Mood Disturbance, and Psychomotor Vigilance Performance Decrements During a Week of Sleep Restricted to 4–5 Hours per Night
Dinges, D. F., Pack, F. M., Williams, K., Gillen, K. A., Powell, J. W., Ott, G. E., Trasande, C. A., & Pack, A. I. (1997) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/20.4.267 · Cited by 2,018 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Research also indicates that short sleep quantity and poor sleep quality on one night lead to longer sleep the next night (Banks, van Dongen, Maislin, & Dinges, 2010; Dinges et al., 1997; Rupp, Wesensten, Bliese, & Balkin, 2009).”
Background
Modeling the antecedents of proactive behavior at work.
Parker, S. K., Williams, H. M., & Turner, N. (2006) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.91.3.636 · Cited by 2,006 · see citing works
Losing control: how and why people fail at self-regulation
(1995) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.32-6508 · Cited by 1,924 · see citing works
Recovery, work engagement, and proactive behavior: A new look at the interface between nonwork and work.
Sonnentag, S. (2003) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.88.3.518 · Cited by 1,851 · cited 3× · see citing works
“Despite conceptual arguments and empirical evidence that employees’ daily work engagement fluctuates (Sonnentag, 2003; Sonnentag et al., 2010, 2012), few empirical investigations have considered daily resource levels as a predictor of daily work engagement.”
Background
Stability, precision, and near-24-hour period of the human circadian pacemaker
Czeisler, C. A., Duffy, J. F., Shanahan, T. L., Brown, E. N., Mitchell, J. F., Rimmer, D. W., Ronda, J. M., Silva, E. J., Allan, J. S., Emens, J. S., et al. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.284.5423.2177 · Cited by 1,705 · see citing works
Conceptualizing and testing random indirect effects and moderated mediation in multilevel models: New procedures and recommendations.
Bauer, D. J., Preacher, K. J., & Gil, K. M. (2006) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/1082-989x.11.2.142 · Cited by 1,704 · see citing works
A Monte Carlo study of the effects of correlated method variance in moderated multiple regression analysis
Evans, M. G. (1985) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/0749-5978(85)90002-0 · Cited by 1,550 · cited 1× · see citing works
“This concern is somewhat alleviated by the fact that the morning and afternoon surveys were spaced in time, which is effective for minimizing CMV (Johnson, Rosen, & Djurdjevic, 2011; Podsakoff, MacKenzie, Lee, & Podsakoff, 2003), and that the cross-level interaction observed in Study 1 is unlikely to be explained by C…”
Background
Sleep Homeostasis and Models of Sleep Regulation
Borb, A. A., & Achermann, P. (1999) · Journal of Biological Rhythms · doi:10.1177/074873099129000894 · Cited by 1,503 · see citing works
Self-regulation, ego depletion, and motivation
Baumeister, R. F., & Vohs, K. D. (2007) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/j.1751-9004.2007.00001.x · Cited by 1,402 · see citing works
Social exclusion impairs self-regulation
Baumeister, R. F., DeWall, C. N., Ciarocco, N. J., & Twenge, J. M. (2005) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.88.4.589 · Cited by 1,401 · see citing works
A meta-analysis of the impact of short-term sleep deprivation on cognitive variables
Lim, J., & Dinges, D. F. (2010) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0018883 · Cited by 1,389 · see citing works
Contribution of the circadian pacemaker and the sleep homeostat to sleep propensity, sleep structure, electroencephalographic slow waves, and sleep spindle activity in humans
Dijk, D., & Czeisler, C. (1995) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.15-05-03526.1995 · Cited by 1,356 · see citing works
To Be Fully There: Psychological Presence at Work
Kahn, W. A. (1992) · Human Relations · doi:10.1177/001872679204500402 · Cited by 1,198 · see citing works
The effects of choice on intrinsic motivation and related outcomes: A meta-analysis of research findings.
Patall, E. A., Cooper, H., & Robinson, J. C. (2008) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.134.2.270 · Cited by 1,101 · see citing works
Mechanisms linking work and family: clarifying the relationship between work and family constructs
Edwards, J. R., & Rothbard, N. P. (2000) · The Academy of Management Review · doi:10.2307/259269 · Cited by 1,044 · see citing works
Clues to the functions of mammalian sleep
Siegel, J. M. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04285 · Cited by 1,040 · cited 1× · see citing works
“One subfield focuses on the interplay between light and sleep and suggests that humans have evolved to be better suited for activity during daylight than darkness (Siegel, 2005).”
Background
An episodic process model of affective influences on performance.
Beal, D., Weiss, H., Barros, E., & Macdermid, S. (2005) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.90.6.1054 · Cited by 1,020 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Once depleted, people find subsequent work activities more demanding and become vulnerable to non-task distractions and impulses (Baumeister & Vohs, 2007; Beal et al., 2005).”
Background
Directed Attention as a Common Resource for Executive Functioning and Self-Regulation
Kaplan, S., & Berman, M. G. (2010) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691609356784 · Cited by 905 · see citing works
Untitled work
(2010) · Cited by 814 · see citing works
Unable to resist temptation: How self-control depletion promotes unethical behavior
Francesca Gino, B., Schweitzer, M. E., Mead, N. L., & Ariely, D. (2011) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2011.03.001 · Cited by 803 · see citing works
Shift work, safety and productivity
Folkard, S. (2003) · Occupational Medicine · doi:10.1093/occmed/kqg047 · Cited by 774 · see citing works
Mechanisms of Self-Control Failure: Motivation and Limited Resources
Muraven, M., & Slessareva, E. (2003) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167203029007008 · Cited by 764 · see citing works
“Did you have a nice evening?” A day-level study on recovery experiences, sleep, and affect
Sonnentag, S., Binnewies, C., & Mojza, E. J. (2008) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.93.3.674 · Cited by 741 · cited 2× · see citing works
“In particular, smartphone use for work at night prevents employees from psychologically detaching themselves from work, which is problematic because detachment has beneficial effects on sleep (Sonnentag, Dorman, & Demerouti, 2010; Sonnentag et al., 2008).”
Background
Self‐Recording of Everyday Life Events: Origins, Types, and Uses
Wheeler, L. S., & Reis, H. T. (1991) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1991.tb00252.x · Cited by 709 · see citing works
Too engaged? a conservation of resources view of the relationship between work engagement and work interference with family
Halbesleben, J. R. B., Harvey, J., & Bolino, M. C. (2009) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0017595 · Cited by 701 · see citing works
The application of hierarchical linear modeling to organizational research.
Hofmann, D. A., Griffin, M. A., & Gavin, M. B. (2000) · Cited by 673 · see citing works
Too tired to tell the truth: Self-control resource depletion and dishonesty
Mead, N. L., Baumeister, R. F., Francesca Gino, B., Schweitzer, M. E., & Ariely, D. (2009) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2009.02.004 · Cited by 638 · see citing works
Using experience sampling methodology in organizational behavior
Fisher, C. D., & To, M. L. (2012) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.1803 · Cited by 555 · see citing works
Developmental aspects of sleep hygiene: findings from the 2004 National Sleep Foundation Sleep in America Poll
Mindell, J. A., Meltzer, L. J., Carskadon, M. A., & Chervin, R. D. (2009) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2008.07.016 · Cited by 542 · see citing works
Examining the Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Workplace Deviance: A Self-Regulatory Perspective
Christian, M. S., & Ellis, A. P. J. (2011) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2010.0179 · Cited by 536 · see citing works
DO HIGH JOB DEMANDS INCREASE INTRINSIC MOTIVATION OR FATIGUE OR BOTH? THE ROLE OF JOB CONTROL AND JOB SOCIAL SUPPORT.
Yperen, N. W. V., & Hagedoorn, M. (2003) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.2307/30040627 · Cited by 534 · see citing works
Must "service with a smile" be stressful? The moderating role of personal control for American and French employees.
Grandey, A., Fisk, G. M., & Steiner, D. D. (2005) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.90.5.893 · Cited by 533 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Indeed, job control is likely to provide affective and cognitive resources that compensate for situations that are depleting (Grandey et al., 2005). It is possible, then, that employees with high job control may be less susceptible to the damaging effects of morning depletion. This possibility is supported by Karasek’…”
Background
Assessing the impact of common method variance on higher order multidimensional constructs.
Johnson, R. E., Rosen, C. C., & Djurdjevic, E. (2010) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0021504 · Cited by 525 · see citing works
Ultrashort sleep-waking schedule. III. ‘Gates’ and ‘Forbidden zones’ for sleep
Lavie, P. (1986) · Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/0013-4694(86)90123-9 · Cited by 480 · see citing works
A Multilevel Field Investigation of Emotional Labor, Affect, Work Withdrawal, and Gender
Scott, B., & Barnes, C. (2011) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2011.59215086 · Cited by 460 · see citing works
Lack of sleep and unethical conduct
Barnes, C. M., Schaubroeck, J. M., Huth, M., & Ghumman, S. S. (2011) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2011.01.009 · Cited by 412 · see citing works
Work load and work hours in relation to disturbed sleep and fatigue in a large representative sample
Åkerstedt, T., Fredlund, P., Gillberg, M., & Jansson, B. (2002) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-3999(02)00447-6 · Cited by 402 · see citing works
Exploring the relationship between work-related rumination, sleep quality, and work-related fatigue
Querstret, D., & Cropley, M. (2012) · Journal of Occupational Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0028552 · Cited by 401 · see citing works
Job Burnout and Employee Engagement
Cole, M. S., Walter, F. H., Bedeian, A. G., & O’Boyle, E. H. (2011) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206311415252 · Cited by 392 · see citing works
Depletion Makes the Heart Grow Less Helpful: Helping as a Function of Self-Regulatory Energy and Genetic Relatedness
DeWall, C. N., Baumeister, R. F., Gailliot, M. T., & Maner, J. K. (2008) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167208323981 · Cited by 387 · see citing works
Less effective executive functioning after one night's sleep deprivation
Nilsson, J., Söderström, M., Karlsson, A. U., Lekander, M., Åkerstedt, T., Lindroth, N. E., & Axelsson, J. (2005) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2869.2005.00442.x · Cited by 385 · cited 1× · see citing works
“This reduced activity is noteworthy because the prefrontal cortex plays a key role in executive functioning (Nilsson et al., 2005), which is inherently tied to self-control (Kaplan & Berman, 2010).”
Background
Can’t get it out of my mind: Employee rumination after customer mistreatment and negative mood in the next morning.
Wang, M., Liu, S., Liao, H., Gong, Y., Kammeyer‐Mueller, J. D., & Shi, J. (2013) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0033656 · Cited by 371 · cited 3× · see citing works
“(2006) and recent work (Wang et al., 2013).”
BackgroundMethod
Self-gain or self-regulation impairment? Tests of competing explanations of the supervisor abuse and employee deviance relationship through perceptions of distributive justice.
Thau, S., & Mitchell, M. S. (2010) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0020540 · Cited by 367 · see citing works
Daily performance at work: feeling recovered in the morning as a predictor of day‐level job performance
Binnewies, C., Sonnentag, S., & Mojza, E. J. (2008) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.541 · Cited by 356 · see citing works
Lower health risk with increased job control among white collar workers
Karasek, R. A. (1990) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.4030110302 · Cited by 316 · see citing works
Reciprocal relations between recovery and work engagement: The moderating role of job stressors.
Sonnentag, S., Mojza, E. J., Demerouti, E., & Bakker, A. B. (2012) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0028292 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Neurobehavioral Dynamics Following Chronic Sleep Restriction: Dose-Response Effects of One Night for Recovery
Banks, S., Van Dongen, H. P. A., Maislin, G., & Dinges, D. F. (2010) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/33.8.1013 · Cited by 295 · see citing works
Lost sleep and cyberloafing: Evidence from the laboratory and a daylight saving time quasi-experiment.
Wagner, D. T., Barnes, C. M., Lim, V. K. G., & Ferris, D. L. (2012) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0027557 · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Ego Depletion and Self‐Regulation Failure: A Resource Model of Self‐Control
Baumeister, R. F. (2003) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1097/01.alc.0000060879.61384.a4 · Cited by 292 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Off-work recovery activities are important for replenishing depleted resources, and getting sufficient sleep is especially important (Baumeister, 2003; Sonnentag, Binnewies, & Mojza, 2008).”
Background
Banking sleep: realization of benefits during subsequent sleep restriction and recovery
Rupp, T. L., Wesensten, N. J., Bliese, P. D., & Balkin, T. J. (2009) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/32.3.311 · Cited by 270 · see citing works
Insomnia, Emotions, and Job Satisfaction: A Multilevel Study
Scott, B. A., & Judge, T. A. (2006) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206306289762 · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Goal setting, conditions of practice, and task performance: A resource allocation perspective.
Kanfer, R., Ackerman, P. L., Murtha, T. C., Dugdale, B., & Nelson, L. C. (1994) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.79.6.826 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Insufficient sleep predicts clinical burnout.
Söderström, M., Jeding, K., Ekstedt, M., Perski, A., & Åkerstedt, T. (2012) · Journal of Occupational Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0027518 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Changing to daylight saving time cuts into sleep and increases workplace injuries.
Barnes, C. M., & Wagner, D. T. (2009) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0015320 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
Sleeping with your smartphone: how to break the 24/7 habit and change the way you work
(2012) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.50-0968 · Cited by 249 · cited 5× · see citing works
“Smartphones, on the other hand, are often the first wave of incursion of work into the home (Huhman, 2011; Perlow, 2012).”
BackgroundInfluential
Extraocular Circadian Phototransduction in Humans
Campbell, S. S., & Murphy, P. (1998) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.279.5349.396 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
Dose-response relationship between light irradiance and the suppression of plasma melatonin in human volunteers
Brainard, G. C., Lewy, A. J., Menaker, M., Fredrickson, R. H., Miller, L. S., Weleber, R. G., Cassone, V., & Hudson, D. (1988) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(88)90820-7 · Cited by 233 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Illuminance that is well below typical indoor light can suppress melatonin (Brainard et al., 1988), and even a simple light pulse shined on the back of the knee interrupts the human circadian rhythm (Campbell & Murphy, 1998).”
Background
Waking Up on the Right or Wrong Side of the Bed: Start-of-Workday Mood, Work Events, Employee Affect, and Performance
Rothbard, N. P., & Wilk, S. L. (2011) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2007.0056 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Working in our sleep
Barnes, C. M. (2012) · Organizational Psychology Review · doi:10.1177/2041386612450181 · Cited by 223 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Thus, recent research has linked a lack of sleep to ego depletion (Barnes, 2012), which in turn has been linked to breakdowns in the regulation of deviant and unethical behaviors (Barnes et al.”
Background
A hard day’s night: a longitudinal study on the relationships among job demands and job control, sleep quality and fatigue
de Lange, A., Kompier, M. A. J., Taris, T. W., Geurts, S. A. E., Beckers, D. G. J., Houtman, I. L. D., & Bongers, P. M. (2009) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2869.2009.00735.x · Cited by 209 · see citing works
The donor is in the details
Cryder, C. E., Loewenstein, G. F., & Scheines, R. (2012) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2012.08.002 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Sleep-Wake as a Biological Rhythm
Lavie, P. (2001) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.277 · Cited by 186 · cited 2× · see citing works
“The circadian rhythm cycle is regulated by the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus, which relays signals to the pineal gland to secrete melatonin, which is a key biochemical in the process of falling asleep (Dijk & Czeisler, 1995; Lavie, 2001).”
Background
The Downfall of Extraverts and Rise of Neurotics: The Dynamic Process of Status Allocation in Task Groups
Bendersky, C., & Shah, N. P. (2012) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2011.0316 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Not all days are created equal : the concept of state work engagement
Sonnentag, S., Dormann, C., & Demerouti, E. (2010) · TU/e Research Portal · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Critical Psychology: What It Is and What It Is Not
Parker, I. (2007) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/j.1751-9004.2007.00008.x · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Borrowing from Sleep to Pay Work and Family: Expanding Time‐Based Conflict to the Broader Nonwork Domain
Barnes, C. M., Wagner, D. T., & Ghumman, S. S. (2012) · Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1111/peps.12002 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
The relationship between media use in the bedroom, sleep habits and symptoms of insomnia
Brunborg, G. S., Mentzoni, R. A., Molde, H., Myrseth, H., Skouverøe, K. J. M., Bjorvatn, B., & Pallesen, S. (2011) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2869.2011.00913.x · Cited by 160 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Smartphone use is an example of an activating activity that contributes to poor sleep hygiene (Brunborg et al., 2011).”
Background
The effects of sleep deprivation on divergent thinking and attention processes
Wimmer, F., Hoffmann, R. F., Bonato, R. A., & Moffitt, A. R. (1992) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2869.1992.tb00043.x · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Association between Sleep Behavior and Sleep‐Related Factors among University Students in Hong Kong
Suen, L. K. P., Hon, K. E., & Tam, W. (2008) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.1080/07420520802397186 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Research on work engagement is well and alive
Sonnentag, S. (2011) · European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1080/1359432x.2010.510639 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Sleep Hygiene Practices of Good and Poor Sleepers in the United States: An Internet-Based Study☆☆This work was supported by a grant from the University of Memphis, Department of Psychology.
Gellis, L. A., & Lichstein, K. L. (2008) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2008.02.001 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Masters of the universe: How power and accountability influence self-serving decisions under moral hazard.
Pitesa, M., & Thau, S. (2013) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0031697 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Power, Moral Clarity, and Punishment in the Workplace
Wiltermuth, S. S., & Flynn, F. J. (2012) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2010.0960 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Service with a Smile
Kharas, H., Ghani, E., & Goswami, A. G. (2012) · World Bank, Washington, DC eBooks · doi:10.1596/17068 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
`I'm tired': Differential effects of physical and emotional fatigue on workload management strategies
Barnes, C. M., & Dyne, L. V. (2009) · Human Relations · doi:10.1177/0018726708099518 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Smartphone ownership 2013
Smith, A. W. (2013) · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Effects of long working hours and the night shift on severe sleepiness among workers with 12‐hour shift systems for 5 to 7 consecutive days in the automobile factories of Korea
Son, M., Kong, J. O., Koh, S. B., Kim, J.-Y., & Härmä, M. (2008) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2869.2008.00675.x · Cited by 57 · see citing works
I’ll sleep when I’m dead
Barnes, C. M. (2010) · Organizational Dynamics · doi:10.1016/j.orgdyn.2010.10.001 · Cited by 47 · cited 1× · see citing works
“, caffeine), reshuffling important tasks to other people, scheduling breaks, and working in teams (Barnes, 2011).”
Background
Sleep extension versus nap or coffee, within the context of ‘sleep debt’
Horne, J. A., Anderson, C., & Platten, C. R. (2008) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2869.2008.00680.x · Cited by 46 · see citing works
I'm tired...
Weinsoff, J. (1966) · PubMed · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Decision-Making Under Conditions of Sleep Deprivation: Cognitive and Neural Consequences
Schnyer, D. M., Zeithamova, D., & Williams, V. J. (2009) · Military Psychology · doi:10.1080/08995600802554607 · Cited by 36 · see citing works

Flagged first, then by citations

3 of the 106 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Sorted by citations

Conducting Clinical Research Using Crowdsourced Convenience Samples
Chandler, J., & Shapiro, D. (2016) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-021815-093623 · Cited by 1,072 · see citing works
“Consequently, waves of data can be collected from workers over a period of days, allowing for diary studies and other forms of experience sampling (Boynton & Richman 2014, Lanaj et al. 2014, Usinger 2014).”
Background
Smartphones and Cognition: A Review of Research Exploring the Links between Mobile Technology Habits and Cognitive Functioning
Wilmer, H. H., Sherman, L. E., & Chein, J. M. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00605 · Cited by 736 · see citing works
“…effect on cognitive performance (Lim and Dinges, 2008), and considerable evidence implicates smartphone technology as a source of sleep disturbances (Cain and Gradisar, 2010 for a review), with a compound effect on cognitive functioning and work engagement the following day (Lanaj et al., 2014).”
Background
Integrating the Bright and Dark Sides of OCB: A Daily Investigation of the Benefits and Costs of Helping Others
Koopman, J., Lanaj, K., & Scott, B. A. (2015) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2014.0262 · Cited by 607 · see citing works
Advances in recovery research: What have we learned? What should be done next?
Sonnentag, S., Venz, L., & Casper, A. (2017) · Journal of Occupational Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/ocp0000079 · Cited by 587 · see citing works
Depression, anxiety, and smartphone addiction in university students- A cross sectional study
Matar Boumosleh, J., & Jaalouk, D. (2017) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0182239 · Cited by 668 · see citing works
“You wouldn’t like me when I’m sleepy”: Leaders’ sleep, daily abusive supervision, and work unit engagement
Barnes, C. M., Lucianetti, L., Bhave, D. P., & Christian, M. S. (2015) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2013.1063 · Cited by 441 · see citing works
Self-citation
Digital Wellbeing as a Dynamic Construct
Vanden Abeele, M. M. P. (2021) · Communication Theory · doi:10.1093/ct/qtaa024 · Cited by 516 · see citing works
Smartphone usage in the 21st century: who is active on WhatsApp?
Montag, C., Błaszkiewicz, K., Sariyska, R., Lachmann, B., Andone, I., Trendafilov, B., Eibes, M., & Markowetz, A. (2015) · BMC Research Notes · doi:10.1186/s13104-015-1280-z · Cited by 408 · see citing works
“Moreover, smartphone overuse (in particular evening usage) seems to be associated with poor sleep quality [5] and reduced work engagement [6], which is not surprising, as new numbers show that about 36–40% of smartphone owners use their smartphone in the last 5 min before going to sleep and/ or in…”
Background
Dynamics of Well-Being
Sonnentag, S. (2015) · Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-032414-111347 · Cited by 422 · see citing works
When ethical leader behavior breaks bad: How ethical leader behavior can turn abusive via ego depletion and moral licensing.
Lin, S., Ma, J., & Johnson, R. E. (2016) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000098 · Cited by 386 · see citing works
“Depletion was measured with five items that were developed by Twenge, Muraven, and Tice (2004) and validated by Johnson et al. (2014) and Lanaj et al. (2014).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluential
Supporting interdependent telework employees: A moderated-mediation model linking daily COVID-19 task setbacks to next-day work withdrawal.
Chong, S., Huang, Y., & Chang, C.-H. D. (2020) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000843 · Cited by 407 · see citing works
Recovery from Work: Advancing the Field Toward the Future
Sonnentag, S., Cheng, B. H., & Parker, S. L. (2021) · Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-012420-091355 · Cited by 400 · see citing works
How Does the Use of Information Communication Technology Affect Individuals? A Work Design Perspective
Wang, B., Liu, Y., & Parker, S. K. (2020) · Academy of Management Annals · doi:10.5465/annals.2018.0127 · Cited by 377 · see citing works
The recovery paradox: Portraying the complex interplay between job stressors, lack of recovery, and poor well-being
Sonnentag, S. (2018) · Research in Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.riob.2018.11.002 · Cited by 405 · see citing works
Hot Buttons and Time Sinks: The Effects of Electronic Communication During Nonwork Time on Emotions and Work-Nonwork Conflict
Butts, M. M., Becker, W. J., & Boswell, W. R. (2015) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2014.0170 · Cited by 353 · see citing works
“The finding for happiness is particularly important, as it shines a positive light on electronic communications during 18 JuneAcademy of Management Journal nonwork time, expanding past studies focused on the negative aspects of electronic communication after work hours (i.e., Lanaj et al., 2014).”
Background
Mobile Phone Use and Mental Health. A Review of the Research That Takes a Psychological Perspective on Exposure
Thomée, S. (2018) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph15122692 · Cited by 340 · see citing works
“, about 5% [26,65,95,123,132,144,148,156,184,249,268,269,274,286], were identified as having any form of longitudinal design, test-retest reliability studies excepted.”
BackgroundInfluential
The relationship between sleep and work: A meta-analysis.
Litwiller, B. J., Snyder, L. A., Taylor, W. D., & Steele, L. M. (2016) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000169 · Cited by 328 · see citing works
Smartphone addiction, daily interruptions and self-reported productivity
Duke, É., & Montag, C. (2017) · Addictive Behaviors Reports · doi:10.1016/j.abrep.2017.07.002 · Cited by 466 · see citing works
Who strikes back? A daily investigation of when and why incivility begets incivility.
Rosen, C. C., Koopman, J., Gabriel, A. S., & Johnson, R. E. (2016) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000140 · Cited by 301 · see citing works
The fatiguing effects of camera use in virtual meetings: A within-person field experiment.
Shockley, K. M., Gabriel, A. S., Robertson, D., Rosen, C. C., Chawla, N., Ganster, M. L., & Ezerins, M. E. (2021) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000948 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
The use of crowdsourcing in addiction science research: Amazon Mechanical Turk.
Strickland, J. C., & Stoops, W. W. (2018) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/pha0000235 · Cited by 249 · see citing works
Investigation of nomophobia and smartphone addiction predictors among adolescents in Turkey: Demographic variables and academic performance
Durak, H. Y. (2018) · The Social Science Journal · doi:10.1016/j.soscij.2018.09.003 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Resilience: A Review Using a Grounded Integrated Occupational Approach
Kossek, E. E., & Perrigino, M. B. (2016) · Academy of Management Annals · doi:10.5465/19416520.2016.1159878 · Cited by 249 · see citing works
Surviving remotely: How job control and loneliness during a forced shift to remote work impacted employee work behaviors and well‐being
Becker, W. J., Belkin, L. Y., Tuskey, S., & Conroy, S. A. (2022) · Human Resource Management · doi:10.1002/hrm.22102 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
When lending a hand depletes the will: The daily costs and benefits of helping.
Lanaj, K., Johnson, R. E., & Wang, M. (2016) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000118 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
The short-lived benefits of abusive supervisory behavior for actors: An investigation of recovery and work engagement
Qin, X., Huang, M., Johnson, R. E., Hu, Q., & Ju, D. (2018) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2016.1325 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
“We measured work engagement using a three-item scale adapted by Lanaj, Johnson, and Barnes (2014) from the short-form Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (Schaufeli, Bakker, & Salanova, 2006).”
MethodSelf-citation
Leaving Work at Work: A Meta-Analysis on Employee Recovery From Work
Steed, L. B., Swider, B. W., Keem, S., & Liu, J. T. (2019) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206319864153 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Is consistently unfair better than sporadically fair? An investigation of justice variability and stress
Matta, F. K., Scott, B. A., Colquitt, J. A., Koopman, J., & Passantino, L. G. (2017) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2014.0455 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
“For testingmoderatedmediation, we extended the above procedure to test indirect effects where the magnitude of the first-stage coefficientwas calculated at lower (21 SD) and higher (11 SD) values of the cross-level moderator (Koopman et al., 2016; Lanaj et al., 2014).”
Method
The Dark Side of Transformational Leader Behaviors for Leaders Themselves: A Conservation of Resources Perspective
Lin, S., Scott, B. A., & Matta, F. K. (2018) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2016.1255 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Protecting the Melatonin Rhythm through Circadian Healthy Light Exposure
Bonmatí‐Carrión, M., Argüelles-Prieto, R., Martínez-Madrid, M. J., Reiter, R. J., Hardeland, R., Rol, M. A., & Madrid, J. A. (2014) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms151223448 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
“To worsen the problem, the internet, email, video games and television also contribute to later bed times, as well as to expose to light-emitting diode (LED) screens, which have been shown to suppress melatonin secretion [87,88] and disrupt sleep [89].”
Background
My Family Made Me Do It: A Cross-Domain, Self-Regulatory Perspective on Antecedents to Abusive Supervision
Courtright, S. H., Gardner, R. G., Smith, T. A., McCormick, B. W., & Colbert, A. E. (2015) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2013.1009 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Voluntary Work‐related Technology Use during Non‐work Time: A Narrative Synthesis of Empirical Research and Research Agenda
Schlachter, S., McDowall, A., Cropley, M., & Inceoglu, I. (2017) · International Journal of Management Reviews · doi:10.1111/ijmr.12165 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
Linking Internet Communication and Smartphone Use Disorder by taking a closer look at the Facebook and WhatsApp applications
Sha, P., Sariyska, R., Riedl, R., Lachmann, B., & Montag, C. (2018) · Addictive Behaviors Reports · doi:10.1016/j.abrep.2018.100148 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Better together? Examining profiles of employee recovery experiences
Bennett, A. A., Gabriel, A. S., Calderwood, C., Dahling, J. J., & Trougakos, J. P. (2016) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000157 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
The benefits of receiving gratitude for helpers: A daily investigation of proactive and reactive helping at work.
Lee, H. W., Bradburn, J., Johnson, R. E., Lin, S., & Chang, C.-H. D. (2018) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000346 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Office Chitchat as a Social Ritual: The Uplifting Yet Distracting Effects of Daily Small Talk at Work
Methot, J. R., Rosado-Solomon, E., Downes, P. E., & Gabriel, A. S. (2020) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2018.1474 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
“Similarly, we controlled for afternoon negative social emotions (Kitayama et al., 2006) and afternoon ego depletion (Lanaj et al., 2014) as alternative mediating pathways because small talk may create discomfort (Collins, 2004); similar to our hypothesized effects of positive social emotions and…”
Background
Introduction to Special Topic Forum: Advancing and Expanding Work-Life Theory from Multiple Perspectives
Powell, G. N., Greenhaus, J. H., Allen, T. D., & Johnson, R. E. (2018) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.2018.0310 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
All wired, all tired? Work-related ICT-use outside work hours and work-to-home conflict: The role of integration preference, integration norms and work demands
Gadeyne, N., Verbruggen, M., Delanoeije, J., & Cooman, R. D. (2018) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2018.03.008 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Helping others or helping oneself? An episodic examination of the behavioral consequences of helping at work
Gabriel, A. S., Koopman, J., Rosen, C. C., & Johnson, R. E. (2017) · Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1111/peps.12229 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Work–Family Backlash: The “Dark Side” of Work–Life Balance (WLB) Policies
Perrigino, M. B., Dunford, B. B., & Wilson, K. S. (2018) · Academy of Management Annals · doi:10.5465/annals.2016.0077 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Locus of control and cell phone use: Implications for sleep quality, academic performance, and subjective well-being
Li, J., Lepp, A., & Barkley, J. E. (2015) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2015.06.021 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
“, 2012), poor sleep quality (Fossum et al., 2014; Lanaj et al., 2014; Lemola et al., 2015; Munezawa et al., 2011; Murdock, 2013; Thomée et al., 2011), decreased mental health (Beranuy et al.”
Background
Self-Control at Work
Lian, H., Yam, K. C., Ferris, D. L., & Brown, D. (2017) · Academy of Management Annals · doi:10.5465/annals.2015.0126 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Smartphone use and addiction during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: Cohort study on 184 Italian children and adolescents
Serra, G., Lo Scalzo, L., Giuffrè, M., Ferrara, P., & Corsello, G. (2021) · Italian Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1186/s13052-021-01102-8 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Cross-generational analysis of predictive factors of addictive behavior in smartphone usage
Zhitomirsky-Geffet, M., & Blau, M. (2016) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2016.07.061 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Carpe diem instead of losing your social mind: Beyond digital addiction and why we all suffer from digital overuse
Montag, C., & Walla, P. (2016) · Cogent Psychology · doi:10.1080/23311908.2016.1157281 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
“Overuse of smartphones is also associated with poor sleep and less work engagement the next day at work (Lanaj et al., 2014).”
Background
Unplugging or staying connected? Examining the nature, antecedents, and consequences of profiles of daily recovery experiences.
Chawla, N., MacGowan, R. L., Gabriel, A. S., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2019) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000423 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Is it Better to Give or Receive? The Role of Help in Buffering the Depleting Effects of Surface Acting
Uy, M. A., Lin, K. J., & Ilieș, R. (2016) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2015.0611 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Resilience: A Review Using a Grounded Integrated Occupational Approach
Kossek, E. E., & Perrigino, M. B. (2016) · Academy of Management Annals · doi:10.1080/19416520.2016.1159878 · Cited by 376 · see citing works
Avoidant attachment and smartphone addiction in college students: The mediating effects of anxiety and self-esteem
Kim, E., & Koh, E. (2018) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2018.02.037 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Prioritizing Sleep Health
Barnes, C. M., & Drake, C. L. (2015) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691615598509 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
“Recent research indicates that using such devices at night hinders sleep (Chang, Aeschbach, Duffy, & Czeisler, 2014; Lanaj et al., 2014).”
Background
Heavy Is the Head that Wears the Crown: An Actor-centric Approach to Daily Psychological Power, Abusive Leader Behavior, and Perceived Incivility
Foulk, T. A., Lanaj, K., Tu, M., Erez, A., & Archambeau, L. (2017) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2015.1061 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Serving You Depletes Me? A Leader-Centric Examination of Servant Leadership Behaviors
Liao, C., Lee, H. W., Johnson, R. E., & Lin, S. (2020) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206320906883 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
“In support of examining lagged relations, the effects of depletion have been shown in field studies to carry over from one day to the next (e.g., Johnson et al., 2014; Lanaj et al., 2014; Lin et al., 2016; Lin & Johnson, 2015).”
BackgroundResultInfluential
Accident risk associated with smartphone addiction: A study on university students in Korea
Kim, H.-J., Min, J., Kim, H., & Min, K. (2017) · Journal of Behavioral Addictions · doi:10.1556/2006.6.2017.070 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Monte Carlo Confidence Intervals for Complex Functions of Indirect Effects
Tofighi, D., & MacKinnon, D. P. (2015) · Structural Equation Modeling A Multidisciplinary Journal · doi:10.1080/10705511.2015.1057284 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Sleep quality and self-control capacity as protective resources in the daily emotional labor process: Results from two diary studies.
Diestel, S., Rivkin, W., & Schmidt, K. (2014) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0038373 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
“However, the underlying mechanism of diminished resources would still explain the effects of emotional dissonance on well-being, even when daily NA is high (see also Lanaj et al., 2014; p. 16).”
Background
The self‐regulatory consequences of dependence on intelligent machines at work: Evidence from field and experimental studies
Tang, P.-M., Koopman, J., Yam, K.-C., Cremer, D. D., Zhang, J. H., & Reynders, P. (2022) · Human Resource Management · doi:10.1002/hrm.22154 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Technology, Work, and Family: Digital Cultural Capital and Boundary Management
Ollier‐Malaterre, A., Jacobs, J. A., & Rothbard, N. P. (2019) · Annual Review of Sociology · doi:10.1146/annurev-soc-073018-022433 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Motivation in organizational behavior: History, advances and prospects
Kanfer, R., & Chen, G. (2016) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2016.06.002 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Not Too Tired to be Proactive: Daily Empowering Leadership Spurs Next-morning Employee Proactivity as Moderated by Nightly Sleep Quality
Schilpzand, P., Houston, L. N., & Cho, J. (2018) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2016.0936 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
The Race Towards Digital Wellbeing
Roffarello, A. M., & Russis, L. D. (2019) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3290605.3300616 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
“Unfortunately, despite many advantages and increasing opportunities for social support [44], the excessive usage of smartphones and online services often exhibits negative effects on mental health [27] and social interaction [31].”
Background
I can do it, so can you: The role of leader creative self-efficacy in facilitating follower creativity
Huang, L. V., Krasikova, D. V., & Liu, D. (2015) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2015.12.002 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
When daily planning improves employee performance: The importance of planning type, engagement, and interruptions.
Parke, M. R., Weinhardt, J. M., Brodsky, A., Tangirala, S., & DeVoe, S. E. (2017) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000278 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Self−leadership in the context of part−time teleworking.
Müller, T., & Niessen, C. (2019) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.2371 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Boxed in by your inbox: Implications of daily e-mail demands for managers’ leadership behaviors.
Rosen, C. C., Simon, L., Gajendran, R. S., Johnson, R. E., Lee, H. W., & Lin, S. (2018) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000343 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
The effects of smartphones on well-being: theoretical integration and research agenda
Kushlev, K., & Leitao, M. R. (2020) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2020.05.001 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
“From this perspective, smartphones can negatively impact well-being primarily by reducing the time we spend doing other activities that are essential for well-being, such as sleeping [18,19,20] or socializing [21].”
Achieving Digital Wellbeing Through Digital Self-control Tools: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Roffarello, A. M., & De Russis, L. (2023) · ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction · doi:10.1145/3571810 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
“Several experiments and studies from diferent communities, including HCI, demonstrate that devices and online services like social networks can even promote behaviors that resembles real addictions, to the point of interfering with people’s mental health [122] and social interactions [66, 216].”
Background
Why do employees have better family lives when they are highly engaged at work?
Ilieș, R., Liu, X., Liu, Y., & Zheng, X. (2017) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000211 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Sleep quality as a mediator of problematic smartphone use and clinical health symptoms
Xie, X., Dong, Y. H., & Wang, J. (2018) · Journal of Behavioral Addictions · doi:10.1556/2006.7.2018.40 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Customer Mistreatment: A Review of Conceptualizations and a Multilevel Theoretical Model
Koopmann, J. M., Wang, M., Liu, Y., & Song, Y. (2015) · Research in occupational stress and well being · doi:10.1108/s1479-355520150000013002 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
“In addition, Lanaj, Johnson, and Barnes (2014) have demonstrated that when employees did not get enough sleep the previous night they felt depleted in the morning and were D ow nl oa de d by U ni ve rs ity o f Fl or id a, M s Ja cl yn K oo pm an n A t 1 0: 38 1 0 Ju ne 2 01 5 (P T ) subsequently…”
Background
Authentic leadership and leaders' mental well-being: An experience sampling study
Weiß, M., Razinskas, S., Backmann, J., & Hoegl, M. (2017) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2017.05.007 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Towards Homo Digitalis: Important Research Issues for Psychology and the Neurosciences at the Dawn of the Internet of Things and the Digital Society
Montag, C., & Diefenbach, S. (2018) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su10020415 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
“Note that a study by Lanaj et al. showed that the here described effects are bit more complex though [52].”
Is digital technology the magic bullet for performing work at home? Lessons learned for post COVID-19 recovery in hospitality management
Chadee, D. D., Ren, S., & Tang, G. (2020) · International Journal of Hospitality Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102718 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Thriving at work but insomniac at home: Understanding the relationship between supervisor bottom-line mentality and employee functioning
Babalola, M. T., Ren, S., Ogbonnaya, C. N., Riisla, K., Soetan, G. T., & Gok, K. (2020) · Human Relations · doi:10.1177/0018726720978687 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
“Instead, employees may continuously attend to work-related matters even while in bed, which can disrupt their sleep quality (Lanaj et al., 2014).”
Background
Work from home today for a better tomorrow! How working from home influences work‐family conflict and employees' start of the next workday
Darouei, M., & Pluut, H. (2021) · Stress and Health · doi:10.1002/smi.3053 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Regulatory job stressors and their within-person relationships with ego depletion: The roles of state anxiety, self-control effort, and job autonomy
Prem, R., Kubicek, B., Diestel, S., & Korunka, C. (2015) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2015.11.004 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Take a break! Benefits of sleep and short breaks for daily work engagement
Kühnel, J., Zacher, H., de Bloom, J., & Bledow, R. (2016) · European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1080/1359432x.2016.1269750 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
“In two daily diary studies, Lanaj et al. (2014) did not find significant direct relationships between day-specific sleep duration and work engagement, but showed that day-specific sleep duration was negatively related to morning ego depletion (i.e., shorter sleep was associated with low…”
Unpacking Virtual Work's Dual Effects on Employee Well-Being: An Integrative Review and Future Research Agenda
Hill, N. S., Axtell, C. M., Raghuram, S., & Nurmi, N. (2022) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/01492063221131535 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
“…using mobile technologies to connect to work anytime and from anywhere may extend employees ’ work hours, increasing emotional exhaustion (e.g., Lanaj, Johnson, & Barnes, 2014), but it may also increase work – family balance by providing ﬂ exibility to attend to work and family demands (e.g.,…”
Background
Helping employees sleep well: Effects of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia on work outcomes.
Barnes, C. M., Miller, J., & Bostock, S. (2016) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000154 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
“State self-control was measured with five items used by Lanaj et al. (2014), which were originally drawn from the longer Twenge, Muraven, and Tice (2004) State SelfControl Capacity Scale.”
Method
Eating your feelings? Testing a model of employees’ work-related stressors, sleep quality, and unhealthy eating.
Liu, Y., Song, Y., Koopmann, J. M., Wang, M., Chang, C.-H. D., & Shi, J. (2017) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000209 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
From cognitive overload to digital detox: Psychological implications of telework during the COVID-19 pandemic
Schmitt, J. B., Breuer, J., & Wulf, T. (2021) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2021.106899 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Coming back to work in the morning: Psychological detachment and reattachment as predictors of work engagement.
Sonnentag, S., & Kühnel, J. (2016) · Journal of Occupational Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/ocp0000020 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Egoistic norms, organizational identification, and the perceived ethicality of unethical pro-organizational behavior: A moral maturation perspective
Graham, K. A., Resick, C. J., Margolis, J. A., Shao, P., Hargis, M. B., & Kiker, J. D. (2020) · Human Relations · doi:10.1177/0018726719862851 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
“Several studies (e.g. Lanaj et al., 2014; Lee et al., 2014) have successfully used MTurk to access a cross-organizational, cross-occupational sample of working adults.”
Method
Why healthy sleep is good for business
Barnes, C. M., & Watson, N. F. (2019) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2019.07.005 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Resetting the Clock on Dynamic Leader Behaviors: A Conceptual Integration and Agenda for Future Research
McClean, S. T., Barnes, C. M., Courtright, S. H., & Johnson, R. E. (2019) · Academy of Management Annals · doi:10.5465/annals.2017.0081 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Energizing leaders via self-reflection: A within-person field experiment.
Lanaj, K., Foulk, T. A., & Erez, A. (2018) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000350 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
How Other- and Self-Compassion Reduce Burnout through Resource Replenishment
Schabram, K., & Heng, Y. T. (2021) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2019.0493 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Work-Related Smartphone Use and Well-Being in the Evening
Ohly, S., & Latour, A. (2014) · Journal of Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1027/1866-5888/a000114 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
A task-level perspective on work engagement: A new approach that helps to differentiate the concepts of engagement and burnout
Sonnentag, S. (2017) · Burnout Research · doi:10.1016/j.burn.2017.04.001 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Adverse consequences of excessive social networking site use on academic performance: Explaining underlying mechanism from stress perspective
Masood, A., Luqman, A., Feng, Y., & Ali, A. (2020) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2020.106476 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Do the Hustle! Empowerment from Side-Hustles and Its Effects on Full-Time Work Performance
Sessions, H., Nahrgang, J. D., Vaulont, M. J., Williams, R., & Bartels, A. L. (2021) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2018.0164 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Mobile phone addiction and cognitive failures in daily life: The mediating roles of sleep duration and quality and the moderating role of trait self-regulation
Hong, W., Liu, R., Ding, Y., Sheng, X., & Zhen, R. (2020) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106383 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
When do you procrastinate? Sleep quality and social sleep lag jointly predict self‐regulatory failure at work
Kühnel, J., Bledow, R., & Feuerhahn, N. (2016) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.2084 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
“Future research is thus needed that not only measures verbal manifestations of self-regulation (for instance, with questionnaire scales on selfcontrol strenghts similar to what was done by, e.g., Lanaj et al., 2014), but implicit and physiological measures as well.”
Method
Why Don’t You Go to Bed on Time? A Daily Diary Study on the Relationships between Chronotype, Self-Control Resources and the Phenomenon of Bedtime Procrastination
Kühnel, J., Syrek, C. J., & Dreher, A. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00077 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
“We used the five item short-version of Lanaj et al. (2014).”
Method
Identifying ICT-Related Affective Events Across Life Domains and Examining their Unique Relationships with Employee Recovery
Braukmann, J. M., Schmitt, A., Ďuranová, L., & Ohly, S. (2017) · Journal of Business and Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10869-017-9508-7 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
“In addition, recent studies have linked late-night ICT use to sleep (Barber & Jenkins, 2014; Lanaj et al., 2014) and showed that work-family conflict is related to lower sleep quantity and quality (Crain et al., 2014).”
Background
Burnout and self‐regulation failure: A diary study of self‐undermining and job crafting among nurses
Roczniewska, M. A., & Bakker, A. B. (2021) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.14872 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Sleeping with the frenemy: How restricting ‘bedroom use’of smartphones impacts happiness and wellbeing
Hughes, N., & Burke, J. (2018) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2018.03.047 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Emotional Mechanisms Linking Incivility at Work to Aggression and Withdrawal at Home: An Experience-Sampling Study
Lim, S., Ilieș, R., Koopman, J., Christoforou, P. T., & Arvey, R. D. (2016) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206316654544 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
“We tested this hypothesis again following the method recommended by Preacher et al. (2010) and recently implemented by Lanaj et al. (2014).”
MethodResult
Enjoy your evening, be proactive tomorrow: How off-job experiences shape daily proactivity.
Ouyang, K., Cheng, B. H., Lam, W., & Parker, S. K. (2019) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000391 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Why and when job stressors impact voice behaviour: An ego depletion perspective
Xia, Y., Schyns, B., & Zhang, L. (2019) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.11.053 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
More is less: Learning but not relaxing buffers deviance under job stressors.
Zhang, C., Mayer, D. M., & Hwang, E. B. (2017) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000264 · Cited by 103 · see citing works

Self‐Control: Self‐Regulation and Impulse Control
Johnson, B. K. (2020) · The International Encyclopedia of Media Psychology · doi:10.1002/9781119011071.iemp0252 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Understanding and Overcoming Self‐control Depletion
Masicampo, E. J., Martin, S. R., & Anderson, R. A. (2014) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/spc3.12139 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Self-affirmation and self-control: Affirming core values counteracts ego depletion.
Schmeichel, B. J., & Vohs, K. (2009) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0014635 · Cited by 602 · see citing works
Erratum to “Motivation, personal beliefs, and limited resources all contribute to self-control”
Vohs, K. D., Baumeister, R. F., & Schmeichel, B. J. (2012) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2012.08.007 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Mechanisms of Self-Control Failure: Motivation and Limited Resources
Muraven, M., & Slessareva, E. (2003) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167203029007008 · Cited by 764 · see citing works

Authors: Lanaj, K., Johnson, R. E., & Barnes, C. M.
Affiliations: University of Florida (US)
Michigan State University (US)
University of Washington (US)
Corresponding author: Lanaj, Klodiana
ORCID: Lanaj, Klodiana
Johnson, Russell E.
Barnes, Christopher M.
Venue: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2014-05
Volume: 124
Issue: 1
Pages: 11-23
ISSN: 0749-5978 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.obhdp.2014.01.001
OpenAlex: W1978220113
Cited by: 738
References: 106
Citations by year: 2026: 56 · 2025: 73 · 2024: 60 · 2023: 81 · 2022: 71 · 2021: 81 · 2020: 67 · 2019: 68 · 2018: 58 · 2017: 53 · 2016: 42 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 7
FWCI: 113.08
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
figshare.com
Licence: cc-by
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes (publishedVersion)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Topics: Social Sciences › Demography › Cyberloafing and Workplace Behavior
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Workaholism, burnout, and well-being
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Work-Family Balance Challenges
Keywords: smartphone use, ego depletion, work engagement, sleep, regulatory resources, job control, digital technology use, work-life boundaries, employee well-being

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Beginning the workday yet already depleted? Consequences of late-night smartphone use and sleep

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks