Microbial shifts in the aging mouse gut
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: The changes that occur in the microbiome of aging individuals are unclear, especially in light of the imperfect correlation of frailty with age. Studies in older human subjects have reported subtle effects, but these results may be confounded by other variables that often change with age such as diet and place of residence. To test these associations in a more controlled model system, we examined the relationship between age, frailty, and the gut microbiome of female C57BL/6 J mice. RESULTS: The frailty index, which is based on the evaluation of 31 clinical signs of deterioration in mice, showed a near-perfect correlation with age. We observed a statistically significant relationship between age and the taxonomic composition of the corresponding microbiome. Consistent with previous human studies, the Rikenellaceae family, which includes the Alistipes genus, was the most significantly overrepresented taxon within middle-aged and older mice. The functional profile of the mouse gut microbiome also varied with host age and frailty. Bacterial-encoded functions that were underrepresented in older mice included cobalamin (B12) and biotin (B7) biosynthesis, and bacterial SOS genes associated with DNA repair. Conversely, creatine degradation, associated with muscle wasting, was overrepresented within the gut microbiomes of the older mice, as were bacterial-encoded β-glucuronidases, which can influence drug-induced epithelial cell toxicity. Older mice also showed an overabundance of monosaccharide utilization genes relative to di-, oligo-, and polysaccharide utilization genes, which may have a substantial impact on gut homeostasis. CONCLUSION: We have identified taxonomic and functional patterns that correlate with age and frailty in the mouse microbiome. Differences in functions related to host nutrition and drug pharmacology vary in an age-dependent manner, suggesting that the availability and timing of essential functions may differ significantly with age and frailty. Future work with larger cohorts of mice will aim to separate the effects of age and frailty, and other factors.
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The phenomenon of age-related gut microbiota change exists simultaneously in species such as Drosophila, fish, mice, rats, and humans.
“Moreover, this phenomenon exists simultaneously in species such as Drosophila,219 fish,220 mice,221 rats,222 and humans.223”
From Inflammation and aging: signaling pathways and intervention therapies (2023) · cites this paper as [221]
Changes in the aging intestinal microbiota can adversely affect host metabolism and immunity and are associated with development of cardiovascular, autoimmune, metabolic, and neurodegenerative disorders.
“These changes can adversely affect the host metabolism and immunity [25–27, 40, 64, 86, 110, 112, 118] and are associated with the development of cardiovascular, autoimmune, metabolic, and neurodegenerative disorders [17, 90, 122, 132].”
From Fecal microbiota transfer between young and aged mice reverses hallmarks of the aging gut, eye, and brain (2022) · cites this paper as [64]
Advancing age is characterized by a dysbiosis of gut microbiota.
“In later years (> 65 years), however, the proclivity for aberrant changes in microbial composition appears to accelerate [13–15].”
From Gut Microbiota Contribute to Age-Related Changes in Skeletal Muscle Size, Composition, and Function: Biological Basis for a Gut-Muscle Axis (2018) · cites this paper as [13]
In later years (>65 years), the proclivity for aberrant changes in microbial composition appears to accelerate.
“In later years (> 65 years), however, the proclivity for aberrant changes in microbial composition appears to accelerate [13–15].”
From Gut Microbiota Contribute to Age-Related Changes in Skeletal Muscle Size, Composition, and Function: Biological Basis for a Gut-Muscle Axis (2018) · cites this paper as [13]
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- Authors
- Langille, M. G., Meehan, C. J., Koenig, J. E., Dhanani, A. S., Rose, R. A., Howlett, S. E., & Beiko, R. G.
- Affiliations
- Dalhousie University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Langille, Morgan GI
- Beiko, Robert G
- ORCID
- Venue
- Microbiome
- Published
- 2014-12
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 50-50
- ISSN
- 2049-2618 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4269096
- OpenAlex
- W2142942734
- Cited by
- 437
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 43 · 2023: 39 · 2022: 57 · 2021: 60 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 40 · 2017: 42 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 4 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 9.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Microbiome (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (publishedVersion)
- Bradford Scholars (University of Bradford) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Canada Research Chairs
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (126018, MOP126018, 93718, MOP 93718)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Frailty in Older Adults
- Keywords
- gut microbiota, aging, frailty, frailty index, Rikenellaceae, Alistipes, vitamin B12 biosynthesis, biotin biosynthesis, muscle atrophy, beta-glucuronidase, C57BL/6J mice, functional metagenomics
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