Pubertal hormones modulate the addition of new cells to sexually dimorphic brain regions
Open accessAbstract
New cells, including neurons, arise in several brain regions during puberty in rats. Sex differences in pubertal addition of cells coincide with adult sexual dimorphisms: for each region, the sex that gains more cells during puberty has a larger volume in adulthood. Removing gonadal hormones before puberty eliminates these sex differences, indicating that gonadal steroids direct the addition of new cells during puberty to maintain and accentuate sexual dimorphisms in the adult brain.
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Gonadal hormones shape brain structure, function, and gene expression networks that could influence stress responses.
“Although the cause of these differences is unknown, other studies show that gonadal hormones shape brain structure (23–26), function (27), and gene expression networks (28) that could influence stress responses.”
From Sexual differentiation of neural mechanisms of stress sensitivity during puberty (2023) · cites this paper as [23]
Steroid hormones alter brain development during puberty.
“Steroid hormones alter brain development during puberty (23, 25, 27)”
From Sexual differentiation of neural mechanisms of stress sensitivity during puberty (2023) · cites this paper as [23]
Sex differences in MTL volume changes (mean increases in boys, significant decreases in girls with progression of puberty) may be related to sex differences in the number of new cells added to the amygdala during puberty.
“Mean volume increases in MTL volume in boys but statistically significant decreases in girls with the progression of puberty may be related to sex differences in the number of new cells added to the amygdala during puberty.”
From Puberty influences medial temporal lobe and cortical gray matter maturation differently in boys than girls matched for sexual maturity (2011) · cites this paper as Ahmed et al. 2008
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- Authors
- Ahmed, E. I., Zehr, J. L., Schulz, K. M., Lorenz, B. H., DonCarlos, L. L., & Sisk, C. L.
- Affiliations
- Michigan State University (US)
- Loyola University Chicago (US)
- Corresponding author
- Sisk, Cheryl L
- Venue
- Nature Neuroscience
- Published
- 2008-08-17
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 995-997
- ISSN
- 1097-6256 (ISSN-L)
- 1546-1726
- PMC
- PMC2772186
- OpenAlex
- W1989826158
- Cited by
- 396
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 75 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 28
- FWCI
- 5.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Mental Health (F31MH070125, R01MH068764, R01MH062588, F32MH068975)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Keywords
- sexual dimorphism, pubertal hormones, sex steroids, cell proliferation, postnatal brain development, gonadectomy, brain volume, sex differences in brain structure
- MeSH terms
- Age Factors, Aging, Animals, Animals, Newborn, Brain, Bromodeoxyuridine, Castration, Cell Count, Female, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, Male, Phosphopyruvate Hydratase, Random Allocation, Sex Characteristics, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Rats, Neurogenesis
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