Cited by 316Sexual Differentiation and DisordersHypothalamic control of reproductive hormonesNeuroendocrine regulation and behavior

The organizing actions of adolescent gonadal steroid hormones on brain and behavioral development

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Schulz, Kalynn M., Sisk, Cheryl L.·2016·Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

Abstract

Adolescence is a developmental period characterized by dramatic changes in cognition, risk-taking and social behavior. Although gonadal steroid hormones are well-known mediators of these behaviors in adulthood, the role gonadal steroid hormones play in shaping the adolescent brain and behavioral development has only come to light in recent years. Here we discuss the sex-specific impact of gonadal steroid hormones on the developing adolescent brain. Indeed, the effects of gonadal steroid hormones during adolescence on brain structure and behavioral outcomes differs markedly between the sexes. Research findings suggest that adolescence, like the perinatal period, is a sensitive period for the sex-specific effects of gonadal steroid hormones on brain and behavioral development. Furthermore, evidence from studies on male sexual behavior suggests that adolescence is part of a protracted postnatal sensitive period that begins perinatally and ends following adolescence. As such, the perinatal and peripubertal periods of brain and behavioral organization likely do not represent two discrete sensitive periods, but instead are the consequence of normative developmental timing of gonadal hormone secretions in males and females.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.07.036

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  • Gonadal hormones shape brain structure, function, and gene expression networks that could influence stress responses.

    “Although the cause of these differences is unknown, other studies show that gonadal hormones shape brain structure (23–26), function (27), and gene expression networks (28) that could influence stress responses.”

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  1. Johnston RE 1970 Scent marking, olfactory communication and social behavior in the golden hamster, Mesocricetus auratus. Ph. D. Dissertation Rockefeller New York

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Authors
Schulz, K. M., & Sisk, C. L.
Affiliations
  • University of Tennessee at Knoxville (US)
  • Michigan State University (US)
Corresponding author
Sisk, Cheryl L.
Venue
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2016-11
Volume
70
Pages
148-158
ISSN
0149-7634 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2482212044
Cited by
316
References
94
Citations by year
2026: 30 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 64 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 7
FWCI
2.26
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • NIH R01 (MH090091)
  • R01 (MH068764)
  • IK2 (BX001562)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
Keywords
sex steroids, adolescent brain development, sex differences, sensitive period, perinatal hormone exposure, puberty, behavioral development, male sexual behavior, brain structure, risk-taking, social behavior
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Brain, Humans, Risk-Taking, Gonadal Steroid Hormones, Social Behavior, Adolescent Development

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