Discriminating self from non-self in nucleic acid sensing

A Toll-like receptor recognizes bacterial DNA

Hemmi, H., Takeuchi, O., Kawai, T., Kaisho, T., Sato, S., Sanjo, H., Matsumoto, M., Hoshino, K., Wagner, H., Takeda, K., et al. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35047123 · Cited by 6,491

Recognition of double-stranded RNA and activation of NF-κB by Toll-like receptor 3

Alexopoulou, L., Holt, A. C., Medzhitov, R., & Flavell, R. A. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35099560 · Cited by 6,129

Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase Is a Cytosolic DNA Sensor That Activates the Type I Interferon Pathway

Sun, L., Wu, J., Du, F., Chen, X., & Chen, Z. J. (2013) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1232458 · Cited by 4,996

Species-specific recognition of single-stranded RNA via toll-like receptor 7 and 8

Heil, F., Hemmi, H., Hochrein, H., Ampenberger, F., Kirschning, C., Akira, S., Lipford, G., Wagner, H., & Bauer, S. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1093620 · Cited by 3,947

The RNA helicase RIG-I has an essential function in double-stranded RNA-induced innate antiviral responses

Yoneyama, M., Kikuchi, M., Natsukawa, T., Shinobu, N., Imaizumi, T., Miyagishi, M., Taira, K., Akira, S., & Fujita, T. (2004) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni1087 · Cited by 3,929

Differential roles of MDA5 and RIG-I helicases in the recognition of RNA viruses

Kato, H., Takeuchi, O., Sato, S., Yoneyama, M., Yamamoto, M., Matsui, K., Uematsu, S., Jung, A., Kawai, T., Ishii, K. J., et al. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04734 · Cited by 3,888 · cited 2×

CpG motifs in bacterial DNA trigger direct B-cell activation

Krieg, A. M., Yi, A.-K., Matson, S., Waldschmidt, T. J., Bishop, G. A., Teasdale, R., Koretzky, G. A., & Klinman, D. M. (1995) · Nature · doi:10.1038/374546a0 · Cited by 3,508

Innate antiviral responses by means of TLR7-mediated recognition of single-stranded RNA

Diebold, S. S., Kaisho, T., Hemmi, H., Akira, S., & Reis e Sousa, C. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1093616 · Cited by 3,444

STING regulates intracellular DNA-mediated, type I interferon-dependent innate immunity

Ishikawa, H., Ma, Z., & Barber, G. N. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08476 · Cited by 2,759

Suppression of RNA Recognition by Toll-like Receptors: The Impact of Nucleoside Modification and the Evolutionary Origin of RNA

Karikó, K., Buckstein, M., Ni, H., & Weissman, D. (2005) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2005.06.008 · Cited by 2,728

AIM2 recognizes cytosolic dsDNA and forms a caspase-1-activating inflammasome with ASC

Hornung, V., Ablasser, A., Charrel-Dennis, M., Bauernfeind, F., Horvath, G., Caffrey, D. R., Latz, E., & Fitzgerald, K. A. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07725 · Cited by 2,627

Cyclic GMP-AMP Is an Endogenous Second Messenger in Innate Immune Signaling by Cytosolic DNA

Wu, J., Sun, L., Chen, X., Du, F., Shi, H., Chen, C., & Chen, Z. J. (2013) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1229963 · Cited by 2,541

5'-Triphosphate RNA Is the Ligand for RIG-I

Hornung, V., Ellegast, J., Kim, S., Brzózka, K., Jung, A., Kato, H., Poeck, H., Akira, S., Conzelmann, K.-K., Schlee, M., et al. (2006) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1132505 · Cited by 2,474

AIM2 activates the inflammasome and cell death in response to cytoplasmic DNA

Fernandes-Alnemri, T., Yu, J.-W., Datta, P., Wu, J., & Alnemri, E. S. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07710 · Cited by 1,831

CGAS produces a 2′-5′-linked cyclic dinucleotide second messenger that activates STING.

Ablasser, A., Goldeck, M., Cavlar, T., Deimling, T., Witte, G., Röhl, I., Hopfner, K.-P., Ludwig, J., & Hornung, V. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12306 · Cited by 1,695

IFI16 is an innate immune sensor for intracellular DNA

Unterholzner, L., Keating, S. E., Baran, M., Horan, K. A., Jensen, S. B., Sharma, S., Sirois, C. M., Jin, T., Latz, E., Xiao, T. S., et al. (2010) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.1932 · Cited by 1,643

Length-dependent recognition of double-stranded ribonucleic acids by retinoic acid–inducible gene-I and melanoma differentiation–associated gene 5

Kato, H., Takeuchi, O., Mikamo-Satoh, E., Hirai, R., Kawai, T., Matsushita, K., Hiiragi, A., Dermody, T. S., Fujita, T., & Akira, S. (2008) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20080091 · Cited by 1,599

STING is a direct innate immune sensor of cyclic di-GMP

Burdette, D. L., Monroe, K. M., Sotelo-Troha, K., Iwig, J. S., Eckert, B., Hyodo, M., Hayakawa, Y., & Vance, R. E. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10429 · Cited by 1,570

The Adaptor Protein MITA Links Virus-Sensing Receptors to IRF3 Transcription Factor Activation

Zhong, B., Yang, Y., Li, S., Wang, Y.-Y., Li, Y., Diao, F., Lei, C., He, X., Zhang, L., Tien, P., et al. (2008) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2008.09.003 · Cited by 1,519

Activated STING in a Vascular and Pulmonary Syndrome

Liu, Y., Jesus, A. A., Marrero, B., Yang, D., Ramsey, S. E., Montealegre Sanchez, G. A., Tenbrock, K., Wittkowski, H., Jones, O. Y., Kuehn, H. S., et al. (2014) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1312625 · Cited by 1,412

The AIM2 inflammasome is essential for host defense against cytosolic bacteria and DNA viruses

Rathinam, V. A. K., Jiang, Z., Waggoner, S. N., Sharma, S., Cole, L. E., Waggoner, L., Vanaja, S. K., Monks, B. G., Ganesan, S., Latz, E., et al. (2010) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.1864 · Cited by 1,331

Trex1 prevents cell-intrinsic initiation of autoimmunity

Stetson, D. B., Ko, J. S., Heidmann, T., & Medzhitov, R. (2008) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2008.06.032 · Cited by 1,280

Sequence-dependent stimulation of the mammalian innate immune response by synthetic siRNA

Judge, A. D., Sood, V., Shaw, J. R., Fang, D., McClintock, K., & MacLachlan, I. (2005) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt1081 · Cited by 1,250

Sequence-specific potent induction of IFN-α by short interfering RNA in plasmacytoid dendritic cells through TLR7

Hornung, V., Guenthner-Biller, M., Bourquin, C., Ablasser, A., Schlee, M., Uematsu, S., Noronha, A., Manoharan, M., Akira, S., de Fougerolles, A., et al. (2005) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1191 · Cited by 1,232

Innate Immune Sensing and Signaling of Cytosolic Nucleic Acids

Wu, J., & Chen, Z. J. (2014) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-032713-120156 · Cited by 1,183

RNA Polymerase III Detects Cytosolic DNA and Induces Type I Interferons through the RIG-I Pathway

Chiu, Y.-H., MacMillan, J. B., & Chen, Z. J. (2009) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2009.06.015 · Cited by 1,174

Essential role of mda-5 in type I IFN responses to polyriboinosinic:polyribocytidylic acid and encephalomyocarditis picornavirus

Gitlin, L., Barchet, W., Gilfillan, S., Cella, M., Beutler, B., Flavell, R. A., Diamond, M. S., & Colonna, M. (2006) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0603082103 · Cited by 1,169

Pivotal Roles of cGAS-cGAMP Signaling in Antiviral Defense and Immune Adjuvant Effects

Li, X.-D., Wu, J., Gao, D., Wang, H., Sun, L., & Chen, Z. J. (2013) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1244040 · Cited by 1,113

Cyclic [G(2′,5′)pA(3′,5′)p] is the metazoan second messenger produced by DNA-activated cyclic GMP-AMP synthase.

Gao, P., Ascano, M., Wu, Y., Barchet, W., Gaffney, B. L., Zillinger, T., Serganov, A. A., Liu, Y., Jones, R. A., Hartmann, G., et al. (2013) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2013.04.046 · Cited by 1,101

An orthogonal proteomic-genomic screen identifies AIM2 as a cytoplasmic DNA sensor for the inflammasome

Bürckstümmer, T., Baumann, C., Blüml, S., Dixit, E., Dürnberger, G., Jahn, H., Planyavsky, M., Bilban, M., Colinge, J., Bennett, K. L., et al. (2009) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.1702 · Cited by 1,091

Recognition of Cytosolic DNA Activates an IRF3-Dependent Innate Immune Response

Stetson, D. B., & Medzhitov, R. (2006) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2005.12.003 · Cited by 1,008

Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase Is an Innate Immune Sensor of HIV and Other Retroviruses

Gao, D., Wu, J., Wu, Y.-T., Du, F., Aroh, C., Yan, N., Sun, L., & Chen, Z. J. (2013) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1240933 · Cited by 992

RNA editing by ADAR1 prevents MDA5 sensing of endogenous dsRNA as nonself

Liddicoat, B. J., Piskol, R., Chalk, A. M., Ramaswami, G., Higuchi, M., Hartner, J. C., Li, J. B., Seeburg, P. H., & Walkley, C. R. (2015) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aac7049 · Cited by 955

Double-Stranded RNA Is Produced by Positive-Strand RNA Viruses and DNA Viruses but Not in Detectable Amounts by Negative-Strand RNA Viruses

Weber, F., Wagner, V., Rasmussen, S. B., Hartmann, R., & Paludan, S. R. (2006) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.80.10.5059-5064.2006 · Cited by 954

2′-O methylation of the viral mRNA cap evades host restriction by IFIT family members

Daffis, S., Szretter, K. J., Schriewer, J., Li, J., Youn, S., Errett, J., Lin, T.-Y., Schneller, S., Zust, R., Dong, H., et al. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09489 · Cited by 907

RIG-I-dependent sensing of poly(dA:dT) through the induction of an RNA polymerase III–transcribed RNA intermediate

Ablasser, A., Bauernfeind, F., Hartmann, G., Latz, E., Fitzgerald, K. A., & Hornung, V. (2009) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.1779 · Cited by 893

Structural mechanism of cytosolic DNA sensing by cGAS

Civril, F., Deimling, T., de Oliveira Mann, C. C., Ablasser, A., Moldt, M., Witte, G., Hornung, V., & Hopfner, K.-P. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12305 · Cited by 884

Ribose 2'-O-methylation provides a molecular signature for the distinction of self and non-self mRNA dependent on the RNA sensor Mda5

Züst, R., Cervantes-Barragan, L., Habjan, M., Maier, R., Neuman, B. W., Ziebuhr, J., Szretter, K. J., Baker, S. C., Barchet, W., Diamond, M. S., et al. (2011) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.1979 · Cited by 811

Features of systemic lupus erythematosus in Dnase1-deficient mice

Napirei, M., Karsunky, H., Zevnik, B., Stephan, H., Mannherz, H. G., & Möröy, T. (2000) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/76032 · Cited by 789

Recognition of 5′ Triphosphate by RIG-I Helicase Requires Short Blunt Double-Stranded RNA as Contained in Panhandle of Negative-Strand Virus

Schlee, M., Roth, A., Hornung, V., Hagmann, C. A., Wimmenauer, V., Barchet, W., Coch, C., Janke, M., Mihailovic, A., Wardle, G., et al. (2009) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2009.05.008 · Cited by 789

A Toll-like receptor–independent antiviral response induced by double-stranded B-form DNA

Ishii, K. J., Coban, C., Kato, H., Takahashi, K., Torii, Y., Takeshita, F., Ludwig, H., Sutter, G., Suzuki, K., Hemmi, H., et al. (2006) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni1282 · Cited by 775

Innate immunity induced by composition-dependent RIG-I recognition of hepatitis C virus RNA

Saito, T., Owen, D. M., Jiang, F., Marcotrigiano, J., & Gale, M. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07106 · Cited by 744

Subcellular Localization of Toll-Like Receptor 3 in Human Dendritic Cells

Matsumoto, M., Funami, K., Tanabe, M., Oshiumi, H., Shingai, M., Seto, Y., Yamamoto, A., & Seya, T. (2003) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.171.6.3154 · Cited by 707

IFI16 Acts as a Nuclear Pathogen Sensor to Induce the Inflammasome in Response to Kaposi Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Infection

Kerur, N., Veettil, M. V., Sharma-Walia, N., Bottero, V., Sadagopan, S., Otageri, P., & Chandran, B. (2011) · Cell Host & Microbe · doi:10.1016/j.chom.2011.04.008 · Cited by 702

Structural Basis for the Activation of Innate Immune Pattern-Recognition Receptor RIG-I by Viral RNA

Kowalinski, E., Lunardi, T., McCarthy, A. A., Louber, J., Brunel, J., Grigorov, B., Gerlier, D., & Cusack, S. (2011) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2011.09.039 · Cited by 689

Activation of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase by self-DNA causes autoimmune diseases

Gao, D., Li, T., Li, X.-D., Chen, X., Li, Q.-Z., Wight-Carter, M., & Chen, Z. J. (2015) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1516465112 · Cited by 685

The Adaptor MAVS Promotes NLRP3 Mitochondrial Localization and Inflammasome Activation

Subramanian, N., Natarajan, K., Clatworthy, M. R., Wang, Z., & Germain, R. N. (2013) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2013.02.054 · Cited by 678

Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase Is Activated by Double-Stranded DNA-Induced Oligomerization

Li, X., Shu, C., Yi, G., Chaton, C. T., Shelton, C. L., Diao, J., Zuo, X., Kao, C. C., Herr, A. B., & Li, P. (2013) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2013.10.019 · Cited by 654

Small self-RNA generated by RNase L amplifies antiviral innate immunity

Malathi, K., Dong, B., Gale, M., & Silverman, R. H. (2007) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature06042 · Cited by 637

Mechanism and Function of a Newly Identified CpG DNA Motif in Human Primary B Cells

Hartmann, G., & Krieg, A. M. (2000) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.164.2.944 · Cited by 605

Characterization of human disease phenotypes associated with mutations in TREX1, RNASEH2A, RNASEH2B, RNASEH2C, SAMHD1, ADAR, and IFIH1

Crow, Y. J., Chase, D. S., Lowenstein Schmidt, J., Szynkiewicz, M., Forte, G. M. A., Gornall, H. L., Oojageer, A., Anderson, B., Pizzino, A., Helman, G., et al. (2015) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A · doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.36887 · Cited by 595

Structures of the HIN Domain:DNA Complexes Reveal Ligand Binding and Activation Mechanisms of the AIM2 Inflammasome and IFI16 Receptor

Jin, T., Perry, A., Jiang, J., Smith, P., Curry, J. A., Unterholzner, L., Jiang, Z., Horvath, G., Rathinam, V. A., Johnstone, R. W., et al. (2012) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2012.02.014 · Cited by 574

Structural Basis for dsRNA Recognition, Filament Formation, and Antiviral Signal Activation by MDA5

Wu, B., Peisley, A., Richards, C., Yao, H., Zeng, X., Lin, C., Chu, F., Walz, T., & Hur, S. (2013) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2012.11.048 · Cited by 569

Antiviral immunity via RIG-I-mediated recognition of RNA bearing 5'-diphosphates

Goubau, D., Schlee, M., Deddouche, S., Pruijssers, A. J., Zillinger, T., Goldeck, M., Schuberth, C., Van der Veen, A. G., Fujimura, T., Rehwinkel, J., et al. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature13590 · Cited by 557 · cited 1×

The N-Ethyl-N-Nitrosourea-Induced Goldenticket Mouse Mutant Reveals an Essential Function of Sting in the In Vivo Interferon Response to Listeria monocytogenes and Cyclic Dinucleotides

Sauer, J.-D., Sotelo-Troha, K., von Moltke, J., Monroe, K. M., Rae, C. S., Brubaker, S. W., Hyodo, M., Hayakawa, Y., Woodward, J. J., Portnoy, D. A., et al. (2011) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.00999-10 · Cited by 539

Recognition of RNA virus by RIG-I results in activation of CARD9 and inflammasome signaling for interleukin 1β production

Poeck, H., Bscheider, M., Gross, O., Finger, K., Roth, S., Rebsamen, M., Hannesschläger, N., Schlee, M., Rothenfusser, S., Barchet, W., et al. (2010) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.1824 · Cited by 521

Expression cloning of 2-5A-dependent RNAase: A uniquely regulated mediator of interferon action

Zhou, A. (1993) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(93)90403-d · Cited by 515

Isoforms of RNA-Editing Enzyme ADAR1 Independently Control Nucleic Acid Sensor MDA5-Driven Autoimmunity and Multi-organ Development

Pestal, K., Funk, C. C., Snyder, J. M., Price, N. D., Treuting, P. M., & Stetson, D. B. (2015) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2015.11.001 · Cited by 513

An enteric virus can replace the beneficial function of commensal bacteria

Kernbauer, E., Ding, Y., & Cadwell, K. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature13960 · Cited by 512

IFI16 DNA Sensor Is Required for Death of Lymphoid CD4 T Cells Abortively Infected with HIV

Monroe, K. M., Yang, Z., Johnson, J. R., Geng, X., Doitsh, G., Krogan, N. J., & Greene, W. C. (2014) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1243640 · Cited by 511

The Cytosolic DNA Sensor cGAS Forms an Oligomeric Complex with DNA and Undergoes Switch-like Conformational Changes in the Activation Loop

Zhang, X., Wu, J., Du, F., Xu, H., Sun, L., Chen, Z., Brautigam, C. A., Zhang, X., & Chen, Z. J. (2014) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2014.01.003 · Cited by 510

IFIT1 is an antiviral protein that recognizes 5′-triphosphate RNA

Pichlmair, A., Lassnig, C., Eberle, C.-A., Górna, M. W., Baumann, C. L., Burkard, T. R., Bürckstümmer, T., Stefanovic, A., Krieger, S., Bennett, K. L., et al. (2011) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.2048 · Cited by 484

Interactions between double-stranded RNA regulators and the protein kinase DAI.

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Oxidative Damage of DNA Confers Resistance to Cytosolic Nuclease TREX1 Degradation and Potentiates STING-Dependent Immune Sensing

Gehrke, N., Mertens, C., Zillinger, T., Wenzel, J., Bald, T., Zahn, S., Tüting, T., Hartmann, G., & Barchet, W. (2013) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2013.08.004 · Cited by 473

Chronic polyarthritis caused by mammalian DNA that escapes from degradation in macrophages

Kawane, K., Ohtani, M., Miwa, K., Kizawa, T., Kanbara, Y., Yoshioka, Y., Yoshikawa, H., & Nagata, S. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05245 · Cited by 470

HIV-1 evades innate immune recognition through specific cofactor recruitment

Rasaiyaah, J., Tan, C. P., Fletcher, A. J., Price, A. J., Blondeau, C., Hilditch, L., Jacques, D. A., Selwood, D. L., James, L. C., Noursadeghi, M., et al. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12769 · Cited by 458

Proapoptotic signaling induced by RIG-I and MDA-5 results in type I interferon–independent apoptosis in human melanoma cells

Besch, R., Poeck, H., Hohenauer, T., Senft, D., Häcker, G., Berking, C., Hornung, V., Endres, S., Ruzicka, T., Rothenfusser, S., et al. (2009) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci37155 · Cited by 433

Structural basis of RNA recognition and activation by innate immune receptor RIG-I

Jiang, F., Ramanathan, A., Miller, M. T., Tang, G.-Q., Gale, M., Patel, S. S., & Marcotrigiano, J. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10537 · Cited by 426

Structural Insights into RNA Recognition by RIG-I

Luo, D., Ding, S. C., Vela, A., Kohlway, A., Lindenbach, B. D., & Pyle, A. M. (2011) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2011.09.023 · Cited by 419

The RNA Sensor RIG-I Dually Functions as an Innate Sensor and Direct Antiviral Factor for Hepatitis B Virus

Sato, S., Li, K., Kameyama, T., Hayashi, T., Ishida, Y., Murakami, S., Watanabe, T., Iijima, S., Sakurai, Y., Watashi, K., et al. (2015) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2014.12.016 · Cited by 413

Toll-like receptor 8 senses degradation products of single-stranded RNA

Tanji, H., Ohto, U., Shibata, T., Taoka, M., Yamauchi, Y., Isobe, T., Miyake, K., & Shimizu, T. (2015) · Nature Structural & Molecular Biology · doi:10.1038/nsmb.2943 · Cited by 404

DNA-PK is a DNA sensor for IRF-3-dependent innate immunity

Ferguson, B. J., Mansur, D. S., Peters, N. E., Ren, H., & Smith, G. L. (2012) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.00047 · Cited by 404

Nucleic acid sensing at the interface between innate and adaptive immunity in vaccination

Desmet, C. J., & Ishii, K. J. (2012) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri3247 · Cited by 392

The capsids of HIV-1 and HIV-2 determine immune detection of the viral cDNA by the innate sensor cGAS in dendritic cells

Lahaye, X., Satoh, T., Gentili, M., Cerboni, S., Conrad, C., Hurbain, I., El Marjou, A., Lacabaratz, C., Lelièvre, J.-D., & Manel, N. (2013) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2013.11.002 · Cited by 390

Cutting Edge: cGAS Is Required for Lethal Autoimmune Disease in the Trex1-Deficient Mouse Model of Aicardi–Goutières Syndrome

Gray, E. E., Treuting, P. M., Woodward, J. J., & Stetson, D. B. (2015) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1500969 · Cited by 384

Structure of Human cGAS Reveals a Conserved Family of Second-Messenger Enzymes in Innate Immunity

Kranzusch, P. J., Lee, A. S.-Y., Berger, J. M., & Doudna, J. A. (2013) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2013.05.008 · Cited by 384

A structural basis for discriminating between self and nonself double-stranded RNAs in mammalian cells

Marques, J. T., Devosse, T., Wang, D., Zamanian-Daryoush, M., Serbinowski, P., Hartmann, R., Fujita, T., Behlke, M. A., & Williams, B. R. (2006) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt1205 · Cited by 380

Synthesis of low molecular weight inhibitor of protein synthesis with enzyme from interferon-treated cells

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Lethal anemia caused by interferon-β produced in mouse embryos carrying undigested DNA

Yoshida, H., Okabe, Y., Kawane, K., Fukuyama, H., & Nagata, S. (2005) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni1146 · Cited by 359

Cytosolic RNA:DNA hybrids activate the cGAS –STING axis

Mankan, A. K., Schmidt, T., Chauhan, D., Goldeck, M., Höning, K., Gaidt, M., Kubarenko, A. V., Andreeva, L., Hopfner, K., & Hornung, V. (2014) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.15252/embj.201488726 · Cited by 359

Structural basis for m7G recognition and 2′-O-methyl discrimination in capped RNAs by the innate immune receptor RIG-I

Devarkar, S. C., Wang, C., Miller, M. T., Ramanathan, A., Jiang, F., Khan, A. G., Patel, S. S., & Marcotrigiano, J. (2016) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1515152113 · Cited by 357

IFI16 senses DNA forms of the lentiviral replication cycle and controls HIV-1 replication

Jakobsen, M. R., Bak, R. O., Andersen, A., Berg, R. K., Jensen, S. B., Jin, T., Laustsen, A., Hansen, K., Østergaard, L., Fitzgerald, K. A., et al. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1311669110 · Cited by 344

Processing of Genome 5′ Termini as a Strategy of Negative-Strand RNA Viruses to Avoid RIG-I-Dependent Interferon Induction

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