Prior knowledge promotes hippocampal separation but cortical assimilation in the left inferior frontal gyrus
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Abstract
An adaptive memory system rarely learns information tabula rasa, but rather builds on prior knowledge to facilitate learning. How prior knowledge influences the neural representation of novel associations remains unknown. Here, participants associated pairs of faces in two conditions: a famous, highly familiar face with a novel face or two novel faces while undergoing fMRI. We examine multivoxel activity patterns corresponding to individual faces before and after learning. The activity patterns representing members of famous-novel pairs becomes separated in the hippocampus, that is, more distinct from one another through learning, in striking contrast to paired novel faces that become similar. In the left inferior frontal gyrus, however, prior knowledge leads to integration, and in a specific direction: the representation of the novel face becomes similar to that of the famous face after learning, suggesting assimilation of new into old memories. We propose that hippocampal separation might resolve interference between existing and newly learned information, allowing cortical assimilation. Thus, associative learning with versus without prior knowledge relies on radically different computations.
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The relationship between schemas and distinct elements is bidirectional: by pointing to elements that are in common, schemas bring into focus what is distinct.
“We view this as a bidirectional process: by pointing to elements that are in common, schemas bring into focus what is distinct 67 .”
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Memory consolidation as an adaptive process
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From cognitive maps to spatial schemas
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- Authors
- Bein, O., Reggev, N., & Maril, A.
- Affiliations
- New York University (US)
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (IL)
- Hebrew University of Jerusalem (IL)
- Corresponding author
- Maril, Anat
- Venue
- Nature Communications
- Published
- 2020-09-14
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 4590-4590
- ISSN
- 2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3084533846
- Cited by
- 52
- References
- 150
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 3.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Nature Communications (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Israel Science Foundation (150/16)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
- Keywords
- prior knowledge, hippocampus, left inferior frontal gyrus, associative learning, face learning, memory interference
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Facial Asymmetry, Female, Gyrus Cinguli, Hippocampus, Humans, Male, Memory, Nerve Net, Prefrontal Cortex, Young Adult
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