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Behavioral tagging is a general mechanism of long-term memory formation

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Ballarini, Fabricio, Moncada, Diego, Martinez, Maria Cecilia, Alen, Nadia, Viola, Haydée·2009·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Abstract

In daily life, memories are intertwined events. Little is known about the mechanisms involved in their interactions. Using two hippocampus-dependent (spatial object recognition and contextual fear conditioning) and one hippocampus-independent (conditioned taste aversion) learning tasks, we show that in rats subjected to weak training protocols that induce solely short term memory (STM), long term memory (LTM) is promoted and formed only if training sessions took place in contingence with a novel, but not familiar, experience occurring during a critical time window around training. This process requires newly synthesized proteins induced by novelty and reveals a general mechanism of LTM formation that begins with the setting of a "learning tag" established by a weak training. These findings represent the first comprehensive set of evidences indicating the existence of a behavioral tagging process that in analogy to the synaptic tagging and capture process, need the creation of a transient, protein synthesis-independent, and input specific tag.

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Crossref · 10.1073/pnas.0907078106

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  1. Reymann, K.G., Frey, J.U., ThelatemaintenanceofhippocampalLTP:Requirements,phases, 'synaptic tagging', 'late-associativity' and implications (2007) Neuropharmacology, 52, pp. 24-40
  2. Ballarini, F., Moncada, D., Martinez, M.C., Alen, N. & Viola, H. (2009) . Behavioral tagging is a general mechanism of long-term memory formation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 106(34), 14599-14604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0907078106
  3. Ballarini, F., Moncada, D., Martinez, M.C., Alen, N., Viola, H. "Behavioral tagging is a general mechanism of long-term memory formation" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 106, no. 34 (2009) : 14599-14604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0907078106
  4. Ballarini, F., Moncada, D., Martinez, M.C., Alen, N., Viola, H. "Behavioral tagging is a general mechanism of long-term memory formation" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 106, no. 34, 2009, pp. 14599-14604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0907078106
  5. Ballarini, F., Moncada, D., Martinez, M.C., Alen, N., Viola, H. Behavioral tagging is a general mechanism of long-term memory formation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2009;106(34):14599-14604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0907078106

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Authors
Ballarini, F., Moncada, D., Martinez, M. C., Alen, N., & Viola, H.
Affiliations
  • Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (AR)
  • Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Paraguay 2155, 3° Piso, CP 1121, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and
Venue
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Published
2009-08-25
Volume
106
Issue
34
Pages
14599-14604
ISSN
  • 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
  • 1091-6490
OpenAlex
W2146205533
Cited by
301
References
39
Citations by year
2026: 12 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 9
FWCI
4.05
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Repositorio Digital Institucional de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (Universidad de Buenos Aires) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
Keywords
long-term memory formation, synaptic tagging and capture, short-term memory, hippocampal-dependent memory, contextual fear conditioning, conditioned taste aversion, protein synthesis, memory consolidation, rats
MeSH terms
Animals, Behavior, Animal, Conditioning, Psychological, Discrimination Learning, Fear, Hippocampus, Learning, Male, Memory, Memory, Short-Term, Neuronal Plasticity, Psychomotor Performance, Saccharin, Sodium Chloride, Spatial Behavior, Taste, Time Factors, Rats, Wistar, Long-Term Potentiation, Neocortex, Rats

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