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Cited by 713Neural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorFunctional Brain Connectivity Studies

The brain basis of positive and negative affect: evidence from a meta-analysis of the human neuroimaging literature

Open access
Lindquist, Kristen A., Satpute, Ajay B., Wager, Tor D., Weber, Jochen, Barrett, Lisa Feldman·2016·Cerebral Cortex
DOI 10.1093/cercor/bhv001PMC PMC4830281
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Abstract

The ability to experience pleasant or unpleasant feelings or to represent objects as "positive" or "negative" is known as representing hedonic "valence." Although scientists overwhelmingly agree that valence is a basic psychological phenomenon, debate continues about how to best conceptualize it scientifically. We used a meta-analysis of 397 functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and positron emission tomography studies (containing 914 experimental contrasts and 6827 participants) to test 3 competing hypotheses about the brain basis of valence: the bipolarity hypothesis that positive and negative affect are supported by a brain system that monotonically increases and/or decreases along the valence dimension, the bivalent hypothesis that positive and negative affect are supported by independent brain systems, and the affective workspace hypothesis that positive and negative affect are supported by a flexible set of valence-general regions. We found little evidence for the bipolar or bivalent hypotheses. Findings instead supported the hypothesis that, at the level of brain activity measurable by fMRI, valence is flexibly implemented across instances by a set of valence-general limbic and paralimbic brain regions.

AI snapshot

Written from the paper’s full text.

TL;DR

This meta-analysis of 397 fMRI/PET studies (914 contrasts, 6827 participants) tested bipolar, bivalent, and affective-workspace accounts of valence. It found little support for bipolar or bivalent models and instead supported a flexible, valence-general limbic/paralimbic “affective workspace.”

Key findings

  • The bivalent hypothesis was not supported: no voxels showed significant increased activation exclusively for positivity or exclusively for negativity across studies.
  • The bipolar hypothesis received only limited candidate support: a ventral rostral ACC/MPFC cluster (MNI = [9, 39, −9], k = 178) was more engaged during positive-vs-negative than positive-vs-neutral contrasts, but no regions met the complementary negative-vs-positive > negative-vs-neutral pattern.
  • Valence-general regions activated by both positive-vs-neutral and negative-vs-neutral contrasts included bilateral anterior insula, bilateral lateral orbitofrontal cortex, bilateral amygdala, ventral striatum, thalamus, dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, dorsal ACC, supplementary motor area, bilateral ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, and lateral right temporal/occipital cortex.
  • Within the valence-general workspace, left amygdala and ventral/dorsal left anterior insula showed a relative preference for negative over positive affect. Whole-brain SVM classification of positive-vs-neutral versus negative-vs-neutral contrasts was not above chance: mean accuracy 52%, mean precision 53%, P > 0.6.

Methods

  • Meta-analysis of human neuroimaging studies of affective and discrete emotional experiences/perceptions published January 1993–December 2011; database included 397 studies, 6827 participants, and 914 contrasts.
  • Used Multilevel Peak Kernel Density Analysis (MKDA) with 12-mm spheres around peak coordinates, study contrasts as unit of analysis, sample-size weighting, and down-weighting of fixed-effects analyses by 0.75; Monte Carlo simulation with 5000 iterations for significance.
  • Tested hypotheses via meta-analytic contrasts and conjunctions: positive vs neutral, negative vs neutral, positive vs negative, and negative vs positive; also used linear SVM classification with 80 training and 20 testing contrasts per valence, repeated 100 times.

Limitations

  • The paper states it could not fully test the bipolarity hypothesis because the database did not include “deactivations” (neutral > negative or neutral > positive contrasts), which are infrequently reported and difficult to interpret.
  • The paper notes meta-analytic neuroimaging findings have temporal and spatial limitations, and that distributed functional networks with inhibitory relationships, fine-grained population coding, and degeneracy remain unaddressed by this meta-analysis.
  • The paper states that arousal is difficult to separate from valence statistically, experimentally, and theoretically, so valence-general activations may partly reflect arousal; it also notes possible confounds in multivariate analyses such as Chikazoe et al. (2014).

Model-written summary. Check it against the paper before relying on it.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1093/cercor/bhv001

Cites

87 of 87 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Nothing to recompute.

Claims the paper makes

0 of 45 cited sources checked · 0 supported · 0 flagged

  • Findingown data

    The meta-analysis found little evidence for the bipolarity hypothesis.

    “We found little evidence for the bipolar or bivalent hypotheses.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Findingown data

    The meta-analysis found little evidence for the bivalent hypothesis.

    “We found little evidence for the bipolar or bivalent hypotheses.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Findingown data

    Within the valence-general affective workspace, voxels in the left amygdala and both ventral and dorsal portions of the left anterior insula had more frequent activity during negative versus positive contrasts.

    “We next searched for voxels within the valence-general affective workspace that had more frequent activity during the”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Findingown data

    No clusters of voxels were more often engaged during negative versus positive than during negative versus neutral study contrasts when valence-general voxels were excluded.

    “We next tested for clusters of voxels that were more often engaged during”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Findingown data

    The conjunction of voxels showing consistent increases during positive versus neutral and negative versus neutral study contrasts (global null conjunction) identified valence-general voxels.

    “We found the conjunction of voxels that showed consistent increases in activation during study contrasts comparing”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Nichols et al. 2005

      Not checked in the free run.

  • May combine two claims. 23
  • The quote only partly states this claim. 2
  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim. 21

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    The meta-analysis included 397 fMRI and PET studies, 914 experimental contrasts, and 6827 participants.

    “We used a meta-analysis of 397 functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and positron emission tomography studies (containing 914 experimental contrasts and 6827 participants) to test 3 competing hypotheses about the brain basis of valence:”
    • Also stated in: § Database · plain
      “The resulting database includes 397 studies containing 6827 participants and reports peak coordinates from 914 contrasts that compared neural activity during presentation of positive or negative affective stimuli”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • The quote only partly states this claim.

    Findingown data

    The analysis excluding valence-general voxels revealed a cluster in a ventral portion of the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) (MNI = [9, 39, -9], k = 178) that was more frequently engaged during positive versus negative study contrasts than during positive versus neutral study contrasts.

    “This analysis revealed a cluster in a ventral portion of the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) (MNI = [9, 39, -9], k = 178) (Fig. 1; Table 2).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    SVM classification average accuracy was 52% (positive contrasts = 52%, negative contrasts = 52%) and average precision was 53% (positive = 51%, negative = 54%).

    “Average classification accuracy was 52% (accuracy for positive contrasts = 52%, accuracy for negative contrasts = 52%), and average classification precision was 53% ( precision for positive contrasts = 51%, precision for negative contrasts = 54%).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    Within the brain's affective workspace, the left amygdala and both ventral and dorsal portions of the left anterior insula demonstrated relatively more consistent increases during negativity than during positivity-even though responding occurred to both positivity and negativity at levels consistently greater than chance in these regions across studies.

    “Within the brain's affective workspace, the left amygdala and both ventral and dorsal portions of the left anterior insula demonstrated relatively more consistent increases during negativity than during positivity-even though responding occurred to both positivity and negativity at levels consistently greater than chance in these regions across studies.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    No brain activity in any of these regions was classifiable using a pattern classification analysis, meaning that there were no identifiable patterns within the affective workspace that can definitively classify whether a study contrast specifically invoked positivity or negativity.

    “No brain activity in any of these regions was classifiable using a pattern classification analysis, however, meaning that there were no identifiable patterns within the affective workspace that can definitively classify whether a study contrast specifically invoked positivity or negativity.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims. The quote only partly states this claim.

    Findingown data

    The database included 110 positive versus neutral contrasts, 255 negative versus neutral contrasts, 36 positive versus negative contrasts, and 45 negative versus positive contrasts.

    “| Positive versus neutral | 110 |”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Findingown data

    Neural regions are consistently associated with valence-general activations.

    “Neural regions consistently associated with valence-general activations.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Premisecitation

    Discrete emotion categories were qualified as positive or negative based on their typical location on the valence dimension in the circumplex model of affect.

    “Discrete emotion categories were qualified as positive or negative based on their typical location on the valence dimension in the circumplex model of affect (Russell and Barrett 1999;Wilson-Mendenhall et al. 2014).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 2 sources checked
    • cites Russell and Barrett 1999

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites Wilson-Mendenhall et al. 2014 source

      Not checked in the free run.

  • May combine two claims.

    Study design and conductreasoning

    The MKDA creates binary indicator maps from peak coordinates rather than using voxel-level z scores and weighs the contribution of coordinates by study-level variables rather than voxel-level variables.

    “The MKDA creates binary indicator maps from peak coordinates, rather than using voxel-level z scores, and weighs the contribution of coordinates by study-level variables (sample size and rigor of analysis) rather than voxel-level variables (z-scores) for several reasons.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Study design and conductcitation

    The MKDA treats study contrasts as the unit of analysis to prevent a single study that reports many peaks from unduly biasing the results.

    “Rather than treating peak coordinates from individual studies as the unit of analysis, the MKDA treats study contrasts as the unit of analysis to prevent a single study that reports many peaks (because of more liberal thresholding or differences in statistical power in the study) from unduly biasing the results (Wager et al. 2007).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Wager et al. 2007

      Not checked in the free run.

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Interpretationcitation

    Such valence-general flexibility can account for both the behavioral evidence of bivalence and bipolarity.

    “Such valence-general flexibility can account for both the behavioral evidence of bivalence and bipolarity (Barrett and Bliss-Moreau 2009).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Barrett and Bliss-Moreau 2009

      Not checked in the free run.

  • May combine two claims.

    Study design and conductreasoning

    To control for quality of the data entering the meta-analysis, study contrast maps are weighted by the square root of the sample size and studies using fixed-effects analyses are down-weighted by 0.75.

    “To control for quality of the data entering the meta-analysis, study contrast maps are further weighted by the square root of the sample size and studies using fixed-effects analyses are down-weighted by 0.75 so that less rigorous statistical analyses contribute less strongly to the meta-analytic results.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based).

    Interpretationreasoning

    A given neuron might participate in both instances of negativity and positivity across contexts, with its receptive field being determined by the neural context.

    “A given neuron might participate in both instances of negativity and positivity across contexts, with its receptive field being determined by the neural context.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based). May combine two claims.

    Interpretationreasoning

    Because neuronal assemblies are flexible, a given neuron need not participate in every brain state within a class (e.g., positivity), or even in the exact same mental state at 2 different points in time.

    “Because neuronal assemblies are flexible, a given neuron need not participate in every brain state within a class (e.g., positivity), or even in the exact same mental state at 2 different points in time (e.g., positivity at seeing a friend at work vs. at a pub).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Study design and conductown data

    The meta-analysis used a Monte Carlo simulation with 5000 iterations to produce a null distribution of probabilities that a given study contrast activated near a voxel of the brain.

    “To determine significance for comparisons, a Monte Carlo simulation with 5000 iterations was performed to produce a null distribution of probabilities that a given study contrast activated near a voxel of the brain.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Interpretationreasoning

    This relative distinction does not suggest an absolute distinction, because the voxels identified consistently respond to both positive and negative affect more than neutral affect across studies.

    “Importantly, this relative distinction does not suggest an absolute distinction, insofar as the voxels identified consistently respond to both positive and negative affect more so than neutral affect across studies.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Interpretationown data

    Voxels within the left amygdala and left anterior insula are relatively more likely to show increased activation during negative than positive affect despite responding to both positive and negative affect more than neutral affect.

    “Voxels within the left amygdala and left anterior insula are therefore relatively more likely to show increased activation during negative than positive affect despite the fact that they respond to both positive and negative affect more so than neutral affect.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Study design and conductown data

    The authors were only able to test whether VMPFC/ACC increased more as positive affect increased relative to different baselines, but unable to test whether it also showed decreasing activity during negative affect.

    “However, we refer to these areas as candidate ROIs because we were only able to test whether this area increased more as positive affect increased (relative to different baselines), but we were unable to test whether it also showed decreasing activity during negative affect.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Interpretationreasoning

    The affective workspace may be best considered as valence general; brain regions may flexibly and interchangeably represent both positivity and negativity across different instances.

    “In combination with the other findings, the affective workspace may be best considered as valence general; brain regions may flexibly and interchangeably represent both positivity and negativity across different instances as we discuss later.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Interpretationown data

    This finding suggests there is more dissimilarity between brain responses to positive and negative affect than positive and neutral affect in VMPFC/ACC, consistent with a bipolar view.

    “This finding suggests there is more dissimilarity between brain responses to positive and negative affect than positive and neutral affect in this region, consistent with a bipolar view.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Interpretationown data

    Portions of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and ACC may serve as candidate ROIs for the bipolarity hypothesis, but no other brain regions responded in a bipolar manner.

    “Our findings suggest that portions of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and ACC may serve as candidate ROIs for the bipolarity hypothesis but did not reveal any other brain regions that responded in a bipolar manner.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Interpretationcitation

    Chikazoe et al.'s findings, like ours, suggest that there are not brain systems for positivity or negativity per se, but populations of neurons within regions across the brain that support positive and negative valence.

    “In essence, their findings, like ours, suggest that there are not brain systems for positivity or negativity per se, but populations of neurons within regions across the brain regions that support positive and negative valence.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Chikazoe et al.'s findings suggest that there are representations for positivity versus negativity both within the same brain region and spread across the brain.

    “Rather than finding different regions or networks that separately support positivity versus negativity, Chikazoe et al.'s findings suggest that there are representations for positivity versus negativity both within the same brain region and spread across the brain.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Chikazoe et al. 2014

      Not checked in the free run.

  • May combine two claims.

    Interpretationreasoning

    Arousal was less likely to be a confound in our meta-analysis because we summed across many studies, and whereas some use stimuli that confound valence and arousal, others use other stimuli that may be less likely to confound valence and arousal.

    “Arousal was less likely to be a confound in our meta-analysis because we summed across many studies, and whereas some use stimuli that confound valence and arousal (e.g., the International Pictures System), others use other stimuli that may be less likely to confound valence and arousal (e.g., pictures of emotional facial expressions).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Premisecitation

    Negative stimuli recruit relatively more attention than positive stimuli.

    “Since negative stimuli recruit relatively more attention than positive stimuli (Baumeister et al. 2001)”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Baumeister et al. 2001 source

      Not checked in the free run.

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    The network (dorsal aspects of the affective workspace) is also called the ventral attention network and is frequently identified during tasks involving visual orienting.

    “This network is also called the”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 2 sources checked
    • cites Corbetta et al. 2008

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites Lagner and Eickhoff 2013

      Not checked in the free run.

  • May combine two claims.

    Interpretationown data

    The meta-analysis suggests that assertions about valence specificity are not warranted; it is more appropriate to talk about regions as valence-general.

    “Our meta-analysis thus suggests that assertions about valence specificity are not warranted; it is more appropriate to talk about regions as valence-general.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Interpretationreasoning

    If some regions show relatively more frequent activity for one type of valence over another, then this meta-analytic finding reflects that region's relative preference for one type of valence versus another but not valence specificity per se.

    “If some regions show relatively more frequent activity for one type of valence over another, as we found, then this meta-analytic finding reflects that region's relative preference for one type of valence versus another but not valence specificity per se.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Premisecitation

    Researchers still widely assume that valence specificity is present at the regional brain level.

    “This finding is important because researchers still widely assume that valence specificity is present at the regional brain level (e.g., areas in the salience network form an”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Hayes and Northoff 2011

      Not checked in the free run.

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Interpretationcitation

    The relatively greater frequency of response for negativity within the left amygdala and insula might be related to the negativity bias observed in the behavioral literature.

    “The relatively greater frequency of response for negativity that we observed within the left amygdala and insula might instead be related to the negativity bias (Baumeister et al. 2001) that is observed in the behavioral literature”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Baumeister et al. 2001 source

      Not checked in the free run.

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Premisecitation

    Negative valence has greater psychological impact than positive valence in reactions to life events, outcomes in relationships, and fundamental psychological processes such as learning and attention.

    “negative valence has greater psychological impact than positive valence when it comes to reactions to life events, outcomes in relationships, and even fundamental psychological processes such as learning and attention.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Baumeister et al. 2001 source

      Not checked in the free run.

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Premisecitation

    Positivity and negativity are represented by distributed populations of neurons spread throughout a given brain region.

    “As Chikazoe et al. (2014) demonstrate, positivity and negativity are represented by distributed populations of neurons spread throughout a given brain region.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Chikazoe et al. 2014

      Not checked in the free run.

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Premisecitation

    In self-reports of affective experience, valence and arousal are separable properties for some, but not for all, individuals.

    “In self-reports of affective experience, valence and arousal are separable properties for some, but not for all, individuals (Feldman 1995).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Feldman 1995

      Not checked in the free run.

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    People can experience positivity and negativity as distinct states that contribute independently to attitudes and decisions.

    “Although people can experience positivity and negativity as distinct states that contribute independently to attitudes and decisions (consistent with a bivalent view; Watson and Tellegen 1985;Cacioppo et al. 1999;Norris et al. 2010)”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 3 sources checked
    • cites Watson and Tellegen 1985

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites Cacioppo et al. 1999

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites Norris et al. 2010

      Not checked in the free run.

  • May combine two claims.

    Interpretationreasoning

    Neither the observation that people can experience positivity and negativity as distinct states nor the observation that they can be negatively correlated means that the brain is divisible into separate positive and negative systems or consists of a single system that encodes opposing positive and negative states.

    “Yet, neither of these observations means that the brain is divisible into separate positive and negative systems or consists of a single system that encodes opposing positive and negative states.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Study design and conductreasoning

    Our database did not include contrasts reporting neural 'deactivations' because they are reported infrequently across individual studies.

    “our database did not include contrasts reporting neural”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 2 sources checked
    • cites Vytal and Hamann 2010

      Not checked in the free run.

    • cites Lindquist, Wager, Kober et al. 2012

      Not checked in the free run.

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Interpretationreasoning

    The hypothesis that distributed functional networks have an inhibitory relationship is unanswerable by neuroimaging because it is not clear whether BOLD activity generally reflects activations, inhibitions, or both.

    “since it is not clear whether BOLD activity generally reflects activations, inhibitions, or both, this hypothesis seems unanswerable by neuroimaging.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Study design and conductown data

    The analysis in Figure 3 examined negative versus positive study contrasts while masking in regions that were already active in the intersection between negative versus neutral contrasts and positive versus neutral contrasts.

    “The analysis examined negative versus positive study contrasts while masking in regions that were already active in the intersection between negative versus neutral contrasts and positive versus neutral contrasts.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

    Study design and conductown data

    The maps in Figure 2 reflect whole-brain statistical correction at the voxel level using FDR procedures, or at 2 different cluster-level thresholds using FWER procedures.

    “For these maps, the color codes reflect whole-brain statistical correction at the voxel level (bright purple and bright green) using FDR procedures, or at 2 different cluster-level thresholds (given voxel-level P-values of 0.05 and 0.01; see Materials and Methods) using FWER procedures.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Study design and conductown data

    The database did not include any neutral > negative or neutral > positive contrasts.

    “database did not include any neutral > negative or neutral > positive contrasts.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
40 of 40

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    The database is the largest existing database of neuroimaging studies on valence.

    “First, our database of 397 studies of affective (i.e., positive and negative) and discrete emotional (i.e., anger, disgust, fear, sadness, happiness, etc.) experiences and perceptions (spanning January 1993-December 2011) is the largest existing database of neuroimaging studies on valence.”

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    No previous meta-analyses were designed to compare different theoretical formulations on the nature of valence.

    “Finally, our meta-analysis is distinct because no previous meta-analyses were designed to compare different theoretical formulations on the nature of valence.”

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    Bipolar and bivalence hypotheses are relatively untested in the domain of neuroscience.

    “Bipolar and bivalence hypotheses are relatively untested in the domain of neuroscience, but each model makes unique predictions for how valence might be represented in neuronal activity.”

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    The concept of arousal, as a psychological property, is vague and underspecified.

    “Third, the concept of arousal, as a psychological property, is vague and underspecified.”

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    Reward/loss/punishment are distinct phenomena from the representation of valence per se.

    “our database intentionally did not include studies of reward or loss/punishment (on the basis that these are likely distinct phenomena from the representation of valence per se).”
5 of 5

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • The effect found in discrimination of both negative and positive states supports evidence of a generalized role of OXT in modulating CeA function in response to socially communicated salient information.

    “The effect we found in the discrimination of both negative and positive states, however, supports the evidence of a generalized role of OXT in modulating CeA function in the response to socially communicated salient information, similar to evidence in humans [70,90,92,106,107].”

    From Oxytocin Signaling in the Central Amygdala Modulates Emotion Discrimination in Mice (2019) · cites this paper as [106]

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Authors
Lindquist, K. A., Satpute, A. B., Wager, T. D., Weber, J., & Barrett, L. F.
Affiliations
  • University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
  • Pomona College (US)
  • University of Colorado Boulder (US)
  • Columbia University (US)
  • Northeastern University (US)
Corresponding author
Lindquist, Kristen A.
ORCID
Venue
Cerebral Cortex
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2015-01-28
Volume
26
Issue
5
Pages
1910-1922
ISSN
  • 1047-3211 (ISSN-L)
  • 1460-2199
DOI
10.1093/cercor/bhv001
PMC
PMC4830281
OpenAlex
W2007554378
Semantic Scholar
a30b6302af4c274ae13d9220a2b6766a3c852f63
Cited by
713
References
87
Citations by year
2026: 25 · 2025: 62 · 2024: 121 · 2023: 72 · 2022: 77 · 2021: 72 · 2020: 94 · 2019: 55 · 2018: 49 · 2017: 45 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 1
FWCI
4.39
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cerebral Cortex (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute of Health (DP1OD003312)
  • U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences (W5J9CQ-11-C-0046)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
Keywords
emotional valence, positive affect, negative affect, limbic system, paralimbic regions, emotion representation
MeSH terms
Affect, Brain, Brain Mapping, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Models, Neurological, Models, Psychological, Neural Pathways, Positron-Emission Tomography

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