A signalling role for 4‐hydroxy‐2‐nonenal in regulation of mitochondrial uncoupling
Open accessAbstract
Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are associated with disease and aging. Oxidative stress results from overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), often leading to peroxidation of membrane phospholipids and production of reactive aldehydes, particularly 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal. Mild uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation protects by decreasing mitochondrial ROS production. We find that hydroxynonenal and structurally related compounds (such as trans-retinoic acid, trans-retinal and other 2-alkenals) specifically induce uncoupling of mitochondria through the uncoupling proteins UCP1, UCP2 and UCP3 and the adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT). Hydroxynonenal-induced uncoupling was inhibited by potent inhibitors of ANT (carboxyatractylate and bongkrekate) and UCP (GDP). The GDP-sensitive proton conductance induced by hydroxynonenal correlated with tissue expression of UCPs, appeared in yeast mitochondria expressing UCP1 and was absent in skeletal muscle mitochondria from UCP3 knockout mice. The carboxyatractylate-sensitive hydroxynonenal stimulation correlated with ANT content in mitochondria from Drosophila melanogaster expressing different amounts of ANT. Our findings indicate that hydroxynonenal is not merely toxic, but may be a biological signal to induce uncoupling through UCPs and ANT and thus decrease mitochondrial ROS production.
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Angiotensin II led to mitochondrial dysfunction by activating vascular NAD(P)H oxidase via a PKC-dependent pathway.
“In this recent study, it was found that angiotensin II led to mitochondrial dysfunction by activating vascular NAD(P)H oxidase via a protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent pathway.”
From Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production in excitable cells: Modulators of mitochondrial and cell function (2009) · cites this paper as [112]
Proton conductance of UCP2 and UCP3 can be activated by matrix superoxide or 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), a byproduct of lipid peroxidation.
“However, proton conductance of UCP2 and UCP3 can be activated by matrix superoxide or 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), a byproduct of lipid peroxidation (45, 91, 93).”
From Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Diabetes: From Molecular Mechanisms to Functional Significance and Therapeutic Opportunities (2010) · cites this paper as [91]
Mitochondria isolated from UCP3 or UCP2 knockout mice do not show a decrease in basal proton conductance.
“Moreover, mitochondria isolated from UCP3 (45, 91) or UCP2 KO mice (73, 176) do not show a decrease in basal proton conductance.”
From Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Diabetes: From Molecular Mechanisms to Functional Significance and Therapeutic Opportunities (2010) · cites this paper as [91]
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Uncoupling Proteins: Role in Insulin Resistance and Insulin Insufficiency
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- Authors
- Echtay, K. S., Esteves, T. C., Pakay, J. L., Jekabsons, M. B., Lambert, A. J., Portero‐Otín, M., Pamplona, R., Vidal‐Puig, A. J., Wang, S., Roebuck, S. J., & Brand, M. D.
- Affiliations
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit (GB)
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging (US)
- Universitat de Lleida (ES)
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- University of Buckingham (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Brand, Martin D.
- Venue
- The EMBO Journal
- Published
- 2003-08-15
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 16
- Pages
- 4103-4110
- ISSN
- 0261-4189 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2075
- PMC
- PMC175801
- OpenAlex
- W2141950542
- Cited by
- 597
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 29 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 46
- FWCI
- 13.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The EMBO Journal (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Keywords
- 4-hydroxynonenal, mitochondrial uncoupling, uncoupling proteins, UCP1, UCP2, UCP3, adenine nucleotide translocase, oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, 2-alkenals, carboxyatractylate, oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial dysfunction
- MeSH terms
- Mitochondrial ADP, ATP Translocases, Animals, Atractyloside, Bongkrekic Acid, Drosophila melanogaster, Enzyme Inhibitors, Female, Guanosine Diphosphate, Humans, Kidney, Mitochondria, Models, Biological, Oxidative Phosphorylation, Protons, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Structure-Activity Relationship, Tretinoin, Uncoupling Agents, Signal Transduction, Reactive Oxygen Species, Mice, Knockout, Mice, Rats
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