PreprintCited by 125Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanismsMemory and Neural MechanismsNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research

Neuronal Circuitry Mechanisms Regulating Adult Mammalian Neurogenesis

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Song, Juan, Olsen, Reid H.J., Sun, Jiaqi, Ming, Guo-li, Song, Hongjun·2016·Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology

Abstract

The adult mammalian brain is a dynamic structure, capable of remodeling in response to various physiological and pathological stimuli.One dramatic example of brain plasticity is the birth and subsequent integration of newborn neurons into the existing circuitry.This process, termed adult neurogenesis, recapitulates neural developmental events in two specialized adult brain regions: the lateral ventricles of the forebrain.Recent studies have begun to delineate how the existing neuronal circuits influence the dynamic process of adult neurogenesis, from activation of quiescent neural stem cells (NSCs) to the integration and survival of newborn neurons.Here, we review recent progress toward understanding the circuitbased regulation of adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus and olfactory bulb.N eurogenesis occurs throughout life in dis- crete regions of the mammalian brain and substantial evidence supports critical roles of adult-born neurons for specific brain functions, such as learning, memory, and olfactory processing (Kempermann and Gage 1999;Temple and Alvarez-Buylla 1999;Lledo et al. 2006;Zhao et al. 2008;Sahay et al. 2011).Under normal physiological conditions, significant levels of adult neurogenesis are limited to two brain re-gions in mammals: the olfactory bulb (OB), in which newborn neurons migrate from the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles, and the dentate granule cell (GC) layer of the hippocampus, in which newborn neurons are generated locally within the subgranular zone (SGZ) (Ninkovic and Gotz 2007;Duan et al. 2008).Significant progress has been made in understanding major steps underlying adult neurogenesis (Kempermann et al. 2004;

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  • The relatively high CD68+ lysosome content of cerebellar microglia is reminiscent of microglia in the dentate gyrus and olfactory bulb, where ongoing neuronal turnover is associated with high rates of cell death.

    “The relatively high CD68+ lysosome content of cbMg is reminiscent of microglia in the dentate gyrus and olfactory bulb (Supplementary Fig. 1b,c), where ongoing neuronal turnover is associated with high rates of cell death in the adult brain18.”

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Authors
Song, J., Olsen, R. H. J., Sun, J., Ming, G.-L., & Song, H.
Affiliations
  • University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
  • Johns Hopkins University (US)
Venue
Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology
Published
2016-05-03
Volume
8
Issue
8
Pages
a018937
ISSN
1943-0264 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4297993848
Cited by
125
References
149
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2
Type
posted content
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) (submittedVersion)
  • UNC Libraries
Funders
  • American Heart Association
  • Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Medical Research Foundation
  • Johns Hopkins University
  • Diana Helis Henry Medical Research Foundation
  • National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression (NS047344, NS048271)
  • Maryland Stem Cell Research Fund (NS048271)
  • Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative
  • National Institutes of Health (NS047344)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (R21MH106939)
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32GM007040)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS047344, R01NS048271, R37NS047344, F31NS093917, R56NS047344)
  • National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (R21ES021957)
  • Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD069184)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Keywords
adult neurogenesis, neural circuits, neural stem cells, neural stem cell quiescence, newborn neuron survival, hippocampus, olfactory bulb, neuroplasticity, lateral ventricle
MeSH terms
Animals, Hippocampus, Humans, Neurons, Neurogenesis

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