Cited by 288Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanismsAlzheimer's disease research and treatmentsNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research

GABAergic Interneuron Dysfunction Impairs Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Adult Apolipoprotein E4 Knockin Mice

Open access
Li, Gang, Bien-Ly, Nga, Andrews-Zwilling, Yaisa, Xu, Qin, Bernardo, Aubrey, Ring, Karen, Halabisky, Brian, Deng, Changhui +2 more·2009·Cell Stem Cell

Abstract

Apolipoprotein (apo) E, a polymorphic protein with three isoforms (apoE2, apoE3, and apoE4), is essential for lipid homeostasis. Carriers of apoE4 are at higher risk for developing Alzheimer's disease. We have investigated adult neurogenesis in mice with knockout (KO) for apoE or with knockin (KI) alleles for human apoE3 or apoE4, and we report that neurogenesis is reduced in both apoE-KO and apoE4-KI mice. In apoE-KO mice, increased BMP signaling promoted glial differentiation at the expense of neurogenesis. In contrast, in apoE4-KI mice, presynaptic GABAergic input-mediated maturation of newborn neurons was diminished. Tau phosphorylation, an Alzheimer's disease characteristic, and levels of neurotoxic apoE fragments were both elevated in apoE4-KI hippocampal neurons concomitant with decreased GABAergic interneuron survival. Potentiating GABAergic signaling restored neuronal maturation and neurogenesis in apoE4-KI mice to normal levels. These findings suggest that GABAergic signaling can be targeted to mitigate the deleterious effects of apoE4 on neurogenesis.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.stem.2009.10.015

Cites

70 of 70 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • APOE4 exacerbates AD-related pathologies, including amyloid-beta plaques, Tau tangles, neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation.

    “It exacerbates AD-related pathologies, including amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques, Tau tangles, neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation4–16.”

    From The APOE-R136S mutation protects against APOE4-driven tau pathology, neurodegeneration, and neuroinflammation (2023) · cites this paper as [10]

    The Results report increased tau phosphorylation and reduced neuronal survival in apoE4 knock-in mouse cultures; the Discussion links apoE4 neurotoxicity to neurodegeneration and describes a pathway to neurofibrillary tangles (page numbers unavailable). The passages do not establish that APOE4 exacerbates amyloid-beta plaques or neuroinflammation, and the study measures tau phosphorylation rather than tangle burden. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Neurogenesis is known to be elevated following hyperexcitability.

    “Among the downregulated pathways in E3S/S/P301S hippocampus, neurogenesis is known to be elevated following hyperexcitability58,59, observed in E3/P301S mice using cFOS activity mapping.”

    From The R136S mutation in the APOE3 gene confers resilience against tau pathology via inhibition of the cGAS-STING-IFN pathway (2025) · cites this paper as [58]

    The Results section on GABAA receptor manipulation reports increased newborn-cell proliferation when GABA signaling was inhibited. But the Results section on GABAergic interneurons describes impaired neuronal maturation in that setting, and the paper does not establish that hyperexcitability elevates overall neurogenesis. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.82)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Neurogenesis is elevated in response to hyperexcitability.

    “Neurogenesis is known to be elevated in response to hyperexcitability53,54”

    From <i>APOE3</i> - <i>R136S</i> mutation confers resilience against tau pathology via cGAS-STING-IFN inhibition (2024) · cites this paper as [53]

    The Results section on GABAA receptor treatment reports increased newborn-cell proliferation after reduced GABA signaling, but does not establish hyperexcitability or show that it elevates neurogenesis. The Discussion addresses GABAergic excitation in newborn-neuron maturation, not neurogenesis as a response to hyperexcitability. Searches for hyperexcitability, seizures, and increased neuronal activity found no passage making the attributed claim; page numbers were unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.72)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

1 of the 71 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Li, G., Bien-Ly, N., Andrews-Zwilling, Y., Xu, Q., Bernardo, A., Ring, K., Halabisky, B., Deng, C., Mahley, R. W., & Huang, Y.
Affiliations
  • Gladstone Institutes (US)
  • University of California, San Francisco (US)
Corresponding author
Huang, Yadong
Venue
Cell Stem Cell
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2009-12
Volume
5
Issue
6
Pages
634-645
ISSN
  • 1875-9777 (ISSN-L)
  • 1934-5909
OpenAlex
W2047173060
Cited by
288
References
71
Citations by year
2026: 21 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 11
FWCI
3.45
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cell stem cell (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • California Institute for Regenerative Medicine
  • California Institute of Regenerative Medicine
  • Gladstone Institutes
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute on Aging (P01AG022074)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Keywords
APOE ε4, adult hippocampal neurogenesis, GABAergic interneurons, Alzheimer's disease, BMP signaling, glial differentiation, tau phosphorylation, GABAergic neurotransmission, ApoE-deficient mice
MeSH terms
Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Animals, Newborn, Apolipoproteins, Cell Differentiation, Hippocampus, Humans, Interneurons, Neuroglia, Signal Transduction, tau Proteins, Mice, Knockout, GABA Agonists, Bone Morphogenetic Proteins, Cell Proliferation, Mice, Adult Stem Cells, Neurogenesis, Gene Knock-In Techniques

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review