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Impulsivity as a determinant and consequence of drug use: a review of underlying processes
Open accessAbstract
Impulsive behaviors are closely linked to drug use and abuse, both as contributors to use and as consequences of use. Trait impulsivity is an important determinant of drug use during development, and in adults momentary ‘state’ increases in impulsive behavior may increase the likelihood of drug use, especially in individuals attempting to abstain. Conversely, acute and chronic effects of drug use may increase impulsive behaviors, which may in turn facilitate further drug use. However, these effects depend on the behavioral measure used to assess impulsivity. This article reviews data from controlled studies investigating different measures of impulsive behaviors, including delay discounting, behavioral inhibition and a newly proposed measure of inattention. Our findings support the hypothesis that drugs of abuse alter performance across independent behavioral measures of impulsivity. The findings lay the groundwork for studying the cognitive and neurobiological substrates of impulsivity, and for future studies on the role of impulsive behavior as both facilitator and a result of drug use.
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In the citing paper
“they have repeatedly been shown to play a role in addictive behaviour (for a review see De Wit, 2009)”
From Age-dependent Effects of Tobacco Smoke and Nicotine on Cognition and the Brain: A Systematic Review of the Human and Animal Literature Comparing Adolescents and Adults. (2023) · cites this paper as De Wit, 2009
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“High levels of sensation seeking and reduced impulse control have frequently been associated with addiction, both as a determinant and consequence of substance use (Blanchard et al., 2009; de Wit, 2009).”
From Age-dependent Effects of Tobacco Smoke and Nicotine on Cognition and the Brain: A Systematic Review of the Human and Animal Literature Comparing Adolescents and Adults. (2023) · cites this paper as de Wit, 2009
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Behaviors that emerged during adolescence to promote survival and reproduction may no longer be adaptive, but instead can increase an individual’s likelihood to experiment with, use, and become dependent on drugs (Bardo et al., 1996, de Wit, 2009, Hester and Garavan, 2004, Kreek et al., 2005, Naneix et al., 2012, Potvin et al., 2014, Vonmoos et al., 2013).”
From Sensitive periods of substance abuse: Early risk for the transition to dependence (2017) · cites this paper as de Wit, 2009
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Dysfunctional impulsivity includes deficits in attention, lack of reflection and/or insensitivity to consequences, all of which occur in addiction (Evenden, 1999; (de Wit, 2009).”
From Impulsivity, frontal lobes and risk for addiction (2009) · cites this paper as de Wit, 2009
In the citing paper
“Human alcohol and drug abusers compared to never-users or ex-users show consistent deficits in delayed discounting (de Wit, 2009; Petry, 2001).”
From Impulsivity, frontal lobes and risk for addiction (2009) · cites this paper as de Wit, 2009
In the citing paper
“Multiple components of impulsivity, including delay discounting, behavioral inhibition and poor attention, show deficits in alcohol and substance abusing individuals (de Wit, 2009).”
From Impulsivity, frontal lobes and risk for addiction (2009) · cites this paper as de Wit, 2009
In the citing paper
“The high impulsivity of adolescence likely represents an important risk factor for binge drinking and initiation of drinking experiences(de Wit, 2009).”
From Impulsivity, frontal lobes and risk for addiction (2009) · cites this paper as de Wit, 2009
In the citing paper
“Overall, studies in addiction show that most types of impulsivity are increased in substance use disorders, measured with impulsiveness scales, neuropsychological batteries, motor-inhibition tasks, and decision-making tasks”
From Imaging addiction: D2 receptors and dopamine signaling in the striatum as biomarkers for impulsivity (2014) · cites this paper as de Wit, 2009
In the citing paper
“in which addicted individuals show preference for smaller, immediate rewards over larger, delayed rewards (Bickel et al., 2012b; de Wit, 2009)”
From Imaging addiction: D2 receptors and dopamine signaling in the striatum as biomarkers for impulsivity (2014) · cites this paper as de Wit, 2009
In the citing paper
“In particular, exposure to drugs of abuse has been reported to produce an enhancement in impulsive-like responding in animals (Dallery and Locey, 2005; Richards et al., 1999) and in humans (de Wit, 2009).”
From Imaging addiction: D2 receptors and dopamine signaling in the striatum as biomarkers for impulsivity (2014) · cites this paper as de Wit, 2009
In the citing paper
“Delay discounting is both a cause and consequence of substance use.184,185”
From Early life adversity and health-risk behaviors: Proposed psychological and neural mechanisms (2018) · cites this paper as [184]
In the citing paper
“Evidence from acute pharmacological interventions with psychomotor stimulants and suppressants supports the greater sensitivity of real-time tasks to manipulations likely to induce changes in state-impulsivity”
From DAT1 and COMT effects on delay discounting and trait impulsivity in male adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and healthy controls (2010) · cites this paper as De Wit, 2009
In the citing paper
“An extensive clinical and preclinical literature shows that impulsivity appears to be a major vulnerability factor in the development of substance abuse”
From Coping styles and behavioural flexibility: towards underlying mechanisms (2010) · cites this paper as de Wit 2009
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Rapid-response impulsivity: Definitions, measurement issues, and clinical implications.
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Fronto‐striatal functional connectivity during response inhibition in alcohol dependence
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Metadata
- Authors
- de Wit, H.
- Venue
- Addiction Biology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2008-12-04
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 22-31
- ISSN
- 1355-6215 (ISSN-L)
- 1369-1600
- PMC
- PMC3640851
- OpenAlex
- W2118475046
- Semantic Scholar
- fb6e5b9b575d8b48839448ffa9ed16bb29c5987b
- Cited by
- 1,415
- References
- 67
- Citations by year
- 2026: 43 · 2025: 57 · 2024: 54 · 2023: 59 · 2022: 54 · 2021: 70 · 2020: 96 · 2019: 100 · 2018: 120 · 2017: 94 · 2016: 125 · 2015: 100 · 2014: 105 · 2013: 118 · 2012: 80
- FWCI
- 4.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Addiction Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA009133, DA09133)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- impulsivity, drug use, drug abuse, trait impulsivity, state impulsivity, delay discounting, behavioral inhibition, inattention, addiction
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Attention, Brain, Character, Cognition, Humans, Impulsive Behavior, Inhibition, Psychological, Motivation, Reward, Illicit Drugs, Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic, Substance-Related Disorders
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