Cited by 686Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchNicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors StudyReceptor Mechanisms and Signaling

Structure, Function, and Pharmacology of Glutamate Receptor Ion Channels

Open access
Hansen, Kasper B., Wollmuth, Lonnie P., Bowie, Derek, Furukawa, Hiro, Menniti, Frank S., Sobolevsky, Alexander I., Swanson, Geoffrey T., Swanger, Sharon A. +11 more·2021·Pharmacological Reviews

Abstract

Many physiologic effects of l-glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system, are mediated via signaling by ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs). These ligand-gated ion channels are critical to brain function and are centrally implicated in numerous psychiatric and neurologic disorders. There are different classes of iGluRs with a variety of receptor subtypes in each class that play distinct roles in neuronal functions. The diversity in iGluR subtypes, with their unique functional properties and physiologic roles, has motivated a large number of studies. Our understanding of receptor subtypes has advanced considerably since the first iGluR subunit gene was cloned in 1989, and the research focus has expanded to encompass facets of biology that have been recently discovered and to exploit experimental paradigms made possible by technological advances. Here, we review insights from more than 3 decades of iGluR studies with an emphasis on the progress that has occurred in the past decade. We cover structure, function, pharmacology, roles in neurophysiology, and therapeutic implications for all classes of receptors assembled from the subunits encoded by the 18 ionotropic glutamate receptor genes. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Glutamate receptors play important roles in virtually all aspects of brain function and are either involved in mediating some clinical features of neurological disease or represent a therapeutic target for treatment. Therefore, understanding the structure, function, and pharmacology of this class of receptors will advance our understanding of many aspects of brain function at molecular, cellular, and system levels and provide new opportunities to treat patients.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1124/pharmrev.120.000131

Cites

2576 of 2576 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Hansen, K. B., Wollmuth, L. P., Bowie, D., Furukawa, H., Menniti, F. S., Sobolevsky, A. I., Swanson, G. T., Swanger, S. A., Greger, I. H., Nakagawa, T., McBain, C. J., Jayaraman, V., Low, C.-M., Dell’Acqua, M. L., Diamond, J. S., Camp, C. R., Perszyk, R. E., Yuan, H., & Traynelis, S. F.
Affiliations
Northwestern University (US)
Corresponding author
Traynelis, Stephen F.
Venue
Pharmacological Reviews
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2021-10
Volume
73
Issue
4
Pages
1469-1658
ISSN
0031-6997 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3214054678
Cited by
686
References
2,576
Citations by year
2026: 123 · 2025: 198 · 2024: 160 · 2023: 115 · 2022: 81 · 2021: 9
FWCI
13.86
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Pharmacological Reviews (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Institutional Repository (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5f31ns113530-02)
  • Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/N002113/1)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (R56MH123474, R21MH127404, R01MH085926, R01MH123474)
  • National Cancer Institute (R01CA206573)
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (P20GM103546, R35GM122528)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (F31‐NS113530, R01NS105804, R56NS040701, R01NS083660, R01NS040701, R01NS088479, R01NS111745, RF1NS113632, R01NS105502, R01NS107253, R35NS111619, R37NS083660, R01NS116055, R01NS097536)
  • Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD082373)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
Keywords
ionotropic glutamate receptors, ligand-gated ion channels, glutamate, receptor subtypes, receptor structure, receptor pharmacology, excitatory neurotransmission, neurophysiology, neurological disorders, mental illness, therapeutic target
MeSH terms
Animals, Central Nervous System, Humans, Receptors, Glutamate, Neurotransmitter Agents, Glutamic Acid, Receptors, Ionotropic Glutamate

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review