The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Evolution and Tinkering
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
King, M.-C., & Wilson, A. C. (1975) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1090005 · Cited by 2,815
Cited by
From molecular to modular cell biology.
Hartwell, L. H., Hopfield, J. J., Leibler, S., & Murray, A. W. (1999) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35011540 · Cited by 3,632
Ecosystems and the Biosphere as Complex Adaptive Systems
Levin, S. A. (1998) · Ecosystems · doi:10.1007/s100219900037 · Cited by 1,726
Interacting Minds--A Biological Basis
Frith, C. D., & Frith, U. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.286.5445.1692 · Cited by 1,714
Sea Anemone Genome Reveals Ancestral Eumetazoan Gene Repertoire and Genomic Organization
Putnam, N. H., Srivastava, M., Hellsten, U., Dirks, B., Chapman, J., Salamov, A., Terry, A., Shapiro, H., Lindquist, E., Kapitonov, V. V., et al. (2007) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1139158 · Cited by 1,555
Enzyme promiscuity: A mechanistic and evolutionary perspective
Tawfik, O. K. A. D. S. (2010) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev-biochem-030409-143718 · Cited by 1,355
Natural language and natural selection
Pinker, S., & Bloom, P. (1990) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00081061 · Cited by 1,330
Neural reuse: A fundamental organizational principle of the brain
Anderson, M. L. (2010) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x10000853 · Cited by 1,212
DNA transposons and the evolution of eukaryotic genomes.
Feschotte, C., & Pritham, E. J. (2007) · Annual Review of Genetics · doi:10.1146/annurev.genet.40.110405.090448 · Cited by 1,218
Homology of the eyeless Gene of Drosophila to the Small eye Gene in Mice and Aniridia in Humans
Quiring, R., Walldorf, U., Kloter, U., & Gehring, W. J. (1994) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7914031 · Cited by 1,100
Genes, evolution, and personality
Bouchard, T. J., & Loehlin, J. C. (2001) · Behavior Genetics · doi:10.1023/a:1012294324713 · Cited by 1,085
Rakic, P. (1995) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/0166-2236(95)93934-p · Cited by 1,047
Evolution at Two Levels: On Genes and Form
Carroll, S. B. (2005) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0030245 · Cited by 882
Blount, Z. D., Borland, C. Z., & Lenski, R. E. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0803151105 · Cited by 840
Alternative Splicing Regulatory Networks: Functions, Mechanisms, and Evolution
Ule, J., & Blencowe, B. J. (2019) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2019.09.017 · Cited by 780
The evolutionary origin of orphan genes
Tautz, D., & Domazet-Lošo, T. (2011) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/nrg3053 · Cited by 764
Pax 6: mastering eye morphogenesis and eye evolution
Gehring, W. J., & Ikeo, K. (1999) · Trends in Genetics · doi:10.1016/s0168-9525(99)01776-x · Cited by 758
Proto-genes and de novo gene birth
Carvunis, A.-R., Rolland, T., Wapinski, I., Calderwood, M. A., Yildirim, M. A., Simonis, N., Charloteaux, B., Hidalgo, C. A., Barbette, J., Santhanam, B., et al. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11184 · Cited by 669
Biological networks: the tinkerer as an engineer
Alon, U. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1089072 · Cited by 706
Bzdok, D., Schilbach, L., Vogeley, K., Schneider, K., Laird, A. R., Langner, R., & Eickhoff, S. B. (2012) · Brain Structure and Function · doi:10.1007/s00429-012-0380-y · Cited by 653
Enzyme promiscuity: evolutionary and mechanistic aspects
Khersonsky, O., Roodveldt, C., & Tawfik, D. S. (2006) · Current Opinion in Chemical Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2006.08.011 · Cited by 641
Genomic analysis of a key innovation in an experimental Escherichia coli population
Blount, Z. D., Barrick, J. E., Davidson, C. J., & Lenski, R. E. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11514 · Cited by 612
Alzheimer's disease as homeostatic responses to age-related myelin breakdown
Bartzokis, G. (2011) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2009.08.007 · Cited by 546
Modular cell biology: retroactivity and insulation
Del Vecchio, D., Ninfa, A. J., & Sontag, E. D. (2008) · Molecular Systems Biology · doi:10.1038/msb4100204 · Cited by 519
The new animal phylogeny: Reliability and implications
Adoutte, A., Balavoine, G., Lartillot, N., Lespinet, O., Prud'homme, B., & de Rosa, R. (2000) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.97.9.4453 · Cited by 512
Repeated morphological evolution through cis-regulatory changes in a pleiotropic gene
Prud'homme, B., Gompel, N., Rokas, A., Kassner, V. A., Williams, T. M., Yeh, S.-D., True, J. R., & Carroll, S. B. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04597 · Cited by 507
Tracking footprints of artificial selection in the dog genome
Akey, J. M., Ruhe, A. L., Akey, D. T., Wong, A. K., Connelly, C. F., Madeoy, J., Nicholas, T. J., & Neff, M. W. (2010) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0909918107 · Cited by 350
Brosius, J. (1999) · Gene · doi:10.1016/s0378-1119(99)00227-9 · Cited by 345
Minireview: Endocrine disruptors: Past lessons and future directions
Schug, T. T., Johnson, A. F., Birnbaum, L. S., Colborn, T., Guillette, L. J., Crews, D. P., Collins, T., Soto, A. M., vom Saal, F. S., McLachlan, J. A., et al. (2016) · Molecular Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/me.2016-1096 · Cited by 282
Bacterial Adaptation through Loss of Function
Hottes, A. K., Freddolino, L., Khare, A., Donnell, Z. N., Liu, J. C., & Tavazoie, S. (2013) · PLoS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1003617 · Cited by 270
The evolution of combinatorial gene regulation in fungi
Tuch, B. B., Galgoczy, D. J., Hernday, A. D., Li, H., & Johnson, A. D. (2008) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060038 · Cited by 228
Why is Brain Size so Important:Design Problems and Solutions as Neocortex Gets Biggeror Smaller
Kaas, J. H. (2000) · Brain and Mind · doi:10.1023/a:1010028405318 · Cited by 225
Multiple roles of the coding sequence 5′ end in gene expression regulation
Tuller, T., & Zur, H. (2015) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gku1313 · Cited by 206
How Robust Are Probabilistic Models of Higher-Level Cognition?
Marcus, G. F., & Davis, E. (2013) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0956797613495418 · Cited by 195
Walters, E. T. (1994) · International Review of Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0074-7742(08)60307-4 · Cited by 206
Horvát, S., Gămănuț, R., Ercsey-Ravasz, M., Magrou, L., Gămănuț, B., Van Essen, D. C., Burkhalter, A., Knoblauch, K., Toroczkai, Z., & Kennedy, H. (2016) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002512 · Cited by 198
De Novo Origin of Human Protein-Coding Genes
Wu, D.-D., Irwin, D. M., & Zhang, Y.-P. (2011) · PLoS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1002379 · Cited by 183
Gene sharing in lens and cornea: facts and implications
Piatigorsky, J. (1998) · Progress in Retinal and Eye Research · doi:10.1016/s1350-9462(97)00004-9 · Cited by 159
Couzigou, J.-M., Zhukov, V., Mondy, S., Abu el Heba, G., Cosson, V., Ellis, T. H. N., Ambrose, M., Wen, J., Tadege, M., Tikhonovich, I., et al. (2012) · The Plant Cell · doi:10.1105/tpc.112.103747 · Cited by 145
The evolutionary ecology of technological innovations
Solée, R. V., Valverde, S., Casals, M. R., Kauffman, S. A., Farmer, D., & Eldredge, N. (2013) · Complexity · doi:10.1002/cplx.21436 · Cited by 140
The Evolution of Language: A Comparative Review
Fitch, W. T. (2005) · Biology & Philosophy · doi:10.1007/s10539-005-5597-1 · Cited by 137
Propulsive nanomachines: the convergent evolution of archaella, flagella and cilia
Beeby, M., Ferreira, J. L., Tripp, P., Albers, S.-V., & Mitchell, D. R. (2020) · FEMS Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1093/femsre/fuaa006 · Cited by 110
Linear mitochondrial genomes: 30 years down the line
Nosek, J., Tomáška, L., Fukuhara, H., Suyama, Y., & Kováč, L. (1998) · Trends in Genetics · doi:10.1016/s0168-9525(98)01443-7 · Cited by 122
Eastwick, P. W. (2009) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0016845 · Cited by 116
Spontaneous emergence of modularity in cellular networks
Solé, R. V., & Valverde, S. (2008) · Journal of The Royal Society Interface · doi:10.1098/rsif.2007.1108 · Cited by 102
Hormone signaling in evolution and development: a non-model system approachs
Heyland, A., Hodin, J., & Reitzel, A. M. (2005) · BioEssays · doi:10.1002/bies.20136 · Cited by 99
The Ribosome Challenge to the RNA World
Bowman, J. C., Hud, N. V., & Williams, L. D. (2015) · Journal of Molecular Evolution · doi:10.1007/s00239-015-9669-9 · Cited by 99
Koonin, E. V. (2007) · Biology Direct · doi:10.1186/1745-6150-2-15 · Cited by 97
“, [63,64] but the basic framework is Darwinian.”
Fuxe, K., Borroto-Escuela, D. O., Romero-Fernandez, W., Ciruela, F., Manger, P., Leo, G., Díaz-Cabiale, Z., & Agnati, L. F. (2012) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2012.01.062 · Cited by 81
Lrat-specific domain facilitates Vitamin A metabolism by domain swapping in HRASLS3
Golczak, M., Sears, A. E., Kiser, P. D., & Palczewski, K. (2015) · Nature Chemical Biology · doi:10.1038/nchembio.1687 · Cited by 58
Evolutionary obstacles and not C–F bond strength make PFAS persistent
Wackett, L. P. (2024) · Microbial Biotechnology · doi:10.1111/1751-7915.14463 · Cited by 60
Elmqvist, T., Siri, J., Andersson, E., Anderson, P., Bai, X., Das, P. K., Gatere, T., Gonzalez, A., Goodness, J., Handel, S. N., et al. (2018) · Sustainability Science · doi:10.1007/s11625-018-0611-0 · Cited by 66
Co-opting evo-devo concepts for new insights into mechanisms of behavioural diversity
Hoke, K. L., Adkins-Regan, E., Bass, A. H., McCune, A. R., & Wolfner, M. F. (2019) · Journal of Experimental Biology · doi:10.1242/jeb.190058 · Cited by 42
Zhao, L., Svetec, N., & Begun, D. J. (2024) · Annual Review of Genetics · doi:10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102413 · Cited by 38
Evolving complexity: how tinkering shapes cells, software and ecological networks.
Solé, R., & Valverde, S. (2020) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2019.0325 · Cited by 37
Fundamental constraints to the logic of living systems
Solé, R., Kempes, C. P., Corominas-Murtra, B., De Domenico, M., Kolchinsky, A., Lachmann, M., Libby, E., Saavedra, S., Smith, E., & Wolpert, D. (2024) · Interface Focus · doi:10.1098/rsfs.2024.0010 · Cited by 34
Towards an integrative theory of consciousness: Part 1 (Neurobiological and cognitive models)
De Sousa, A. (2013) · Mens Sana Monographs · doi:10.4103/0973-1229.109335 · Cited by 33
A Short History of Nearly Every Sense—The Evolutionary History of Vertebrate Sensory Cell Types
Schlosser, G. (2018) · Integrative and Comparative Biology · doi:10.1093/icb/icy024 · Cited by 33
The road to synthetic multicellularity
Solé, R., Ollé-Vila, A., Vidiella, B., Duran-Nebreda, S., & Conde-Pueyo, N. (2018) · Current Opinion in Systems Biology · doi:10.1016/j.coisb.2017.11.007 · Cited by 19
Possible genetic and epigenetic links between human inner speech, schizophrenia and altruism
Agnati, L. F., Barlow, P., Ghidoni, R., Borroto-Escuela, D. O., Guidolin, D., & Fuxe, K. (2012) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2012.02.074 · Cited by 29
Brains, Behaviour, and Cognition: Multiple Misconceptions
Font, E., Burghardt, G. M., & Leal, M. (2023) · Health and Welfare of Captive Reptiles · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-86012-7_7 · Cited by 24
Convergent Evolutionary Paths in Biological and Technological Networks
Solé, R. V., Valverde, S., & Rodriguez-Caso, C. (2011) · Evolution: Education and Outreach · doi:10.1007/s12052-011-0346-1 · Cited by 20
Liu, J., Yuan, R., Shao, W., Wang, J., Silman, I., & Sussman, J. L. (2023) · Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics · doi:10.1002/prot.26496 · Cited by 18
The Somatic Marker Hypothesis and Political Life
Verweij, M., & Damasio, A. (2019) · Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.928 · Cited by 15
The Rapid Evolution of De Novo Proteins in Structure and Complex
(2024) · doi:10.1093/gbe/evae107 · Cited by 13
An interview with Robert Lawler
Lawler, R. W., & Rushby, N. (2013) · British Journal of Educational Technology · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8535.2012.01372.x · Cited by 10
Metadata
- Authors
- Jacob, F.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1977-06-10
- Volume
- 196
- Issue
- 4295
- Pages
- 1161-1166
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2065127848
- Cited by
- 2,690
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 16.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.