The DOI matches its Crossref record; 126 of the 126 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 118 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging
Open accessAbstract
The effects of aging on the immune system are manifest at multiple levels that include reduced production of B and T cells in bone marrow and thymus and diminished function of mature lymphocytes in secondary lymphoid tissues. As a result, elderly individuals do not respond to immune challenge as robustly as the young. An important goal of aging research is to define the cellular changes that occur in the immune system and the molecular events that underlie them. Considerable progress has been made in this regard, and this information has provided the rationale for clinical trials to rejuvenate the aging immune system.
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In the paper
“Despite the increase in their number, myeloid-biased stem cells are not as robust as their young counterparts (24)”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Effects of aging on immune system development
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [24] source
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIn the paper
“This is illustrated by increased vulnerability of individuals 70 years of age and older to influenza (1)”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Introduction
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [1] source
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesNone of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“As a result, elderly individuals do not respond to immune challenge as robustly as the young.”
- Also stated in: § Introduction · hedged
“While elderly individuals are by no means immunodeficient, they often do not respond efficiently to novel or previously encountered antigens.”
- Also stated in: § Introduction · plain
“This is illustrated by increased vulnerability of individuals 70 years of age and older to influenza (1), a situation that is exacerbated by their poor response to vaccination (2)(3)(4).”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [1] source
- Not checked yetcites (2)(3)(4)
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Also stated in: § Introduction · hedged
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“which in turn could underlie the numerous age-related deficiencies observed in mature myeloid cells such as neutrophils and macrophages (25,26).”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Effects of aging on immune system development
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesNone of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“This shift has been correlated with increased expression of myeloid lineage genes and downregulation of those specifying a lymphoid lineage fate (11,17).”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Effects of aging on immune system development
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIn the paper
“primary lymphopoiesis in the elderly is significantly diminished, as exemplified by involution of the thymus (8)(9)(10).”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Effects of aging on immune system development
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites (8)(9)(10)
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesNone of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“The causes of this age-related reduction in lymphocyte development are multifactorial and include changes in HSCs and progenitor cells (11,12) as well as the local tissue and systemic environments (13,14).”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Effects of aging on immune system development
What the sources say
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesNone of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“The age-related increase in expression of myeloid lineage genes in the studies noted above (11,17) likely resulted from the accumulation of myeloid-biased HSCs, as these analyses were performed on unseparated pools of HSCs.”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Effects of aging on immune system development
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIn the paper
“a situation that is exacerbated by their poor response to vaccination (2)(3)(4).”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Introduction
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites (2)(3)(4)
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesNone of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“this has led to the conclusion that age-related changes in the endocrine system contribute to declines in lymphopoiesis.”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Effects of aging on immune system development
What the sources say
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes
- It may state two separate claims as one. 28
- Probably not a substantial claim. 3
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“From an immunologic perspective, the most profound effect of stem cell aging in both mice (11,18) and humans (17) is a decreased capacity to produce lymphocytes and an increase in myeloid potential.”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Effects of aging on immune system development
What the sources say
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“it is now appreciated that the number of lymphoid-biased stem cells declines with age concomitant with an increase in myeloid-biased HSCs (19).”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Effects of aging on immune system development
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [19] source
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“The effects of aging on the immune system are manifest at multiple levels that include reduced production of B and T cells in bone marrow and thymus and diminished function of mature lymphocytes in secondary lymphoid tissues.”
- Also stated in: § Effects of aging on immune system development · plain
“primary lymphopoiesis in the elderly is significantly diminished, as exemplified by involution of the thymus (8)(9)(10).”
- Also stated in: § Effects of aging on immune system development · plain
“the number of B cell (28)(29)(30)(31) and T cell (32,33) progenitors in bone marrow and thymus is markedly reduced with age.”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Abstract
What the sources say
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § Effects of aging on immune system development · plain
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“HSCs exhibit multiple age-related changes that include impaired adherence to stromal cells and, in some strains of mice (15,16) and elderly humans (17), an increase in number.”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Effects of aging on immune system development
What the sources say
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The effects of aging on the immune system are widespread and affect the rate at which naive B and T cells are produced as well as the composition and quality of the mature lymphocyte pool.”
- Also stated in: § Aging and the decline of immune function · boosted
“The answer is that the composition and quality of the mature lymphocyte pool is profoundly altered by aging.”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Introduction
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § Aging and the decline of immune function · boosted
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, chronic stimulation with persistent viral infections such as CMV can exhaust the naive pool of cells and result in an oligoclonal memory cell expansion.”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Aging and the decline of immune function
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“This decline is likely due to decreased numbers of IgM + memory and switched memory B cells, because the total number of naive B cells remains unchanged by aging (51,52).”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Figure 1
What the sources say
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Regardless of how the shift occurs from a salutary to an inflammatory milieu, the end result may be a negative effect on the ability of naive lymphocytes from the bone marrow or thymus to lodge in an organ such as the spleen as well as the function of mature lymphocytes already resident in that tissue.”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Figure 1
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Similar to B cell progenitors, ETPs and DN cells from old mice also exhibit age-related defects in proliferation and high rates of apoptosis (ref.32 and Figure 1).”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Effects of aging on immune system development
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites (ref.32)
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“These oligoclonal expanded CD8 + memory T cells are further distinguished in humans by loss of expression of the CD28 co-stimulatory molecule (47,48) and impaired immune function.”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Figure 1
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The accumulation of CD8 + CD28 -T cells and CMV seropositivity are components of the immune risk profile, which has been proposed as a predictor of mortality in individuals 65 and older (49)”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Figure 1
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [49] source
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Lymphoid-biased HSCs in old mice also appear to accumulate deficiencies that, as discussed below, may compromise their selfrenewal potential and contribute to the decline of this population (27).”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Effects of aging on immune system development
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [27] source
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Age-relat-ed microenvironmental changes also have a major impact in the thymus, where T cell development is dependent upon an intact thymic milieu composed of fibroblasts, macrophages, dendritic cells, and thymic epithelial cells.”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Effects of aging on immune system development
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“B cell number in mice is unchanged by aging, but in human peripheral blood their absolute number is reduced (51).”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Figure 1
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [51] source
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“It is clear that the number of thymic epithelial cells declines over time and that they are not replaced, as a result of impaired proliferation (38).”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Effects of aging on immune system development
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [38] source
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“For example, common lymphoid progenitors, pre-pro-B cells, and pro-B cells from old mice do not proliferate as extensively as do young cells, and they exhibit significantly higher rates of apoptosis.”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Effects of aging on immune system development
What the sources say
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Levels of ROS in cells may also be regulated by ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase, and age-related declines in expression of ATM can result in an increase in ROS in cells (77,78).”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Intracellular changes in developing and mature lymphocytes
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:conditional· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“CD4 + T cells exhibit reduced T cell receptor signaling intensity and altered production of various cytokines following antigen binding (70,71).”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Figure 1
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [70] Maue, 2009, Curr Opin Immunol.
- Not checked yetcites [71] source
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Thus, repeated cell division may result in progressive telomere shortening that in turn results in DNA damage that can no longer be repaired efficiently due to agerelated defects in DNA repair mechanisms (75).”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Intracellular changes in developing and mature lymphocytes
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [75] source
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“GH and IGF-1 bind to receptors expressed on thymocytes (101) and thymic epithelial cells (102)”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Rejuvenating the aging immune system
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“mice with hypomorphic expression of DNMT1 exhibit relatively normal myeloerythroid potential but show a significant block in lymphoid development (92).”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Intracellular changes in developing and mature lymphocytes
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [92] source
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“In this regard, loss of DNMT3a impairs differentiation of HSCs while their number increases in the bone marrow (91)”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Intracellular changes in developing and mature lymphocytes
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [91] source
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Wang and colleagues demonstrated that BATF levels increased in HSCs in response to DNA damage and that this resulted in the differentiation of lymphoid-biased HSCs at the expense of their self-renewal (27).”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Intracellular changes in developing and mature lymphocytes
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [27] source
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“recent studies have shown that both Ink4a and Arf expression increases in pro-B cells from old mice and that inhibiting their expression can partially reverse the effects of aging (81).”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Intracellular changes in developing and mature lymphocytes
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [81] source
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“GH treatment resulted in increased thymic mass, increased thymic output as measured by T cell receptor rearrangement excision circles in circulating T cells, and increased numbers of naive CD4 + T cells.”
- Also stated in: § Rejuvenating the aging immune system · plain
“It is important to note that the effects of GH were not thymus specific, as the subjects also had expanded numbers of naive peripheral CD4 + T cells (105).”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Rejuvenating the aging immune system
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [105] Napolitano, 2008, J Clin Invest.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § Rejuvenating the aging immune system · plain
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“and suggest that such interventions could be administered to a large cohort of individuals.”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Caveats in immune system rejuvenation
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“it is not unreasonable to expect that this information will continue to be translated into therapies to rejuvenate the aging immune system.”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Conclusions and perspectives
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✗ Checkable: fails✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
In the paper
“As predicted, levels of Ink4a expression in ETPs and DN cells harvested from FGF7-treated mice were downregulated, and these cells exhibited enhanced proliferation (82).”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Rejuvenating the aging immune system
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [82] source
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“a tremendous amount is now known regarding the cellular changes that occur in the aging immune system and the molecular events that underlie them.”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Conclusions and perspectives
Load-bearingStrength:boosted· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✗ Checkable: fails✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
In the paper
“beneficial effects were observed when it commenced in adults but were not evident when initiated in prepubertal or aged non-human primates (112).”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Rejuvenating the aging immune system
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [112] source
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“FGF7 is particularly remarkable because its administration to old mice results in a renewal of the thymic microenvironment, increased numbers of ETPs, and a restoration of thymus cellularity to levels observed in the young (106, 107).”
§ Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging > Rejuvenating the aging immune system
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
The paper relies on this without support.
The thymic effects of GH, IGF-1, and FGF7 are short-lived, and the thymus returns to its previous size after treatment ends.
“because their effects are transient and the thymus reverts to its former size following the cessation of treatment.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Aging affects the immune system differently across individuals.
“It is likely that the effects of aging on the immune system will not be uniform between individuals.”
The paper relies on this without support.
GH, IGF-1, and FGF7 act throughout the body because their receptors are present on cells in many tissues.
“factors such as GH, IGF-1, and FGF7 have widespread systemic effects due to the expression of their receptors on cells in multiple tissues.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Evidence of waning adaptive immunity is already apparent in mid adulthood, as early as at the age of 50 years, with increasing clinical relevance in the 7th–10th decade of life”
From Successful and Maladaptive T Cell Aging (2017) · cites this paper as Montecino-Rodriguez et al., 2013
In the citing paper
“most older people over the age of 60–65 years (although not all) experience some immune dysregulation that makes them less able to respond to immune challenges [33,34].”
From Immune function and micronutrient requirements change over the life course (2018) · cites this paper as [34]
Citations
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Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Weng, 2009, Trends Genet., 30, 306
- Maue, 2009, Curr Opin Immunol., 30, 301
- Napolitano, 2008, J Clin Invest., 118, 1085
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“There is increasing evidence that aging involves a chronic low-grade inflammation (9-11).”
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“Firstly, the changes in an ageing immune system have been extensively covered in the literature [69].”
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“Although prostate cancer is thought to be an immunogenic malignancy, the immune system in most patients with prostate cancer is weaker due to the older age of the patients.(86)”
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“Further, reduced production of B and T cells in primary lymphoid organs and declined function of mature lymphocytes in secondary lymphoid tissues have been associated with aging [20].”
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“If cognitive decline is primarily driven by active changes in the brain microenvironment, such as increased basal inflammation induced by a lifelong stimulation of the immune system [18, 19], then even transient pulses of purification could reverse or prevent the decline.”
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Immunoengineering Biomaterials for Musculoskeletal Tissue Repair across Lifespan
Han, J., Rindone, A. N., & Elisseeff, J. H. (2024) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.202311646 · Cited by 35
Al-Ghafli, H., Varghese, B., Enani, M. A., Alrajhi, A. A., Johani, S. A., Albarrak, A. M., Althawadi, S., Elkizzi, N., & Al‐Hajoj, S. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0213846 · Cited by 34
Lieffering, A. S., Hommes, J. E., Ramerman, L., Rakhorst, H. A., Mureau, M. A. M., Verheij, R. A., & van der Hulst, R. R. W. J. (2022) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.36519 · Cited by 33
Human gene expression variability and its dependence on methylation and aging
Bashkeel, N., Perkins, T. J., Kærn, M., & Lee, J. M. (2019) · BMC Genomics · doi:10.1186/s12864-019-6308-7 · Cited by 33
“These genes are involved in leukocyte-mediated immunity and defense responses to other organisms, which is supported by previous studies [40].”
ResultSinghal, G., Morgan, J., Jawahar, M. C., Corrigan, F., Jaehne, E. J., Toben, C. G., Breen, J., Pederson, S., Manavis, J., Hannan, A. J., et al. (2020) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112501 · Cited by 37
Santaolalla, A., Sollie, S., Rislan, A., Josephs, D. H., Hammar, N., Walldius, G., Jungner, I., Garmo, H., Karagiannis, S. N., & Hemelrijck, M. V. (2021) · BMC Immunology · doi:10.1186/s12865-021-00448-2 · Cited by 32
GIT2—A keystone in ageing and age-related disease
van Gastel, J., Boddaert, J., Jushaj, A., Premont, R. T., Luttrell, L. M., Janssens, J., Martin, B., & Maudsley, S. R. (2018) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2018.02.002 · Cited by 32
“…(Pera et al., 2015), characterized by various anomalies such as an inverse CD4/CD8 ratio, loss of efficient B and T cell migration to secondary immune tissue (Montecino-Rodriguez et al., 2013) and decline in the frequency of well-functioning natural killer cells (Albright and Albright, 1985).”
BackgroundAutophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome crosstalk in neuroinflammation in aged bovine brains
Biase, D. D., Piegari, G., Prisco, F., Cimmino, I., Pirozzi, C., Raso, G. M., Oriente, F., Grieco, E., Papparella, S., & Paciello, O. (2020) · Journal of Cellular Physiology · doi:10.1002/jcp.29426 · Cited by 32
Rasyid, H., Sangkereng, A., Harjianti, T., & Soetjipto, A. S. (2021) · Physiological Reports · doi:10.14814/phy2.14876 · Cited by 31
A nutrigeroscience approach: Dietary macronutrients and cellular senescence
Calubag, M. F., Robbins, P. D., & Lamming, D. W. (2024) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2024.07.025 · Cited by 33
Kršek, A., Ostojić, L., Zivalj, D., & Batičić, L. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25179695 · Cited by 36
Eremenko, E., Mittal, K., Berner, O., Kamenetsky, N., Nemirovsky, A., Elyahu, Y., & Monsonego, A. (2019) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.04.019 · Cited by 33
Molecular Targeted Therapies in Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Recent Advances and Future Challenges
Sorrentino, C., & Carlo, E. D. (2023) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers15112885 · Cited by 32
Aging affects the responsiveness of rat peritoneal macrophages to GM-CSF and IL-4
Dimitrijević, M., Stanojević, S., Blagojević, V., Ćuruvija, I., Vujnović, I., Petrović, R., Arsenović-Ranin, N., Vujić, V., & Leposavić, G. (2015) · Biogerontology · doi:10.1007/s10522-015-9620-x · Cited by 31
Clusterin drives myeloid bias in aged hematopoietic stem cells by regulating mitochondrial function
Sun, N., Lin, C.-H., Li, M. Y., Wang, Y., Chen, D., Ren, X., Zhang, F., & Zhang, Y. (2025) · Nature Aging · doi:10.1038/s43587-025-00908-z · Cited by 32
Gong, Y., Li, C., Wang, C., Li, J., Ding, M., Chen, D., & Lao, M. (2020) · Infection and Drug Resistance · doi:10.2147/idr.s242187 · Cited by 30
“Several immune alterations have been noticed in the elderly with cellular and humoral immunity being impaired.(2) Except for the established risk factors, the high rate of comorbidity, malnutrition, and polypharmacy, which are common in the older adults, could intervene the clinical management of IFD.”
Fate of Hematopoiesis During Aging. What Do We Really Know, and What are its Implications?
Broxmeyer, H. E., Liu, Y., Kapur, R., Orschell, C. M., Aljoufi, A., Ropa, J. P., Trinh, T. L. P., Burns, S. S., & Capitano, M. L. (2020) · Stem Cell Reviews and Reports · doi:10.1007/s12015-020-10065-y · Cited by 30
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Food and nutrition as modifiers of the immune system: A mechanistic overview
Pahwa, H., & Sharan, K. (2022) · Trends in Food Science & Technology · doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2022.03.017 · Cited by 36
Age-associated changes in the circulating human antibody repertoire are upregulated in autoimmunity
Arvey, A. J., Rowe, M., Legutki, J. B., An, G., Gollapudi, A., Lei, A., Colston, B. W., Putterman, C., Smith, D. S., Stiles, J., et al. (2020) · Immunity & Ageing · doi:10.1186/s12979-020-00193-x · Cited by 30
ABO Blood System and COVID-19 Susceptibility: Anti-A and Anti-B Antibodies Are the Key Points
Tamayo-Velasco, Á., Peñarrubia-Ponce, M. J., Álvarez, F. J., de la Fuente, I., González, S. P., & Andaluz‐Ojeda, D. (2022) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.882477 · Cited by 29
“Aging reduces the production of B and T cells in the bone marrow and thymus and diminishes the function of mature lymphocytes in secondary lymphoid tissues (50).”
BackgroundMposhi, A., & Turner, J. D. (2023) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1215544 · Cited by 30
“Although T and B cells are longer lived and are partly maintained through their normal proliferative actions, these populations are also continually replenished with new-born naïve cells effectively maintaining polyclonality in their specificities (71).”
BackgroundInfluence of Population Immunosuppression and Past Vaccination on Smallpox Reemergence
MacIntyre, C. R., Costantino, V., Chen, X., Segelov, E., Chughtai, A. A., Kelleher, A. D., Kunasekaran, M. P., & Lane, J. M. (2018) · Emerging infectious diseases · doi:10.3201/eid2404.171233 · Cited by 29
“Furthermore, immunosenescence is a predictable, exponential decline in immune function that occurs after 50 years of age (10) and reduces the body’s ability to fight infection and respond to vaccines (11).”
BackgroundThe ageing immune system as a driver of systemic ageing
Jang, I. H., Niedernhofer, L. J., Robbins, P. D., & Camell, C. D. (2026) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-026-01269-3 · Cited by 35
Ramatroban as a Novel Immunotherapy for COVID-19
Gupta, A., Kalantar‐Zadeh, K., & Srinivasa, T. R. (2020) · doi:10.37421/jmgm.2020.14.457 · Cited by 28
“progressive decline in immune function with aging [2].”
BackgroundPicón, C., Velarde, A. T., Fernández-Velasco, J. I., Comabella, M., Álvarez‐Lafuente, R., Quintana, E., de la Maza, S. S., Monreal, E., Villarrubia, N., Alvarez-Cermeño, J. C., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.685139 · Cited by 32
“Age-related changes in the immune system have been extensively studied (6, 7).”
BackgroundInvolvement of NF-κBIZ and related cytokines in age-associated renal fibrosis
Chung, K. W., Jeong, H. O., Lee, B., Park, D., Kim, D. H., Choi, Y. J., Lee, E. K., Kim, K. M., Park, J. W., Yu, B. P., et al. (2017) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.14614 · Cited by 28
“Age-related inflammation has several characteristic features, such as, dysregulation of the immune systems and increased oxidative stress, and dysregulation of the immune system is primary cause of inflammation during aging [3, 4].”
BackgroundFelizardo, A. A., Caldas, I. S., Mendonça, A. A. S., Gonçalves, R. V., Tana, F. L., de Almeida, L. A., & Novaes, R. D. (2018) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.09.031 · Cited by 28
Age modulates the relationship between platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and coronary artery disease
Trakarnwijitr, I., Li, B., Adams, H. S. L., Layland, J. J., Garlick, J., & Wilson, A. (2017) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.06.127 · Cited by 27
Current Scenario and Strategies to Tackle Cardiovascular Disease Risk in HIV Geriatrics
Shabil, M., Kumar, V., Dhingra, S., Ravichandiran, V., Parihar, V. K., Kumar, N., Pandey, K., & Murti, K. (2023) · Current Pharmacology Reports · doi:10.1007/s40495-023-00332-0 · Cited by 27
“T cells are mainly affected by aging [142, 143].”
BackgroundAge-Associated Contraction of Tumor-Specific T Cells Impairs Antitumor Immunity
Georgiev, P., Han, S., Huang, A. Y., Nguyen, T. H., Drijvers, J. M., Creasey, H., Pereira, J. A., Yao, C.-H., Park, J. S., Conway, T. S., et al. (2024) · Cancer Immunology Research · doi:10.1158/2326-6066.cir-24-0463 · Cited by 27
Okpechi, S. C., Fong, J. T., Gill, S. S., Harman, J. C., Nguyen, T. H., Chukwurah, Q., Onor, I. O., & Alahari, S. K. (2021) · Aging and Disease · doi:10.14336/ad.2020.1211 · Cited by 26
“existing comorbidities and diminished immunity [6, 7].”
Gut Microbiota Predicts Healthy Late-Life Aging in Male Mice
Ke, S., Mitchell, S. J., MacArthur, M. R., Kane, A. E., Sinclair, D. A., Venable, E. M., Chadaideh, K. S., Carmody, R. N., Grodstein, F., Mitchell, J. R., et al. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13093290 · Cited by 28
“Aging is associated with a decline in immune system function at multiple levels [40].”
BackgroundWesters‐Attema, A., Lohman, B. G. P. M., van den Heijkant, F., Nelemans, P. J., Winnepenninckx, V. J. L., Kelleners-Smeets, N. W. J., & Mosterd, K. (2014) · Dermatology · doi:10.1159/000366500 · Cited by 26
Aging Reduces Intermittent Hypoxia–induced Lung Carcinoma Growth in a Mouse Model of Sleep Apnea
Torres, M., Campillo, N., Nonaka, P. N., Montserrat, J. M., Gozal, D., Martínez‐García, M. Á., Campos‐Rodríguez, F., Navajas, D., Farré, R., & Almendros, I. (2018) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.201805-0892le · Cited by 26
T Cell–Expressed microRNA-155 Reduces Lifespan in a Mouse Model of Age-Related Chronic Inflammation
Ekiz, H. A., Ramstead, A. G., Lee, S.-H., Nelson, M. C., Bauer, K. M., Wallace, J. A., Hu, R., Round, J. L., Rutter, J. P., Drummond, M. J., et al. (2020) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1901484 · Cited by 26
“Supporting previous findings (1), the frequency of naive T cell subsets were found to decrease with aging in WT mice whereas both CD4 and CD8 memory T cell subsets were elevated (Fig.”
BackgroundResultLu, Q., Lu, J., Wu, Z., Liu, X., Li, J., Dong, J., Yin, G., Lv, Y., & Zhang, X. (2018) · Clinical Interventions in Aging · doi:10.2147/cia.s153058 · Cited by 25
Kızmaz, M., Kurt, B. K., Kargın, N. Ç., & Döner, E. (2019) · Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1007/s40520-019-01423-z · Cited by 25
Wu, L., Emmens, R. W., van Wezenbeek, J., Stooker, W., Allaart, C. P., Vonk, A. B. A., van Rossum, A. C., Niessen, H. W. M., & Krijnen, P. A. J. (2020) · Clinical Research in Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s00392-020-01619-8 · Cited by 25
CD8+ T cell subpopulations and pro‐inflammatory cytokines in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder
Shi, Z., Qiu, Y., Zhao, Z., Wen, D., Chen, H., Du, Q., Zhang, Y., Wang, J., Yan, C., Yang, M., et al. (2020) · Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology · doi:10.1002/acn3.51241 · Cited by 25
“Previous literatures have demonstrated that the number of lymphoid-biased HSCs declines with increasing ages, that in turn leading to a diminished number of naive cells that migrate to secondary lymphoid tissues and peripheral circulations.(30) As a consequence, the down-regulation of CD8 TN cells results in reduction…”
ResultAraia, Z. Z., Mesfin, A. B., Mebrahtu, A. H., Tewelde, A. G., Osman, R., & Tuumzghi, H. A. (2021) · Diabetes Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity · doi:10.2147/dmso.s293557 · Cited by 25
Yan, X., Imano, N., Tamaki, K., Sano, M., & Shinmura, K. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0252547 · Cited by 27
“Immunosenescence is a multifactorial condition observed in the elderly, consisting of a decreased capacity to respond to vaccination and invading pathogens, and an increased proinflammatory response owing to the accumulation of memory/effector cells [2, 4, 7, 8].”
BackgroundFunction and treatment strategies of β-hydroxybutyrate in aging
Xiang, Y., Wang, Q., Lan, X., Zhang, H., & Wei, D. (2022) · Smart Materials in Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.smaim.2022.09.003 · Cited by 26
Lessons of Vascular Specialization From Secondary Lymphoid Organ Lymphatic Endothelial Cells
Arroz‐Madeira, S., Bekkhus, T., Ulvmar, M. H., & Petrova, T. V. (2023) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.123.322136 · Cited by 27
Xiao, J., Zhou, H., Wu, N., & Wu, L. (2015) · Cellular and Molecular Immunology · doi:10.1038/cmi.2015.39 · Cited by 25
Aging-related genes are potential prognostic biomarkers for patients with gliomas
Xiao, G., Zhang, X., Zhang, X., Chen, Y., Xia, Z., Cao, H., Huang, J. X., & Cheng, Q. (2021) · Aging · doi:10.18632/aging.203008 · Cited by 24
“Many cells (such as Th1 responses, CD8 cytotoxic T cells, B cells, NK cells, and macrophages) are involved in Cancer immunosurveillance which is the ability of immune system to identify and kill new malignant cells [43, 44].”
BackgroundEpidemiology and outcomes of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in the elderly
Muthu, V., Sehgal, I. S., Prasad, K. T., Dhooria, S., Garg, M. K., Aggarwal, A. N., Chakrabarti, A., & Agarwal, R. (2021) · Mycoses · doi:10.1111/myc.13388 · Cited by 25
Sex Differences Distinctly Impact High-Fat Diet-Induced Immune Dysfunction in Wistar Rats
Tibães, J. R. B., Azarcoya‐Barrera, J., Wollin, B., Veida-Silva, H., Makarowski, A., Vine, D. F., Tsai, S. J., Jacobs, R. L., & Richard, C. (2022) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/nxac024 · Cited by 27
Berastegui, N., Ainciburu, M., Romero, J. P., García‐Olloqui, P., Piérola, A. A., Philippe, C., Vilas‐Zornoza, A., Martín‐Úriz, P. S., Ruiz-Hernández, R., Abarrategi, A., et al. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-35192-7 · Cited by 26
Tut, G., Lancaster, T., Krutikov, M., Sylla, P., Bone, D., Spalkova, E., Bentley, C., Amin, U., Jadir, A., Hulme, S., et al. (2023) · Nature Aging · doi:10.1038/s43587-022-00328-3 · Cited by 28
Fitzgerald, H., Bonin, J. L., Khan, S., Eid, M., Sadhu, S., Rahtes, A., Lipscomb, M., Biswas, N., Decker, C., Nabage, M., et al. (2023) · American Journal Of Pathology · doi:10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.08.011 · Cited by 27
Two cases of listeria rhombencephalitis
Mansbridge, C., Grecu, I., Chong, J. S. L. V., Vandervelde, C., & Saeed, K. B. A. (2017) · IDCases · doi:10.1016/j.idcr.2017.12.002 · Cited by 24
“Aging also causes a depression in CMI, due to a reduction in bone marrow progenitor cells, thymic involution and a reduction in the function of mature lymphocytes [12].”
BackgroundNaismith, E., & Pangrazzi, L. (2019) · Bioscience Reports · doi:10.1042/bsr20190371 · Cited by 24
Pneumonic versus Nonpneumonic Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Crisafulli, E., Manco, A. A., Ferrer, M., Huerta, A. H., Micheletto, C., Girelli, D., Clini, E. M., & Torres, A. (2020) · Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1055/s-0040-1702196 · Cited by 24
Patil, S. V., Gondhali, G., & Acharya, A. (2022) · The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1186/s43162-022-00163-3 · Cited by 24
Dong, X., Song, Y., Liu, Y., Kou, X., Yang, T., Shi, S. X.-Y., He, K., Li, Y., Li, Z., Yao, X., et al. (2024) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.adi6626 · Cited by 22
“This disparity may be attributed to immunosenescence, where aging diminishes the immune system’s capacity to respond to new challenges ( 42 – 45 ).”
BackgroundHaematopoietic ageing in health and lifespan
Andersson, R., Mejía-Ramírez, E., & Florian, M. C. (2025) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/s41556-025-01739-1 · Cited by 27
Alemtuzumab outcomes by age: Post hoc analysis from the randomized CARE-MS studies over 8 years
Bass, A. D.-D., Arroyo, R., Boster, A. L., Boyко, A., Eichau, S., Ionete, C., Limmroth, V., Navas, C., Pelletier, D., Pozzilli, C., et al. (2020) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2020.102717 · Cited by 22
“Age-related immunity deficits include slowed cellular repopulation following alemtuzumab-induced lymphopenia, and reduced numbers and diversity of newly generated T lymphocytes, potentially limiting effective responses to infections and malignancies in older adults (El Chakhtoura et al., 2017; Montecino-Rodriguez et a…”
BackgroundResultAcute Myeloid Leukemia: Is It T Time?
Khoud, M. B., Ingegnere, T., Quesnel, B., Mitra, S., & Brinster, C. (2021) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers13102385 · Cited by 24
“Strategies aimed at boosting the thymic function have encountered, so far, satisfactory results in preclinical models and clinical trials, even if transient [85].”
BackgroundFernández‐Carballido, C., Sánchez‐Piedra, C., Valls, R., Garg, K., Sánchez‐Alonso, F., Artigas, L., Mas, J. M., Jovaní, V., Arija, S. M., Campos, C., et al. (2022) · Arthritis Care & Research · doi:10.1002/acr.25048 · Cited by 22
“and with aging the composition of immune cells changes (38).”
BackgroundAge-Related Alternative Splicing: Driver or Passenger in the Aging Process?
Baralle, M., & Romano, M. (2023) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells12242819 · Cited by 25
Age-Related Pathology Associated with H1N1 A/California/07/2009 Influenza Virus Infection
Bissel, S. J., Carter, C. E., Wang, G., Johnson, S. K., Lashua, L. P., Kelvin, A. A., Wiley, C. A., Ghedin, E., & Ross, T. M. (2019) · American Journal Of Pathology · doi:10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.08.017 · Cited by 23
Beijnen, E. M. S., & van Haren, S. D. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.607977 · Cited by 22
“These cells are less efficient in creating common lymphoid progenitors with high proliferative capacity compared to their counterparts, which directly contributes to the reduction in naive T cell generation in the aged population (69).”
BackgroundEngineering Mice to Study Human Immunity
Sefik, E., Xiao, T., Chiorazzi, M., Odell, I. D., Zhang, F., Agrawal, K., Micevic, G., & Flavell, R. A. (2025) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-082523-124415 · Cited by 24
Obstructive sleep apnea and influenza infection: a nationwide population-based cohort study
Chen, T. Y., Chang, R., Chiu, L., Hung, Y., & Wei, J. C. (2021) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2021.02.034 · Cited by 21
Multiple waves of fetal‐derived immune cells constitute adult immune system
Kobayashi, M., & Yoshimoto, M. (2023) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1111/imr.13192 · Cited by 21
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Immunology of Gut-Bone Signaling
Collins, F. L., Schepper, J. D., Rios‐Arce, N. D., Steury, M. D., Kang, H. J., Mallin, H., Schoenherr, D. T., Camfield, G., Chishti, S., McCabe, L. R., et al. (2017) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-66653-2_5 · Cited by 22
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Arai, Y., Kanda, E., Iimori, S., Naito, S., Noda, Y., Sasaki, S., Sohara, E., Okado, T., Rai, T., & Uchida, S. (2017) · Clinical and Experimental Nephrology · doi:10.1007/s10157-017-1441-6 · Cited by 21
“One of the most recognized consequences of aging is a decline in immune function [10, 11].”
BackgroundEvidence Supports a Causal Model for Vitamin D in COVID-19 OutcomesPreprint
Davies, G., Garami, A., & Byers, J. (2020) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2020.05.01.20087965 · Cited by 22
“Old age, pregnancy and infancy are typically high risk for disease due to compromised or low immunity and hypovitaminosis D [13, 14] [15] .”
BackgroundA five‐step risk management process for geriatric dental practice during SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic
Sivaraman, K., Chopra, A., Narayana, A. I., & Radhakrishnan, R. A. (2020) · Gerodontology · doi:10.1111/ger.12499 · Cited by 20
Schädel, P., Troisi, F., Czapka, A., Gebert, N., Pace, S., Ori, A., & Werz, O. (2021) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.202002684r · Cited by 22
Merza, M. A., Aswad, S. M., Sulaiman, H. M., Abdulah, D. M., Rasheed, W. S., & Taib, N. I. (2021) · PubMed Central · Cited by 19
Hester, A. K., Semwal, M. K., Cepeda, S., Xiao, Y., Rueda, M., Wimberly, K., Venables, T., Dileepan, T., Kraig, E., & Griffith, A. V. (2022) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110363 · Cited by 21
Challenges in diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis in elderly
Sharma, V., Arora, V. K., & Anupama, N. (2022) · Indian Journal of Tuberculosis · doi:10.1016/j.ijtb.2022.10.001 · Cited by 20
The impact of the senescent microenvironment on tumorigenesis: Insights for cancer therapy
Zhang, W., Zhang, K., Shi, J., Qiu, H., Kan, C., Ma, Y., Hou, N., Han, F., & Sun, X. (2024) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/acel.14182 · Cited by 23
“Additionally, the thymus damage caused by high-dose chemotherapy before transplantation leads to impaired thymic function and accelerated thymic senescence (Min et al., 2005; Montecino-Rodriguez et al., 2013).”
BackgroundSingh, A., Chia, J. J., Rao, D. S., & Hoffmann, A. (2025) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.2024025598 · Cited by 21
Kelly, R. S., Sordillo, J. E., Lutz, S. M., Ávila, L., Soto-Quirós, M., Celedon, J. C., McGeachie, M. J., Dahlin, A., Tantisira, K. G., Huang, M., et al. (2019) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo9090179 · Cited by 20
“A dysregulated immune system is one of the key facets of asthma and asthmatic lung function, and immune function is known to decline with age [14].”
BackgroundThe Sympathetic Nervous System Modulates Cancer Vaccine Activity through Monocyte-Derived Cells
Hinkle, L. E., Liu, Y., Meng, C., Chen, Z., Mai, J., Zhang, L., Xu, Y., Pan, P., Chen, S., & Shen, H. (2021) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.2100719 · Cited by 19
Age-Related Clusters and Favorable Immune Phenotypes in Young Breast Cancer Patients
Ingebriktsen, L. M., Svanøe, A. A., Sæle, A. K. M., Humlevik, R. O. C., Toska, K., Kalvenes, M. B., Aas, T., Heie, A., Askeland, C., Knutsvik, G., et al. (2024) · Modern Pathology · doi:10.1016/j.modpat.2024.100529 · Cited by 19
B‐cell capacity for differentiation changes with age
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Metadata
- Authors
- Montecino-Rodriguez, E., Berent-Maoz, B., & Dorshkind, K.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Corresponding author
- Dorshkind, Kenneth
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Investigation
- Published
- 2013-03-01
- Volume
- 123
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 958-965
- ISSN
- 0021-9738 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3582124
- OpenAlex
- W1978103330
- Semantic Scholar
- 21eeafabbc2cc60c6c46752d238c5688d989e17b
- Cited by
- 793
- References
- 120
- Citations by year
- 2026: 30 · 2025: 47 · 2024: 72 · 2023: 86 · 2022: 96 · 2021: 126 · 2020: 106 · 2019: 64 · 2018: 54 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 9
- FWCI
- 2.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Investigation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG034875, AG034875)
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune responses and vaccinations
- Keywords
- immunosenescence, B cell aging, T cell senescence, thymus, bone marrow, secondary lymphoid organs, lymphocyte function
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Animals, Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Humans, Immune System, Immunologic Factors, Lymphoid Progenitor Cells
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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