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Cited by 422Immunotherapy and Immune ResponsesRNA Interference and Gene DeliverySARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research

mRNA vaccine: a potential therapeutic strategy

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Wang, Yang, Zhang, Ziqi, Luo, Jingwen, Han, Xuejiao, Wei, Yuquan, Wei, Xiawei·2021·Molecular Cancer
DOI 10.1186/s12943-021-01311-zPMC PMC7884263
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Abstract

mRNA vaccines have tremendous potential to fight against cancer and viral diseases due to superiorities in safety, efficacy and industrial production. In recent decades, we have witnessed the development of different kinds of mRNAs by sequence optimization to overcome the disadvantage of excessive mRNA immunogenicity, instability and inefficiency. Based on the immunological study, mRNA vaccines are coupled with immunologic adjuvant and various delivery strategies. Except for sequence optimization, the assistance of mRNA-delivering strategies is another method to stabilize mRNAs and improve their efficacy. The understanding of increasing the antigen reactiveness gains insight into mRNA-induced innate immunity and adaptive immunity without antibody-dependent enhancement activity. Therefore, to address the problem, scientists further exploited carrier-based mRNA vaccines (lipid-based delivery, polymer-based delivery, peptide-based delivery, virus-like replicon particle and cationic nanoemulsion), naked mRNA vaccines and dendritic cells-based mRNA vaccines. The article will discuss the molecular biology of mRNA vaccines and underlying anti-virus and anti-tumor mechanisms, with an introduction of their immunological phenomena, delivery strategies, their importance on Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and related clinical trials against cancer and viral diseases. Finally, we will discuss the challenge of mRNA vaccines against bacterial and parasitic diseases.

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Authors
Wang, Y., Zhang, Z., Luo, J., Han, X., Wei, Y., & Wei, X.
Affiliations
Sichuan University (CN)
Corresponding author
Wei, Xiawei
ORCID
Venue
Molecular Cancer
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2021-02-16
Volume
20
Issue
1
Pages
33-33
ISSN
1476-4598 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1186/s12943-021-01311-z
PMC
PMC7884263
OpenAlex
W3129297995
Cited by
422
References
29
Citations by year
2026: 52 · 2025: 72 · 2024: 93 · 2023: 83 · 2022: 72 · 2021: 50
FWCI
7.80
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Molecular Cancer (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • the National Natural Science Foundation Regional Innovation and Development (U19A2003)
  • National Major Scientific and Technological Special Project for “Significant New Drugs Development” (No. 2018ZX09733001)
  • the Excellent Youth Foundation of Sichuan Scientific Committee Grant in China (No. 2019JDJQ008)
  • the Development Program of China (No.2016YFA0201402)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
Keywords
mRNA vaccines, lipid nanoparticles, cationic nanoemulsions, dendritic cell vaccine, innate immunity, adaptive immunity, anticancer mechanism, COVID-19 pandemic, cancer vaccines
MeSH terms
COVID-19, mRNA Vaccines, Animals, Humans, Immunotherapy, Vaccines, Synthetic, Gene Transfer Techniques, RNA Stability, Immunity, Humoral

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

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