Gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to the development of hypertension
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Recently, the potential role of gut microbiome in metabolic diseases has been revealed, especially in cardiovascular diseases. Hypertension is one of the most prevalent cardiovascular diseases worldwide, yet whether gut microbiota dysbiosis participates in the development of hypertension remains largely unknown. To investigate this issue, we carried out comprehensive metagenomic and metabolomic analyses in a cohort of 41 healthy controls, 56 subjects with pre-hypertension, 99 individuals with primary hypertension, and performed fecal microbiota transplantation from patients to germ-free mice. RESULTS: Compared to the healthy controls, we found dramatically decreased microbial richness and diversity, Prevotella-dominated gut enterotype, distinct metagenomic composition with reduced bacteria associated with healthy status and overgrowth of bacteria such as Prevotella and Klebsiella, and disease-linked microbial function in both pre-hypertensive and hypertensive populations. Unexpectedly, the microbiome characteristic in pre-hypertension group was quite similar to that in hypertension. The metabolism changes of host with pre-hypertension or hypertension were identified to be closely linked to gut microbiome dysbiosis. And a disease classifier based on microbiota and metabolites was constructed to discriminate pre-hypertensive and hypertensive individuals from controls accurately. Furthermore, by fecal transplantation from hypertensive human donors to germ-free mice, elevated blood pressure was observed to be transferrable through microbiota, and the direct influence of gut microbiota on blood pressure of the host was demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, our results describe a novel causal role of aberrant gut microbiota in contributing to the pathogenesis of hypertension. And the significance of early intervention for pre-hypertension was emphasized.
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Prevotella has been noted to be associated with several disease states.
“Prevotella has been noted to be associated with several disease states.”
From The athletic gut microbiota (2020) · cites this paper as [217]
Prevotella has been shown to be higher in patients with depression, insulin resistance, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, hypertension, and colon cancer.
“Prevotella has been shown to be higher in patients with depression [214], insulin resistance [215], non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [216, 217], hypertension [217], and colon cancer [218].”
From The athletic gut microbiota (2020) · cites this paper as [217]
Fecal transfer from human hypertensive donors into germ-free mice revealed transmission of heightened blood pressure.
“For example, fecal transfer from human hypertensive (versus normotensive) donors into germ-free mice revealed transmission of heightened blood pressure63.”
From Gut microbiota and cardiovascular disease. (2020) · cites this paper as [63]
Transferring dysbiotic faecal samples from patients with hypertension to germ-free mice or faeces from hypertensive stroke-prone SHRs to normotensive WKY rats increased blood pressure in the recipients.
“Further evidence for a causative role of gut dysbiosis in the genesis of hypertension came from faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiments in which transferring dysbiotic faecal samples from patients with hypertension to germ-free mice90 or faeces from hypertensive stroke-prone SHRs to normotensive WKY rats92 increased blood pressure in the recipients.”
From The gut microbiota and the brain–gut–kidney axis in hypertension and chronic kidney disease (2018) · cites this paper as [90]
Gut dysbiosis has been reported in animal models and in patients with hypertension.
“Gut dysbiosis has been reported in animal models87–89 and in patients with hypertension87,90 (Table 1).”
From The gut microbiota and the brain–gut–kidney axis in hypertension and chronic kidney disease (2018) · cites this paper as [90]
Transplantation of bone marrow, gut microbiota or kidney has been demonstrated to induce disorders not only in the organs of the proposed brain-gut-kidney axis but also in the interconnected pathways of this axis.
“Consistent with our hypothesis, transplantation of bone marrow15,122, gut microbiota90 or kidney204 has been demonstrated to induce disorders not only in the organs of the proposed brain-gut-kidney axis but also in the interconnected pathways of this axis.”
From The gut microbiota and the brain–gut–kidney axis in hypertension and chronic kidney disease (2018) · cites this paper as [90]
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Breast cancer in postmenopausal women is associated with an altered gut metagenome
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A core microbiome signature as an indicator of health
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Effects of Diet-Modulated Autologous Fecal Microbiota Transplantation on Weight Regain
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- Authors
- Li, J., Zhao, F., Wang, Y., Chen, J., Tao, J., Tian, G., Wu, S., Liu, W., Cui, Q., Geng, B., Zhang, W., Weldon, R., Auguste, K., Yang, L., Liu, X., Chen, L., Yang, X., Zhu, B., & Cai, J.
- Affiliations
- Capital Medical University (CN)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CN)
- Novogene Bioinformatics Institute (CN)
- Baoding No.1 Central Hospital (CN)
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University (CN)
- North China University of Science and Technology (CN)
- Peking University (CN)
- University of Houston (US)
- Tongji Hospital (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Yang, Xinchun
- Zhu, Baoli
- Cai, Jun
- ORCID
- Venue
- Microbiome
- Published
- 2017-02-01
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 14-14
- ISSN
- 2049-2618 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5286796
- OpenAlex
- W2585920057
- Cited by
- 1,685
- References
- 67
- Citations by year
- 2026: 127 · 2025: 206 · 2024: 235 · 2023: 218 · 2022: 236 · 2021: 251 · 2020: 204 · 2019: 123 · 2018: 59 · 2017: 26
- FWCI
- 46.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Microbiome (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Basic Research Program of China (2014CB542302, 2015CB554200)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (81500383, 81630014)
- AHA Scientist Development Grant (12SDG11680011)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Keywords
- gut dysbiosis, hypertension, prehypertension, fecal microbiota transplantation, germ-free mice, Prevotella, Klebsiella, microbial diversity, host metabolism, blood pressure
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Fecal Microbiota Transplantation, Essential Hypertension, Animals, Blood Pressure, Germ-Free Life, Humans, Hypertension, Klebsiella, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Prospective Studies, Cohort Studies, Prevotella, Gastrointestinal Tract, Mice, Prehypertension, Dysbiosis
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