Cited by 138Memory and Neural MechanismsNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 75 of the 75 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Fear Conditioning and Long‐term Potentiation in the Amygdala: What Really Is the Connection?

Sah, P., Westbrook, R. F., Lüthi, A.·2008·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

DOI 10.1196/annals.1417.020

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The cellular mechanisms that underlie learning and memory formation remain one of the most intriguing unknowns about the mammalian brain. A plethora of experimental evidence over the last 30 years has established that long‐term synaptic plasticity at excitatory synapses is the most likely mechanism that underlies learning and memory formation. Experiments done largely in acute brain slices maintained in vitro have revealed many of the molecular mechanisms in the induction and maintenance of long‐term potentiation (LTP). However, evidence directly liking LTP with learning and memory formation has not been established. Pavlovian fear conditioning is a good candidate to provide such evidence. The relations between events that produce fear conditioning are simple; these relations and their fear products involve circuits in the amygdala that are well understood, as are those circuits in the amygdala that underlie LTP. The evidence that links LTP in the amygdala with fear conditioning is reviewed.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1196/annals.1417.020

Cites

75 of 75 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Emotion circuits in the brain
LeDoux, J. E. (2000) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.23.1.155 · Cited by 8,444
Long‐lasting potentiation of synaptic transmission in the dentate area of the unanaesthetized rabbit following stimulation of the perforant path
Bliss, T. V. P., & Gardner-Medwin, A. R. (1973) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1973.sp010274 · Cited by 7,424
Magnesium gates glutamate-activated channels in mouse central neurones
Nowak, L. M., Bregestovski, P. D., Ascher, P., Herbet, A., & Prochiantz, A. (1984) · Nature · doi:10.1038/307462a0 · Cited by 4,116
LTP and LTD
Malenka, R. C., & Bear, M. F. (2004) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2004.09.012 · Cited by 3,968
A model for Pavlovian learning: Variations in the effectiveness of conditioned but not of unconditioned stimuli.
Pearce, J. M., & Hall, G. (1980) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.87.6.532 · Cited by 3,023
The amygdala: vigilance and emotion
Davis, M., & Whalen, P. J. (2001) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4000812 · Cited by 2,882
Synaptic Plasticity and Memory: An Evaluation of the Hypothesis
Martin, S. J., Grimwood, P. D., & Morris, R. G. M. (2000) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.23.1.649 · Cited by 2,794
AMPA Receptor Trafficking and Synaptic Plasticity
Malinow, R., & Malenka, R. C. (2002) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.25.112701.142758 · Cited by 2,588
The role of the amygdala in fear and anxiety
Davis, M. (1992) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.ne.15.030192.002033 · Cited by 2,357
The Emotional Brain, Fear, and the Amygdala
LeDoux, J. (2003) · Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1023/a:1025048802629 · Cited by 1,818
The Amygdaloid Complex: Anatomy and Physiology
SAH, P., FABER, E. S. L., LOPEZ DE ARMENTIA, M., & POWER, J. (2003) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00002.2003 · Cited by 1,745
Self-citation
Predictability, surprise, attention, and conditioning
Kamin, L. J. (1967) · NASA Technical Reports Server (NASA) · Cited by 1,483
Fear conditioning induces associative long-term potentiation in the amygdala
Rogan, M. T., Stäubli, U. V., & LeDoux, J. E. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/37601 · Cited by 1,310
Active propagation of somatic action potentials into neocortical pyramidal cell dendrites
Stuart, G. J., & Sakmann, B. (1994) · Nature · doi:10.1038/367069a0 · Cited by 1,289
NMDA receptors - their role in long-term potentiation
Collingridge, G. L., & Bliss, T. (1987) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/0166-2236(87)90175-5 · Cited by 1,178
Time, rate, and conditioning.
Gallistel, C. R., & Gibbon, J. (2000) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.107.2.289 · Cited by 1,134
Probability of shock in the presence and absence of cs in fear conditioning.
Rescorla, R. A. (1968) · Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0025984 · Cited by 1,067
Information Processing in Animals: Memory Mechanisms.
indicated, N. A. (1986) · Contemporary Psychology · doi:10.1037/024459 · Cited by 1,021
Reciprocal Connections between the Amygdala and the Hippocampal Formation, Perirhinal Cortex, and Postrhinal Cortex in Rat: A Review
Pitkänen, A., Pikkarainen, M., Nurminen, N., & Ylinen, A. (2000) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06738.x · Cited by 1,001
Contrasting properties of two forms of long-term potentiation in the hippocampus
Nicoll, R. A., & Malenka, R. C. (1995) · Nature · doi:10.1038/377115a0 · Cited by 861
Blocking of acquisition but not expression of conditioned fear-potentiated startle by NMDA antagonists in the amygdala
Miserendino, M. J. D., Sananes, C. B., Melia, K. R., & Davis, M. (1990) · Nature · doi:10.1038/345716a0 · Cited by 824
Fear conditioning enhances short-latency auditory responses of lateral amygdala neurons: Parallel recordings in the freely behaving rat
Quirk, G. J., Repa, J. C., & LeDoux, J. E. (1995) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/0896-6273(95)90092-6 · Cited by 808
Postsynaptic receptor trafficking underlying a form of associative learning
Rumpel, S., LeDoux, J., Zador, A., & Malinow, R. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1103944 · Cited by 775
Fear conditioning induces a lasting potentiation of synaptic currents in vitro
McKernan, M. G., & Shinnick-Gallagher, P. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/37605 · Cited by 771
Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity: From Synapse to Perception
Dan, Y., & Poo, M.-M. (2006) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00030.2005 · Cited by 675
NMDA and non-NMDA receptors are co-localized at individual excitatory synapses in cultured rat hippocampus
Bekkers, J. M., & Stevens, C. F. (1989) · Nature · doi:10.1038/341230a0 · Cited by 660
Synaptic plasticity at hippocampal mossy fibre synapses
Nicoll, R. A., & Schmitz, D. (2005) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1786 · Cited by 653
Dendritic spikes as a mechanism for cooperative long-term potentiation
Golding, N. L., Staff, N. P., & Spruston, N. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature00854 · Cited by 623
Fear Conditioning Enhances Different Temporal Components of Tone-Evoked Spike Trains in Auditory Cortex and Lateral Amygdala
Quirk, G. J., Armony, J. L., & LeDoux, J. E. (1997) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80375-x · Cited by 563
Rethinking the Fear Circuit: The Central Nucleus of the Amygdala Is Required for the Acquisition, Consolidation, and Expression of Pavlovian Fear Conditioning
Wilensky, A. E., Schafe, G. E., Kristensen, M. P., & LeDoux, J. E. (2006) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4316-06.2006 · Cited by 533
Analysis of excitatory synaptic action in pyramidal cells using whole‐cell recording from rat hippocampal slices.
Hestrin, S., Nicoll, R. A., Perkel, D. J., & Sah, P. (1990) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1990.sp017980 · Cited by 491
Self-citation
Long-term potentiation in the amygdala: a mechanism for emotional learning and memory
Maren, S. (1999) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(99)01465-4 · Cited by 462
Somatosensory and auditory convergence in the lateral nucleus of the amygdala.
Romanski, L. M., Clugnet, M.-C., Bordi, F., & LeDoux, J. E. (1993) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037/0735-7044.107.3.444 · Cited by 446
Two different lateral amygdala cell populations contribute to the initiation and storage of memory
Repa, J. C., Muller, J., Apergis, J., Desrochers, T. M., Zhou, Y., & LeDoux, J. E. (2001) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/89512 · Cited by 440
NMDA Receptors and L-Type Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels Contribute to Long-Term Potentiation and Different Components of Fear Memory Formation in the Lateral Amygdala
Bauer, E. P., Schafe, G. E., & LeDoux, J. E. (2002) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.22-12-05239.2002 · Cited by 438
Dopamine gates LTP induction in lateral amygdala by suppressing feedforward inhibition
Bissière, S., Humeau, Y., & Lüthi, A. (2003) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1058 · Cited by 427
Self-citation
Cellular neurophysiological approaches in the study of learning.
Kandel, E., & Spencer, W. A. (1968) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.1968.48.1.65 · Cited by 412
Intra-Amygdala Blockade of the NR2B Subunit of the NMDA Receptor Disrupts the Acquisition But Not the Expression of Fear Conditioning
Rodrigues, S. M., Schafe, G. E., & LeDoux, J. E. (2001) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.21-17-06889.2001 · Cited by 350
Dopamine-mediated modulation of odour-evoked amygdala potentials during pavlovian conditioning
Rosenkranz, J. A., & Grace, A. A. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/417282a · Cited by 348
Postsynaptic Induction and PKA-Dependent Expression of LTP in the Lateral Amygdala
Huang, Y.-Y., & Kandel, E. R. (1998) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80524-3 · Cited by 333
Fear Conditioning Occludes LTP-Induced Presynaptic Enhancement of Synaptic Transmission in the Cortical Pathway to the Lateral Amygdala
Tsvetkov, E., Carlezon, W. A., Benes, F. M., Kandel, E. R., & Bolshakov, V. Y. (2002) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(02)00645-1 · Cited by 321
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist APV blocks acquisition but not expression of fear conditioning.
Kim, J. J., DeCola, J. P., Landeira-Fernández, J., & Fanselow, M. S. (1991) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037/0735-7044.105.1.126 · Cited by 301
LTP is accompanied by commensurate enhancement of auditory-evoked responses in a fear conditioning circuit
Rogan, M. T., & LeDoux, J. E. (1995) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/0896-6273(95)90070-5 · Cited by 300
Response properties of single units in areas of rat auditory thalamus that project to the amygdala
Bordi, F., & LeDoux, J. E. (1994) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/bf00228415 · Cited by 300
Pain Pathways Involved in Fear Conditioning Measured with Fear-Potentiated Startle: Lesion Studies
Shi, C., & Davis, M. E. (1999) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.19-01-00420.1999 · Cited by 281
Presynaptic induction of heterosynaptic associative plasticity in the mammalian brain
Humeau, Y., Shaban, H., Bissière, S., & Lüthi, A. (2003) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02194 · Cited by 258
Self-citation
Lesions of the Basal Amygdala Block Expression of Conditioned Fear But Not Extinction
Anglada-Figueroa, D., & Quirk, G. J. (2005) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2600-05.2005 · Cited by 238
Long‐Term synaptic potentiation in the amygdala
Chapman, P. F., Kairiss, E. W., Keenan, C. L., & Brown, T. H. (1990) · Synapse · doi:10.1002/syn.890060306 · Cited by 234
Cocaine and amphetamine preferentially stimulate glutamate release in the limbic system: Studies on the involvement of dopamine
Reid, M. S., Hsu, K., & Berger, S. P. (1997) · Synapse · doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2396(199710)27:2 · Cited by 212
Generalization of amygdala LTP and conditioned fear in the absence of presynaptic inhibition
Shaban, H., Humeau, Y., Herry, C., Casassus, G., Shigemoto, R., Ciocchi, S., Barbieri, S., van der Putten, H., Kaupmann, K., Bettler, B., et al. (2006) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1732 · Cited by 211
Self-citation
Differential expression of ?-aminobutyric acid type B receptor-1a and -1b mRNA variants in GABA and non-GABAergic neurons of the rat brain
Liang, F., Hatanaka, Y., Saito, H., Yamamori, T., & Hashikawa, T. (2000) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(20000124)416:4 · Cited by 202
Synapse-specific reconsolidation of distinct fear memories in the lateral amygdala
Doyère, V., Dębiec, J., Monfils, M.-H., Schafe, G. E., & LeDoux, J. E. (2007) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1871 · Cited by 200
Amygdalar NMDA Receptors Are Critical for the Expression of Multiple Conditioned Fear Responses
Lee, H. J., Choi, J.-S., Brown, T. H., & Kim, J. J. (2001) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.21-11-04116.2001 · Cited by 197
Kinetics of Mg 2+ unblock of NMDA receptors: implications for spike‐timing dependent synaptic plasticity
Kampa, B. M., Clements, J., Jónás, P., & Stuart, G. J. (2004) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2003.058842 · Cited by 191
Differential Fear Conditioning Induces Reciprocal Changes in the Sensory Responses of Lateral Amygdala Neurons to the CS+ and CS−
Collins, D. R., & Paré, D. (2000) · Learning & Memory · doi:10.1101/lm.7.2.97 · Cited by 171
Morphological and Electrophysiological Properties of Principal Neurons in the Rat Lateral Amygdala In Vitro
Faber, E. S. L., Callister, R., & Sah, P. (2001) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.2001.85.2.714 · Cited by 165
Self-citation
Dorsal hippocampus involvement in trace fear conditioning with long, but not short, trace intervals in mice.
Chowdhury, N., Quinn, J. J., & Fanselow, M. S. (2005) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037/0735-7044.119.5.1396 · Cited by 160
The basolateral amygdaloid complex as a cortical-like structure
Carlsen, J., & Heimer, L. (1988) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(88)91418-7 · Cited by 149
Dendritic Spine Heterogeneity Determines Afferent-Specific Hebbian Plasticity in the Amygdala
Humeau, Y., Herry, C., Kemp, N., Shaban, H., Fourcaudot, E., Bissière, S., & Lüthi, A. (2005) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2004.12.019 · Cited by 148
Self-citation
A Pathway-Specific Function for Different AMPA Receptor Subunits in Amygdala Long-Term Potentiation and Fear Conditioning
Humeau, Y., Reisel, D., Johnson, A. W., Borchardt, T., Jensen, V., Gebhardt, C., Bosch, V., Gass, P., Bannerman, D. M., Good, M. A., et al. (2007) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2603-07.2007 · Cited by 147
Self-citation
The Role of Background Stimuli during Pavlovian Conditioning
Odling-Smee, F. J. (1975) · Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1080/14640747508400480 · Cited by 141
Auditory-Evoked Spike Firing in the Lateral Amygdala and Pavlovian Fear Conditioning
Goosens, K. A., Hobin, J. A., & Maren, S. (2003) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(03)00728-1 · Cited by 135
Development and Subunit Composition of Synaptic NMDA Receptors in the Amygdala: NR2B Synapses in the Adult Central Amygdala
de Armentia, M. L., & Sah, P. (2003) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.23-17-06876.2003 · Cited by 134
Self-citation
Involvement of cortical and thalamic auditory regions in retention of differential bradycardiac conditioning to acoustic conditioned stimuli in rabbits
Jarrell, T. W., Gentile, C. G., Romanski, L. M., McCabe, P. M., & Schneiderman, N. (1987) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(87)91135-8 · Cited by 129
Distinct Populations of NMDA Receptors at Subcortical and Cortical Inputs to Principal Cells of the Lateral Amygdala
Weisskopf, M. G., & LeDoux, J. E. (1999) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.1999.81.2.930 · Cited by 127
Injections of the NMDA Receptor Antagonist Aminophosphonopentanoic Acid into the Lateral Nucleus of the Amygdala Block the Expression of Fear-Potentiated Startle and Freezing
Fendt, M. (2001) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.21-11-04111.2001 · Cited by 117
Associations to contextual stimuli as a determinant of long-term habituation.
Marlin, N. A., & Miller, R. R. (1981) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Animal Behavior Processes · doi:10.1037/0097-7403.7.4.313 · Cited by 113
NMDA receptors are essential for the acquisition, but not expression, of conditional fear and associative spike firing in the lateral amygdala
Goosens, K. A., & Maren, S. (2004) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2004.03513.x · Cited by 108
Long‐term potentiation in freely moving rats reveals asymmetries in thalamic and cortical inputs to the lateral amygdala
Doyère, V., Schafe, G. E., Sigurdsson, T., & LeDoux, J. E. (2003) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1046/j.1460-9568.2003.02707.x · Cited by 104
Auditory Fear Conditioning and Long-Term Potentiation in the Lateral Amygdala Require ERK/MAP Kinase Signaling in the Auditory Thalamus: A Role for Presynaptic Plasticity in the Fear System
Apergis-Schoute, A. M. (2005) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0096-05.2005 · Cited by 101
A different recruitment of the lateral and basolateral amygdala promotes contextual or elemental conditioned association in Pavlovian fear conditioning
Calandreau, L., Desmedt, A., Decorte, L., & Jaffard, R. (2005) · Learning & Memory · doi:10.1101/lm.92305 · Cited by 99
Afferents from rat temporal cortex synapse on lateral amygdala neurons that express NMDA and AMPA receptors
Farb, C. R., & LeDoux, J. E. (1999) · Synapse · doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2396(19990901)33:3 · Cited by 73
Excitatory synaptic inputs to pyramidal neurons of the lateral amygdala
Mahanty, N. K., & Sah, P. (1999) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1046/j.1460-9568.1999.00528.x · Cited by 69
Self-citation
Contribution of NR2B Subunits to Synaptic Transmission in Amygdaloid Interneurons
Szinyei, C., Stork, O., & Pape, H. (2003) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.23-07-02549.2003 · Cited by 49
The Overshadowing of Background Stimuli: Some Effects of Varying Amounts of Training and UCS Intensity
Odling-Smee, F. J. (1978) · Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1080/14640747808400698 · Cited by 35

Research works printed but not linked: 2

10.1113/jphysiol.1973.sp010273 · DOI · Paper page
Rescorla R.A., 1972, Classical Conditioning II, 64

Sorted by citations

Molecular mechanisms of fear learning and memory
Johansen, J. P., Cain, C. K., Ostroff, L. E., & LeDoux, J. E. (2011) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2011.10.009 · Cited by 1,012
Engineering a memory with LTD and LTP
Nabavi, S., Fox, R., Proulx, C. D., Lin, J. Y., Tsien, R. Y., & Malinow, R. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature13294 · Cited by 980
Encoding of conditioned fear in central amygdala inhibitory circuits
Ciocchi, S., Herry, C., Grenier, F., Wolff, S. B. E., Letzkus, J. J., Vlachos, I., Ehrlich, I., Sprengel, R., Deisseroth, K., Stadler, M. B., et al. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09559 · Cited by 924
Self-citation
Fear conditioning, synaptic plasticity and the amygdala: implications for posttraumatic stress disorder
Mahan, A. L., & Ressler, K. J. (2011) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2011.06.007 · Cited by 643
Neuronal circuits of fear extinction
Herry, C., Ferraguti, F., Singewald, N., Letzkus, J. J., Ehrlich, I., & Lüthi, A. (2010) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2010.07101.x · Cited by 484
Self-citation

See all 138

Authors: Sah, P., Westbrook, R. F., & Lüthi, A.
Affiliations: The University of Queensland (AU)
UNSW Sydney (AU)
Friedrich Miescher Institute (CH)
Corresponding author: Sah, P.
ORCID: Sah, P.
Westbrook, R. F.
Lüthi, A.
Venue: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2008-05
Volume: 1129
Issue: 1
Pages: 88-95
ISSN: 0077-8923 (ISSN-L)
1749-6632
DOI: 10.1196/annals.1417.020
OpenAlex: W2041442771
Cited by: 138
References: 75
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 10
FWCI: 0.89
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 58 d)
Locations: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Keywords: fear conditioning, long-term potentiation, amygdala, synaptic plasticity, learning and memory, excitatory synapses
MeSH terms: Amygdala, Animals, Conditioning, Psychological, Fear, Humans, Models, Biological, Long-Term Potentiation

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Fear Conditioning and Long‐term Potentiation in the Amygdala: What Really Is the Connection?

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks