The DOI matches its Crossref record; 26 of the 26 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Breakfast Frequency and Quality in the Etiology of Adult Obesity and Chronic Diseases
Abstract
The frequency of eating breakfast has declined over the past several decades, during which time the obesity epidemic has also unfolded. Therefore, there is growing scientific interest in the possible causal role of breakfast in weight control and related disease risks. We conducted a MedLine search for studies that addressed meal frequency, breakfast consumption, and chronic disease risk. Clinical studies document that regular meal consumption can potentially reduce the risk of obesity and chronic disease through mechanisms involved in energy balance and metabolism. Many observational studies have found that breakfast frequency is inversely associated with obesity and chronic disease, but this literature does have some important limitations. Only four relatively small and short-term randomized trials have examined breakfast consumption and body weight or chronic disease risk, with mixed results. Large, long-term, randomized trials are needed.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Prevalence and Trends in Overweight Among US Children and Adolescents, 1999-2000
Ogden, C. L. (2002) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.288.14.1728 · Cited by 4,060
Glucagon-like peptide 1 promotes satiety and suppresses energy intake in humans.
Flint, A., Raben, A., Astrup, A., & Holst, J. J. (1998) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci990 · Cited by 1,402
Gutniak, M., Ørkov, C., Holst, J. J., Ahrén, B., & Efendić, S. (1992) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199205143262003 · Cited by 868
Association between Eating Patterns and Obesity in a Free-living US Adult Population
Ma, Y. (2003) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwg117 · Cited by 725
McKeown, N. M., Meigs, J. B., Liu, S., Wilson, P. W., & Jacques, P. F. (2002) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/76.2.390 · Cited by 574
Nibbling versus gorging: metabolic advantages of increased meal frequency
Jenkins, D. J. A., Wolever, T. M. S., Vuksan, V., Brighenti, F., Cunnane, S. C., Rao, A. V., Jenkins, A. L., Buckley, G., Patten, R., Singer, W., et al. (1989) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198910053211403 · Cited by 467
Fábry, P., Hejl, Z., Fodor, J., Braun, T., & Zvolánková, K. (1964) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(64)90510-0 · Cited by 389
Flint, A., Raben, A., Ersbøll, A., Holst, J., & Astrup, A. (2001) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0801627 · Cited by 384
DIETARY FIBER AND BODY-WEIGHT REGULATION
Pereira, M. A., & Ludwig, D. S. (2001) · Pediatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0031-3955(05)70351-5 · Cited by 372
Self-citationWesterterp-Plantenga, M., Rolland, V, Wilson, S., & Westerterp, K. (1999) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600782 · Cited by 361
High-glycemic Index Foods, Hunger, and Obesity: Is There a Connection?
Roberts, S. B. (2009) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2000.tb01855.x · Cited by 356
The Time of Day of Food Intake Influences Overall Intake in Humans
de Castro, J. M. (2004) · The Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/134.1.104 · Cited by 329
Farshchi, H. R., Taylor, M. A., & Macdonald, I. A. (2005) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/81.1.16 · Cited by 286
Meal frequency and energy balance
Bellisle, F., McDevitt, R., & Prentice, A. M. (1997) · British Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1079/bjn19970104 · Cited by 279
Johnston, C. S., Day, C. S., & Swan, P. D. (2002) · Journal of the American College of Nutrition · doi:10.1080/07315724.2002.10719194 · Cited by 181
Carbohydrate fermentation decreases hepatic glucose output in healthy subjects
Thorburn, A., Muir, J., & Proietto, J. (1993) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/0026-0495(93)90249-n · Cited by 178
Farshchi, H. R., Taylor, M. A., & Macdonald, I. A. (2004) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601935 · Cited by 169
Metabolic Effects of Reducing Rate of Glucose Ingestion by Single Bolus Versus Continuous Sipping
Jenkins, D. J. A., Wolever, T. M. S., Ocana, A. M., Vuksan, V., Cunnane, S. C., Jenkins, M., Wong, G. S., Singer, W., Bloom, S. R., Blendis, L. M., et al. (1990) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.39.7.775 · Cited by 154
NICKLAS, T. A., MYERS, L., REGER, C., BEECH, B., & BERENSON, G. S. (1998) · Journal of the American Dietetic Association · doi:10.1016/s0002-8223(98)00325-3 · Cited by 150
Jenkins, D., Ocana, A., Jenkins, A., Wolever, T., Vuksan, V, Katzman, L., Hollands, M., Greenberg, G., Corey, P., & Patten, R. (1992) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/55.2.461 · Cited by 123
Farshchi, H. R., Taylor, M. A., & Macdonald, I. A. (2004) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802616 · Cited by 110
Keim, N. L., Van Loan, M. D., Horn, W. F., Barbieri, T. F., & Mayclin, P. L. (1997) · The Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/127.1.75 · Cited by 108
Effect of isoenergetic intake of three or nine meals on plasma lipoproteins and glucose metabolism
Arnold, L., Ball, M., Duncan, A., & Mann, J. (1993) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/57.3.446 · Cited by 102
Metabolic effects of alterations in meal frequency in type 2 diabetes
Arnold, L., Mann, J. I., & Ball, M. J. (1997) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.20.11.1651 · Cited by 58
Effect of nibbling versus gorging on cardiovascular risk factors: serum uric acid and blood lipids
Jenkins, D. J. A., Khan, A., Jenkins, A. L., Illingworth, R., Pappu, A. S., Wolever, T. M. S., Vuksan, V., Buckley, G., Rao, A. V., Cunnane, S. C., et al. (1995) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/0026-0495(95)90066-7 · Cited by 52
Effect of meal size and frequency on the thermic effect of food
Belko, A. Z., & Barbieri, T. F. (1987) · Nutrition Research · doi:10.1016/s0271-5317(87)80013-1 · Cited by 32
Research works printed but not linked: 83
- Ogden, 1997, Prevalence of overweight among preschool children in the United States, 1971 through 1994, Pediatrics, 99, E1, 10.1542/peds.99.4.e1 · DOI · Paper page
- Siega-Riz, 2000, Differences in food patterns at breakfast by sociodemographic characteristics among a nationally representative sample of adults in the United States, Prev Med, 30, 415, 10.1006/pmed.2000.0651 · DOI
- Gwinup, 1963, Effect of nibbling versus gorging on glucose tolerance, Lancet, 2, 165, 10.1016/S0140-6736(63)92801-0 · DOI
- Gwinup, 1963, Effect of nibbling versus gorging on serum lipids in man, Am J Clin Nutr, 13, 209, 10.1093/ajcn/13.4.209 · DOI · Paper page
- Gwinup, 1964, Metabolic effects of gorging versus nibbling, Ohio State Med J, 60, 663
- Bray, 1972, Lipogenesis in human adipose tissue: some effects of nibbling and gorging, J Clin Invest, 51, 537, 10.1172/JCI106842 · DOI
- Farshchi, 2005, Deleterious effects of omitting breakfast on insulin sensitivity and fasting lipid profiles in healthy lean women, Am J Clin Nutr, 81, 388, 10.1093/ajcn.81.2.388 · DOI · Paper page
- Jenkins, 1994, Low glycemic index: lente carbohydrates and physiological effects of altered food frequency, Am J Clin Nutr, 59, 706S, 10.1093/ajcn/59.3.706S · DOI
- Speechly, 1999, Greater appetite control associated with an increased frequency of eating in lean males, Appetite, 33, 285, 10.1006/appe.1999.0265 · DOI · Paper page
- Speechly, 1999, Acute appetite reduction associated with an increased frequency of eating in obese males, Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord, 23, 1151, 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801046 · DOI
- Maskarinec, 2000, Dietary patterns are associated with body mass index in multiethnic women, J Nutr, 130, 3068, 10.1093/jn/130.12.3068 · DOI
- Cho, 2003, The effect of breakfast type on total daily energy intake and body mass index: results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), J Am Coll Nutr, 22, 296, 10.1080/07315724.2003.10719307 · DOI · Paper page
- Barton, 2005, The relationship of breakfast and cereal consumption to nutrient intake and body mass index: the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study, J Am Diet Assoc, 105, 1383, 10.1016/j.jada.2005.06.003 · DOI · Paper page
- Affenito, 2005, Breakfast consumption by African-American and white adolescent girls correlates positively with calcium and fiber intake and negatively with body mass index, J Am Diet Assoc, 105, 938, 10.1016/j.jada.2005.03.003 · DOI
- Koh-Banerjee, 2004, Changes in body weight and body fat distribution as risk factors for clinical diabetes in US men, Am J Epidemiol, 159, 1150, 10.1093/aje/kwh167 · DOI · Paper page
- Pereira, 1998, The association between whole grain intake and fasting insulin in a bi-racial cohort of young adults: The Cardia Study, CVD Prevention, 1, 231
- Liljeberg, 1999, Effect of the glycemic index and content of indigestible carbohydrates of cereal-based breakfast meals on glucose tolerance at lunch in healthy subjects, Am J Clin Nutr, 69, 647, 10.1093/ajcn/69.4.647 · DOI · Paper page
- Pereira, 2001, CRC Handbook of Dietary Fiber in Human Disease, 481
- Nestler, 1988, Absorption characteristic of breakfast determines insulin sensitivity and carbohydrate tolerance for lunch, Diabetes Care, 11, 755, 10.2337/diacare.11.10.755 · DOI
- Clark, 2006, Effects of breakfast meal composition on second meal metabolic responses in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus, Eur J Clin Nutr, 60, 1122, 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602427 · DOI
- Burley, 1987, The effect of high and low-fibre breakfasts on hunger, satiety and food intake in a subsequent meal, Int J Obes, 11, 87
- Holt, 1999, The effects of high-carbohydrate vs high-fat breakfasts on feelings of fullness and alertness, and subsequent food intake, Int J Food Sci Nutr, 50, 13, 10.1080/096374899101382 · DOI
- Pasman, 2003, Effect of two breakfasts, different in carbohydrate composition, on hunger and satiety and mood in healthy men, Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord, 27, 663, 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802284 · DOI
- Pai, 2005, Satiety from rice-based, wheat-based and rice-pulse combination preparations, Appetite, 44, 263, 10.1016/j.appet.2005.01.004 · DOI
- Johnstone, 1998, Breakfasts high in monoglyceride or triglyceride: no differential effect on appetite or energy intake, Eur J Clin Nutr, 52, 603, 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600614 · DOI
- Holt, 1992, Relationship of satiety to postprandial glycaemic, insulin and cholecystokinin responses, Appetite, 18, 129, 10.1016/0195-6663(92)90190-H · DOI
- Bourdon, 1999, Postprandial lipid, glucose, insulin, and cholecystokinin responses in men fed barley pasta enriched with beta-glucan, Am J Clin Nutr, 69, 55, 10.1093/ajcn/69.1.55 · DOI · Paper page
- Tseng, 1996, Postprandial stimulation of insulin release by glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). Effect of a specific glucose-dependent insu-linotropic polypeptide receptor antagonist in the rat, J Clin Invest, 98, 2440, 10.1172/JCI119060 · DOI
- Dijk, 1999, Glucagon-like peptide-1 (7-36) amide: a central regulator of satiety and interoceptive stress, Neuropeptides, 33, 406, 10.1054/npep.1999.0053 · DOI
- D'Alessio, 1994, Glucagon-like peptide 1 enhances glucose tolerance both by stimulation of insulin release and by increasing insulin-independent glucose disposal, J Clin Invest, 93, 2263, 10.1172/JCI117225 · DOI · Paper page
- Venter, 1990, Effects of dietary propionate on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in healthy volunteers, Am J Gastroenterol, 85, 549
- Reimer, 1997, A physiological level of rhubarb fiber increases proglucagon gene expression and modulates intestinal glucose uptake in rats, J Nutr, 127, 1923, 10.1093/jn/127.10.1923 · DOI
- Reimer, 1996, Dietary fiber modulates intestinal proglucagon messenger ribonucleic acid and postprandial secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 and insulin in rats, Endocrinology, 137, 3948, 10.1210/endo.137.9.8756571 · DOI
- Ravussin, 1992, A brief overview of human energy metabolism and its relationship to essential obesity, Am J Clin Nutr, 55, 242S, 10.1093/ajcn/55.1.242s · DOI
- Jonge, 1997, The thermic effect of food and obesity: A critical review, Obes Res, 5, 622, 10.1002/j.1550-8528.1997.tb00584.x · DOI
- Tappy, 1996, Thermic effect of food and sympathetic nervous system activity in humans, Reprod Nutr Dev, 36, 391, 10.1051/rnd:19960405 · DOI · Paper page
- Swindells, 1968, The metabolic response of young women to changes in the frequency of meals, Br J Nutr, 22, 667, 10.1079/BJN19680078 · DOI
- Dallosso, 1982, Feeding frequency and energy balance in adult males, Hum Nutr Clin Nutr, 36C, 25
- Tai, 1991, Meal size and frequency: effect on the thermic effect of food, Am J Clin Nutr, 54, 783, 10.1093/ajcn/54.5.783 · DOI · Paper page
- LeBlanc, 1993, Components of postprandial thermogenesis in relation to meal frequency in humans, Can J Physiol Pharmacol, 71, 879, 10.1139/y93-133 · DOI · Paper page
- Venne, 1991, Influence of the feeding frequency on nutrient utilization in man: consequences for energy metabolism, Eur J Clin Nutr, 45, 161
- Hill, 1991, Nutrient balance in humans: effects of diet composition, Am J Clin Nutr, 54, 10, 10.1093/ajcn/54.1.10 · DOI · Paper page
- Raben, 2003, Meals with similar energy densities but rich in protein, fat, carbohydrate, or alcohol have different effects on energy expenditure and substrate metabolism but not on appetite and energy intake, Am J Clin Nutr, 77, 91, 10.1093/ajcn/77.1.91 · DOI · Paper page
- Stubbs, 1996, Breakfasts high in protein, fat or carbohydrate: effect on within-day appetite and energy balance, Eur J Clin Nutr, 50, 409
- Kinabo, 1990, Thermic effect of food in man: effect of meal composition, and energy content, Br J Nutr, 64, 37, 10.1079/BJN19900007 · DOI
- Silberbauer, 1998, Dietary fat level and short-term effects of a high-fat meal on food intake and metabolism, Ann Nutr Metab, 42, 75, 10.1159/000012721 · DOI
- Bennett, 1992, Short-term effects of dietary-fat ingestion on energy expenditure and nutrient balance, Am J Clin Nutr, 55, 1071, 10.1093/ajcn/55.6.1071 · DOI
- Granata, 2002, The thermic effect of food and obesity: discrepant results and methodological variations, Nutr Rev, 60, 223, 10.1301/002966402320289359 · DOI
- Hollifield, 1962, Metabolic adaptations to a “stuff and starve” feeding program. I. Studies of adipose tissue and liver glycogen in rats limited to a short daily feeding period, J Clin Invest, 41, 245, 10.1172/JCI104476 · DOI
- Jenkins, 1995, Effect of reduced rate of carbohydrate absorption on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, Eur J Clin Nutr, 49, S68
- Jenkins, 1990, Fiber and physiological and potentially therapeutic effects of slowing carbohydrate absorption, Adv Exp Med Biol, 270, 129, 10.1007/978-1-4684-5784-1_12 · DOI
- Edelstein, 1992, Increased meal frequency associated with decreased cholesterol concentrations; Ran-cho Bernardo, CA, 1984-1987, Am J Clin Nutr, 55, 664, 10.1093/ajcn/55.3.664 · DOI · Paper page
- Yamamoto, 1999, Favorable life-style modification and attenuation of cardiovascular risk factors, Jpn Circ J, 63, 184, 10.1253/jcj.63.184 · DOI
- Jenkins, 2000, Effect of soy-based breakfast cereal on blood lipids and oxidized low-density lipoprotein, Metabolism, 49, 1496, 10.1053/meta.2000.17703 · DOI
- Wolever, 1988, Second-meal effect: low-glycemic-in-dex foods eaten at dinner improve subsequent breakfast glycemic response, Am J Clin Nutr, 48, 1041, 10.1093/ajcn/48.4.1041 · DOI · Paper page
- Pereira, 2002, Effect of whole grains on insulin sensitivity in overweight hyperinsulinemic adults, Am J Clin Nutr, 75, 848, 10.1093/ajcn/75.5.848 · DOI · Paper page
- Frape, 2000, Insulin response and changes in composition of non-esterified fatty acids in blood plasma of middle-aged men following isoenergetic fatty and carbohydrate breakfasts, Br J Nutr, 84, 737, 10.1017/S0007114500002105 · DOI
- Frape, 1998, Effect of breakfast fat content on glucose tolerance and risk factors of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, Br J Nutr, 80, 323, 10.1079/096582198388274 · DOI
- Liese, 2003, Whole-grain intake and insulin sensitivity: the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study, Am J Clin Nutr, 78, 965, 10.1093/ajcn/78.5.965 · DOI · Paper page
- Haines, 1996, Trends in breakfast consumption of U.S. adults between 1965 and 1991, J Am Diet Assoc, 96, 464, 10.1016/S0002-8223(96)00130-7 · DOI
- Kleemola, 1999, The effect of breakfast cereal on diet and serum cholesterol: a randomized trial in North Karelia, Finland, Eur J Clin Nutr, 53, 716, 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600849 · DOI
- Morgan, 1986, The role of breakfast in diet adequacy of the U.S. adult population, J Am Coll Nutr, 5, 551, 10.1080/07315724.1986.10720156 · DOI
- Boom, 2006, The contribution of ready-to-eat cereals to daily nutrient intake and breakfast quality in a Mediterranean setting, J Am Coll Nutr, 25, 135, 10.1080/07315724.2006.10719524 · DOI
- Carson, 1999, The importance of breakfast meal type to daily nutrient intake: Differences by age and ethnicity, Cereal Foods World, 44, 414
- Nicklas, 1998, Nutrient contribution of breakfast, secular trends, and the role of ready-to-eat cereals: a review of data from the Bogalusa Heart Study, Am J Clin Nutr, 67, 757S, 10.1093/ajcn/67.4.757S · DOI
- Siega-Riz, 1998, Trends in breakfast consumption for children in the United States from 1965-1991, Am J Clin Nutr, 67, 748S, 10.1093/ajcn/67.4.748S · DOI · Paper page
- Stanton, 1989, Serum cholesterol, fat intake, and breakfast consumption in the United States adult population, J Am Coll Nutr, 8, 567, 10.1080/07315724.1989.10720328 · DOI
- Schlundt, 1992, The role of breakfast in the treatment of obesity: a randomized clinical trial, Am J Clin Nutr, 55, 645, 10.1093/ajcn/55.3.645 · DOI · Paper page
- Song, 2005, Is consumption of breakfast associated with body mass index in US adults, J Am Diet Assoc, 105, 1373, 10.1016/j.jada.2005.06.002 · DOI · Paper page
- Summerbell, 1996, Relationship between feeding pattern and body mass index in 220 free-living people in four age groups, Eur J Clin Nutr, 50, 513
- Wyatt, 2002, Long-term weight loss and breakfast in subjects in the National Weight Control Registry, Obes Res, 10, 78, 10.1038/oby.2002.13 · DOI · Paper page
- Bazzano, 2005, Dietary intake of whole and refined grain breakfast cereals and weight gain in men, Obes Res, 13, 1952, 10.1038/oby.2005.240 · DOI
- Schulz, 2005, Identification of a food pattern characterized by high-fiber and low-fat food choices associated with low prospective weight change in the EPIC-Potsdam cohort, J Nutr, 135, 1183, 10.1093/jn/135.5.1183 · DOI
- Newby, 2004, Food patterns measured by factor analysis and anthropometric changes in adults, Am J Clin Nutr, 80, 504, 10.1093/ajcn/80.2.504 · DOI · Paper page
- Koh-Banerjee, 2004, Changes in whole-grain, bran, and cereal fiber consumption in relation to 8-y weight gain among men, Am J Clin Nutr, 80, 1237, 10.1093/ajcn/80.5.1237 · DOI · Paper page
- Hu, 2000, Prospective study of major dietary patterns and risk of coronary heart disease in men, Am J Clin Nutr, 72, 912, 10.1093/ajcn/72.4.912 · DOI · Paper page
- Fung, 2001, Association between dietary patterns and plasma biomarkers of obesity and cardiovascular disease risk, Am J Clin Nutr, 73, 61, 10.1093/ajcn/73.1.61 · DOI · Paper page
- Fung, 2001, Dietary patterns and the risk of coronary heart disease in women, Arch Intern Med, 161, 1857, 10.1001/archinte.161.15.1857 · DOI · Paper page
- Osler, 2002, Food intake patterns and risk of coronary heart disease: a prospective cohort study examining the use of traditional scoring techniques, Eur J Clin Nutr, 56, 568, 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601360 · DOI
- Jacobs, 1998, Whole-grain intake may reduce the risk of isch-emic heart disease death in postmenopausal women: the Iowa Women's Health Study, Am J Clin Nutr, 68, 248, 10.1093/ajcn/68.2.248 · DOI · Paper page
- Jacobs, 2000, Fiber from whole grains, but not refined grains, is inversely associated with all-cause mortality in older women: the Iowa women's health study, J Am Coll Nutr, 19, 326S, 10.1080/07315724.2000.10718968 · DOI
- Kaplan, 1987, Mortality among the elderly in the Al-ameda County Study: behavioral and demographic risk factors, Am J Public Health, 77, 307, 10.2105/AJPH.77.3.307 · DOI · Paper page
- Liu, 2003, Is intake of breakfast cereals related to total and cause-specific mortality in men, Am J Clin Nutr, 77, 594, 10.1093/ajcn/77.3.594 · DOI
Cited by
St-Onge, M.-P., Ard, J., Baskin, M. L., Chiuve, S. E., Johnson, H. M., Kris-Etherton, P., & Varady, K. (2017) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000476 · Cited by 728
Smith, K. J., Gall, S. L., McNaughton, S. A., Blizzard, L., Dwyer, T., & Venn, A. J. (2010) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.2010.30101 · Cited by 387
Eating patterns and type 2 diabetes risk in men: Breakfast omission, eating frequency, and snacking
Mekary, R. A., Giovannucci, E., Willett, W. C., van Dam, R. M., & Hu, F. B. (2012) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.111.028209 · Cited by 325
Skipping breakfast is associated with overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Ma, X., Chen, Q., Pu, Y., Guo, M., Jiang, Z., Huang, W., Long, Y., & Xu, Y. (2020) · Obesity Research & Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.orcp.2019.12.002 · Cited by 293
Timing of energy intake during the day is associated with the risk of obesity in adults
Wang, J. B., Patterson, R. E., Ang, A., Emond, J. A., Shetty, N., & Arab, L. (2014) · Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics · doi:10.1111/jhn.12141 · Cited by 270
Metadata
- Authors
- Timlin, M. T., & Pereira, M. A.
- Venue
- Nutrition Reviews
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2007-06-01
- Volume
- 65
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 268-281
- ISSN
- 0029-6643 (ISSN-L)
- 0000-0000
- OpenAlex
- W2025340733
- Cited by
- 279
- References
- 26
- FWCI
- 6.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.