Temporal and spatial dynamics of brain structure changes during extensive learning
Open accessAbstract
The current view regarding human long-term memory as an active process of encoding and retrieval includes a highly specific learning-induced functional plasticity in a network of multiple memory systems. Voxel-based morphometry was used to detect possible structural brain changes associated with learning. Magnetic resonance images were obtained at three different time points while medical students learned for their medical examination. During the learning period, the gray matter increased significantly in the posterior and lateral parietal cortex bilaterally. These structural changes did not change significantly toward the third scan during the semester break 3 months after the exam. The posterior hippocampus showed a different pattern over time: the initial increase in gray matter during the learning period was even more pronounced toward the third time point. These results indicate that the acquisition of a great amount of highly abstract information may be related to a particular pattern of structural gray matter changes in particular brain areas.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Structural changes were demonstrated in healthy subjects with longitudinal designs in learning paradigms, associated with navigation or musical training.
“Moreover, structural changes were demonstrated in healthy subjects with longitudinal designs in learning paradigms, associated with experience of navigation or musical training to name only a few (Draganski et al., 2006;Hyde et al., 2009;Maguire et al., 2000).”
From Serotonin and neuroplasticity – Links between molecular, functional and structural pathophysiology in depression (2017) · cites this paper as Draganski et al., 2006
The Volunteers and Longitudinal analysis sections describe repeated scans of medical students and learning-associated structural changes, supporting the longitudinal-learning part of the claim. This study examined preparation for a medical exam, not navigation or musical training; the Introduction discusses those abilities in connection with other, cross-sectional studies. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredLearning in humans during exam study or juggling practice alters cortical structure, consistent with use contributing to structural brain changes.
“Learning in humans during studying for exams (Draganski et al., 2006) or practicing juggling (Draganski et al., 2004) alters cortical structure consistent with use contributing to structural changes in brain.”
From Impulsivity, frontal lobes and risk for addiction (2009) · cites this paper as Draganski et al., 2006
Brain structure changes with environmental demands of learning to juggle or studying over a few months.
“This is perhaps not surprising, given that brain structure changes with the environmental demands of learning to juggle (Draganski et al., 2004) or studying (Draganski et al., 2006) over a few months.”
From The human parental brain: In vivo neuroimaging (2011) · cites this paper as Draganski et al., 2006
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Voxel-Based Morphometry—The Methods
Ashburner, J., & Friston, K. J. (2000) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.2000.0582 · Cited by 8,676 · see citing works
Neurogenesis in the adult human hippocampus
Eriksson, P. S., Perfilieva, E., Björk-Eriksson, T., Alborn, A.-M., Nordborg, C., Peterson, D. A., & Gage, F. H. (1998) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/3305 · Cited by 6,369 · see citing works
Maldjian, J., Laurienti, P., Kraft, R., & Burdette, J. (2003) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/s1053-8119(03)00169-1 · Cited by 5,453 · see citing works
A Voxel-Based Morphometric Study of Ageing in 465 Normal Adult Human Brains
Good, C. D., Johnsrude, I. S., Ashburner, J., Henson, R. N. A., Friston, K. J., & Frackowiak, R. S. J. (2001) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.2001.0786 · Cited by 4,561 · see citing works
Running increases cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the adult mouse dentate gyrus
van Praag, H., Kempermann, G., & Gage, F. H. (1999) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/6368 · Cited by 3,880 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Neuroendocrinology of Stress: A Never Ending Story
Lightman, S. L. (2008) · Journal of Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2826.2008.01711.x · Cited by 3,570 · see citing works
More hippocampal neurons in adult mice living in an enriched environment
Kempermann, G., Kuhn, H. G., & Gage, F. H. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/386493a0 · Cited by 3,513 · see citing works
Self-citationNavigation-related structural change in the hippocampi of taxi drivers
Maguire, E. A., Gadian, D. G., Johnsrude, I. S., Good, C. D., Ashburner, J., Frackowiak, R. S. J., & Frith, C. D. (2000) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.070039597 · Cited by 3,225 · see citing works
Functional neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus
van Praag, H., Schinder, A. F., Christie, B. R., Toni, N., Palmer, T. D., & Gage, F. H. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/4151030a · Cited by 2,853 · see citing works
Squire, L. R., Stark, C. E. L., & Clark, R. E. (2004) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.27.070203.144130 · Cited by 2,680 · see citing works
Changes in grey matter induced by training
Draganski, B., Gaser, C., Busch, V., Schuierer, G., Bogdahn, U., & May, A. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/427311a · Cited by 2,373 · see citing works
Self-citationLearning enhances adult neurogenesis in the hippocampal formation
Gould, E., Beylin, A., Tanapat, P., Reeves, A., & Shors, T. J. (1999) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/6365 · Cited by 2,157 · see citing works
STRESS AND HIPPOCAMPAL PLASTICITY
McEwen, B. S. (1999) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.22.1.105 · Cited by 2,087 · see citing works
Neurogenesis in the adult is involved in the formation of trace memories
Shors, T. J., Miesegaes, G. R., Beylin, A. V., Zhao, M., Rydel, T. A., & Gould, E. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35066584 · Cited by 2,014 · see citing works
Long-term in vivo imaging of experience-dependent synaptic plasticity in adult cortex
Trachtenberg, J. T., Chen, B. E., Knott, G. W., Feng, G., Sanes, J. R., Welker, E., & Svoboda, K. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature01273 · Cited by 1,927 · see citing works
Brain Structures Differ between Musicians and Non-Musicians
Christian Gaser, B., & Gottfried Schlaug, A. (2003) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.23-27-09240.2003 · Cited by 1,626 · see citing works
Capacity limit of visual short-term memory in human posterior parietal cortex
Todd, J. J., & Marois, R. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02466 · Cited by 1,477 · see citing works
Eichenbaum (2004) · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2004.08.028 · Cited by 1,464 · see citing works
Distinct morphological stages of dentate granule neuron maturation in the adult mouse hippocampus
Zhao, C., Teng, E. M., Summers, R. G., Ming, G.-L., & Gage, F. H. (2006) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3648-05.2006 · Cited by 1,257 · see citing works
Memory consolidation and the medial temporal lobe: a simple network model.
Alvarez, P., & Squire, L. R. (1994) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.91.15.7041 · Cited by 1,054 · see citing works
Neurogenesis in the Adult Brain
Gage, F. H. (2002) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.22-03-00612.2002 · Cited by 796 · see citing works
Sites of Neocortical Reorganization Critical for Remote Spatial Memory
Maviel, T., Durkin, T., Menzaghi, F., & Bontempi, B. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1098180 · Cited by 659 · see citing works
Functional significance of adult neurogenesis
Kempermann, G., Wiskott, L., & Gage, F. H. (2004) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.conb.2004.03.001 · Cited by 630 · see citing works
Self-citationCorrelation between structural and functional changes in brain in an idiopathic headache syndrome
May, A., Ashburner, J., Büchel, C., McGonigle, D. J., Friston, K. J., Frackowiak, R. S. J., & Goadsby, P. J. (1999) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/10561 · Cited by 547 · see citing works
Self-citationReactivation of encoding-related brain activity during memory retrieval
Nyberg, L. H., Habib, R., McIntosh, A. R., & Tulving, E. (2000) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.97.20.11120 · Cited by 457 · see citing works
The Predictive Value of Changes in Effective Connectivity for Human Learning
Büchel, C., Coull, J. T., & Friston, K. J. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.283.5407.1538 · Cited by 447 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Neuroimaging data confirm the involvement of the dorsal and the ventral visual stream in learning and memory, in addition to their role in perception and encoding of visual information (Buchel et al., 1999).”
BackgroundFunctional-anatomic correlates of remembering and knowing
Wheeler, M. E., & Buckner, R. L. (2004) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.11.001 · Cited by 434 · see citing works
Neural basis of an inherited speech and language disorder
Vargha‐Khadem, F., Watkins, K. E., Price, C. J., Ashburner, J., Alcock, K., Connelly, A., Frackowiak, R. S. J., Friston, K. J., Pembrey, M. E., Mishkin, M., et al. (1998) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.95.21.12695 · Cited by 395 · see citing works
Navigation expertise and the human hippocampus: A structural brain imaging analysis
Maguire, E. A., Spiers, H. J., Good, C. D., Hartley, T., Frackowiak, R. S. J., & Burgess, N. (2003) · Hippocampus · doi:10.1002/hipo.10087 · Cited by 359 · see citing works
Sluming, V., Barrick, T. R., Howard, M. A., Cezayirli, E., Mayes, A. R., & Roberts, N. (2002) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.2002.1288 · Cited by 346 · see citing works
Linden, D. E. J., Bittner, R. A., Muckli, L. F., Waltz, J. A., Kriegeskorte, N., Goebel, R., Singer, W., & Munk, M. H. J. (2003) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.07.021 · Cited by 333 · see citing works
Woermann, F. G., Free, S. L., Koepp, M. J., Sisodiya, S. M., & Duncan, J. S. (1999) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/122.11.2101 · Cited by 331 · see citing works
Cognitive Memory: Cellular and Network Machineries and Their Top-Down Control
Miyashita, Y. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1101864 · Cited by 314 · see citing works
Anatomical Correlates of Learning Novel Speech Sounds
Narly Golestani, A., Paus, T., & Zatorre, R. J. (2002) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(02)00862-0 · Cited by 314 · see citing works
The Persistence of Long-Term Memory
Bailey, C. H., Kandel, E. R., & Si, K. (2004) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2004.09.017 · Cited by 277 · see citing works
Shannon, B. J., & Buckner, R. L. (2004) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2625-04.2004 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Stress, Glucocorticoids, and Memory: A Meta-analytic Review
Sauro, M. D., Jorgensen, R. S., & Pedlow, C. T. (2003) · Stress · doi:10.1080/10253890310001616482 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Chambers, R. A., Potenza, M. N., Hoffman, R. E., & Miranker, W. L. (2003) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1300358 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Localisation of a gene implicated in a severe speech and language disorder
Vargha‐Khadem, F. (1998) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Closer to neurogenesis in adult humans
Kempermann, G., & Gage, F. H. (1998) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm0598-555 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Mindfulness practice leads to increases in regional brain gray matter density
Hölzel, B. K., Carmody, J., Vangel, M., Congleton, C., Yerramsetti, S. M., Gard, T., & Lazar, S. W. (2011) · Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2010.08.006 · Cited by 1,914 · see citing works
Plasticity in gray and white: neuroimaging changes in brain structure during learning
Zatorre, R. J., Fields, R. D., & Johansen-Berg, H. (2012) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.3045 · Cited by 1,685 · see citing works
Stress Effects on Neuronal Structure: Hippocampus, Amygdala, and Prefrontal Cortex
McEwen, B. S., Nasca, C., & Gray, J. D. (2016) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2015.171 · Cited by 1,574 · see citing works
Training induces changes in white-matter architecture
Scholz, J., Klein, M. C., Behrens, T. E. J., & Johansen-Berg, H. (2009) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.2412 · Cited by 1,508 · see citing works
Hertzog, C., Kramer, A. F., Wilson, R. S., & Lindenberger, U. (2008) · Psychological Science in the Public Interest · doi:10.1111/j.1539-6053.2009.01034.x · Cited by 1,495 · see citing works
Brain on stress: how the social environment gets under the skin
McEwen, B. S. (2012) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1121254109 · Cited by 1,200 · see citing works
Do “brain-training” programs work?
Simons, D. J., Boot, W. R., Charness, N., Gathercole, S. E., Chabris, C. F., Hambrick, D. Z., & Stine-Morrow, E. A. L. (2016) · Psychological Science in the Public Interest · doi:10.1177/1529100616661983 · Cited by 1,183 · see citing works
Adolescent cortical development: A critical period of vulnerability for addiction
Crews, F., He, J., & Hodge, C. (2007) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2006.12.001 · Cited by 1,091 · see citing works
The Brain on Stress: Vulnerability and Plasticity of the Prefrontal Cortex over the Life Course
McEwen, B. S., & Morrison, J. H. (2013) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2013.06.028 · Cited by 1,079 · see citing works
The structural basis of inter-individual differences in human behaviour and cognition
Kanai, R., & Rees, G. (2011) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3000 · Cited by 1,055 · see citing works
Intelligence and neural efficiency
Neubauer, A. C., & Fink, A. (2009) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2009.04.001 · Cited by 878 · see citing works
A theoretical framework for the study of adult cognitive plasticity
Lövdén, M., Bäckman, L., Lindenberger, U., Schaefer, S., & Schmiedek, F. (2010) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0020080 · Cited by 731 · see citing works
Revisiting the Stress Concept: Implications for Affective Disorders
McEwen, B. S., & Akil, H. (2020) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0733-19.2019 · Cited by 686 · see citing works
The “online brain”: How the Internet may be changing our cognition
Firth, J., Torous, J., Stubbs, B., Firth, J. A., Steiner, G. Z., Smith, L., Alvarez‐Jimenez, M., Gleeson, J., Vancampfort, D., Armitage, C. J., et al. (2019) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20617 · Cited by 694 · see citing works
Training-Induced Brain Structure Changes in the Elderly
Boyke, J., Driemeyer, J., Gaser, C., Büchel, C., & May, A. (2008) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0742-08.2008 · Cited by 681 · see citing works
Self-citationImpulsivity, frontal lobes and risk for addiction
Crews, F. T., & Boettiger, C. A. (2009) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2009.04.018 · Cited by 679 · see citing works
“Learning in humans during studying for exams (Draganski et al., 2006) or practicing juggling (Draganski et al.”
BackgroundStress reduction correlates with structural changes in the amygdala
Hölzel, B. K., Carmody, J., Evans, K. C., Hoge, E. A., Dusek, J. A., Morgan, L., Pitman, R. K., & Lazar, S. W. (2010) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsp034 · Cited by 603 · see citing works
Training of Working Memory Impacts Structural Connectivity
Takeuchi, H., Sekiguchi, A., Taki, Y., Yokoyama, S., Yomogida, Y., Komuro, N., Yamanouchi, T., Suzuki, S., & Kawashima, R. (2010) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4611-09.2010 · Cited by 531 · see citing works
Experience-dependent structural plasticity in the adult human brain
May, A. (2011) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2011.08.002 · Cited by 512 · see citing works
Self-citationLuders, E., Toga, A. W., Lepore, N., & Gaser, C. (2009) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.12.061 · Cited by 469 · see citing works
Kraus, C., Castrén, E., Kasper, S., & Lanzenberger, R. (2017) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.03.007 · Cited by 457 · see citing works
How neuroimaging studies have challenged us to rethink: Is chronic pain a disease?
Tracey, I., & Bushnell, M. C. (2009) · The Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2009.09.001 · Cited by 455 · see citing works
Training-induced structural changes in the adult human brain
Draganski, B., & May, A. (2008) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2008.02.015 · Cited by 437 · see citing works
Self-citationRelation of cognitive activity to risk of developing Alzheimer disease
Wilson, R. S., Scherr, P. A., Schneider, J. A., Tang, Y., & Bennett, D. A. (2007) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000271087.67782.cb · Cited by 400 · see citing works
Age effects on gray matter volume and attentional performance in Zen meditation
Pagnoni, G., & Cekic, M. (2007) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2007.06.008 · Cited by 370 · see citing works
The effects of aerobic activity on brain structure.
Thomas, A. G., Dennis, A., Bandettini, P. A., & Johansen-Berg, H. (2012) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00086 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
Recognizing resilience: Learning from the effects of stress on the brain
McEwen, B. S., Gray, J. D., & Nasca, C. (2015) · Neurobiology of Stress · doi:10.1016/j.ynstr.2014.09.001 · Cited by 292 · see citing works
Changing perspectives regarding late-life dementia
Fotuhi, M., Hachinski, V., & Whitehouse, P. J. (2009) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2009.175 · Cited by 291 · see citing works
Valk, S. L., Bernhardt, B. C., Trautwein, F.-M., Böckler, A., Kanske, P., Guizard, N., Collins, D. L., & Singer, T. (2017) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.1700489 · Cited by 264 · see citing works
Education and cognitive reserve in old age
Wilson, R. S., Yu, L., Lamar, M., Schneider, J. A., Boyle, P. A., & Bennett, D. A. (2019) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000007036 · Cited by 282 · see citing works
McEwen, B. S., Gray, J. D., & Nasca, C. (2015) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/joe-15-0121 · Cited by 253 · see citing works
Raizada, R. D. S., Richards, T. L., Meltzoff, A., & Kuhl, P. K. (2008) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.01.021 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
Long-term meditation is associated with increased gray matter density in the brain stem
Vestergaard-Poulsen, P., van Beek, M., Skewes, J., Bjarkam, C. R., Stubberup, M., Bertelsen, J., & Roepstorff, A. (2009) · NeuroReport · doi:10.1097/wnr.0b013e328320012a · Cited by 235 · see citing works
The human parental brain: In vivo neuroimaging
Swain, J. E. (2011) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2010.10.017 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Experience-dependent plasticity of white-matter microstructure extends into old age
Lövdén, M., Bodammer, N. C., Kühn, S., Kaufmann, J., Schütze, H., Tempelmann, C., Heinze, H.-J., Düzel, E., Schmiedek, F., & Lindenberger, U. (2010) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.08.026 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
The effect of meditation on brain structure: cortical thickness mapping and diffusion tensor imaging
Kang, D.-H., Jo, H. J., Jung, W. H., Kim, S. H., Jung, Y.-H., Choi, C.-H., Lee, U. S., An, S. C., Jang, J. H., & Kwon, J. S. (2013) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nss056 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Neuronal effects following working memory training.
Buschkuehl, M., Jaeggi, S. M., & Jonides, J. (2012) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2011.10.001 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Enhanced brain connectivity in long-term meditation practitioners
Luders, E., Clark, K., Narr, K. L., & Toga, A. W. (2011) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.05.075 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Short-term learning induces white matter plasticity in the fornix
Hofstetter, S., Tavor, I., Tzur Moryosef, S., & Assaf, Y. (2013) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4520-12.2013 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
Noack, H., Lövdén, M., Schmiedek, F., & Lindenberger, U. (2009) · Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience · doi:10.3233/rnn-2009-0496 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Cellular and molecular mechanisms of immunomodulation in the brain through environmental enrichment
Singhal, G., Jaehne, E. J., Corrigan, F., & Baune, B. T. (2014) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2014.00097 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
The Rat Prefrontostriatal System Analyzed in 3D: Evidence for Multiple Interacting Functional Units
Mailly, P., Aliane, V., Groenewegen, H. J., Haber, S. N., & Deniau, J.-M. (2013) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.5248-12.2013 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
The effects of visual deprivation on functional and structural organization of the human Brain
NOPPENEY, U. (2007) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2007.04.012 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Stress-induced remodeling of hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons
McEwen, B. S. (2016) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2015.12.043 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Structural and functional correlates of hypnotic depth and suggestibility
McGeown, W. J., Mazzoni, G., Vannucci, M., & Venneri, A. (2015) · Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2014.11.015 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Cortical thickness alterations in social anxiety disorder
Frick, A., Howner, K., Fischer, H., Eskildsen, S. F., Kristiansson, M., & Furmark, T. (2013) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2012.12.060 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Hamzei, F., Glauche, V., Schwarzwald, R., & May, A. (2012) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.10.089 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Self-citationRodriguez-Romaguera, J., Do-Monte, F. H., Tanimura, Y., Quirk, G. J., & Haber, S. N. (2015) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2015.20 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
The future of functionally-related structural change assessment
Johansen-Berg, H. (2012) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.10.073 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Grey matter correlates of susceptibility to scams in community-dwelling older adults
Duke Han, S., Boyle, P. A., Yu, L., Arfanakis, K., James, B. D., Fleischman, D. A., & Bennett, D. A. (2016) · Brain Imaging and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s11682-015-9422-4 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Peiffer, A., Brichet, M., De Tiège, X., Peigneux, P., & Urbain, C. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-66880-3 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Epigenetic Interactions and the Brain-Body Communication
McEwen, B. S. (2017) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000449150 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
The Neurophysiology of Pain Perception and Hypnotic Analgesia: Implications for Clinical Practice
Jensen, M. P. (2008) · American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis · doi:10.1080/00029157.2008.10401654 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Apolipoprotein E ε4-related thickening of the cerebral cortex modulates selective attention
Espeseth, T., Westlye, L. T., Walhovd, K. B., Fjell, A. M., Endestad, T., Rootwelt, H., & Reinvang, I. (2012) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2009.12.027 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Gendron, M., Mesquita, B., & Barrett, L. F. (2020) · Culture, Mind, and Brain · doi:10.1017/9781108695374.010 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
- Authors
- Draganski, B., Gaser, C., Kempermann, G., Kuhn, H. G., Winkler, J., Buchel, C., & May, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Regensburg (DE)
- Universität Hamburg (DE)
- Venue
- Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2006-06-07
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 23
- Pages
- 6314-6317
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6675198
- OpenAlex
- W2012130547
- Cited by
- 765
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 64 · 2019: 65 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 48 · 2015: 52 · 2014: 62 · 2013: 46 · 2012: 51
- FWCI
- 13.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- MDC Repository (Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine) (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Volkswagen Foundation
- Vetenskapsrådet
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neuroscience, Education and Cognitive Function
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Keywords
- structural brain plasticity, long-term memory, parietal cortex, hippocampus, medical students, medical examination preparation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain, Educational Measurement, Female, Hippocampus, Humans, Learning, Longitudinal Studies, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neuronal Plasticity, Periaqueductal Gray, Students, Medical, Time Factors, Case-Control Studies
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
