Acceptance lowers stress reactivity: Dismantling mindfulness training in a randomized controlled trial
Open accessPreprint — published as 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.09.015 · Paper page
Abstract
Objective: Mindfulness interventions, which train practitioners to monitor their present-moment experience with a lens of acceptance, are known to buffer stress reactivity. Little is known about the active mechanisms driving these effects. We theorize that acceptance is a critical emotion regulation mechanism underlying mindfulness stress reduction effects. Method: In this three-arm parallel trial, mindfulness components were dismantled into three structurally equivalent 15-lesson smartphone-based interventions: (1) training in both monitoring and acceptance (Monitor+Accept), (2) training in monitoring only (Monitor Only), or (3) active control training (Coping control). 153 stressed adults (mean age = 32 years; 67% female; 53% white, 21.5% black, 21.5% Asian, 4% other race) were randomly assigned to complete one of three interventions. After the intervention, cortisol, blood pressure, and subjective stress reactivity were assessed using a modified Trier Social Stress Test. Results: As predicted, Monitor+Accept training reduced cortisol and systolic blood pressure reactivity compared to Monitor Only and control trainings. Participants in all three conditions reported moderate levels of subjective stress.Conclusions: This study provides the first experimental evidence that brief smartphone mindfulness training can impact stress biology, and that acceptance training drives these effects. We discuss implications for basic and applied research in contemplative science, emotion regulation, stress and coping, health, and clinical interventions.
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Lindsay, E. K., Young, S., Smyth, J. M., Brown, K. W., & Creswell, J. D.
- Affiliations
- Carnegie Mellon University (US)
- University of Vermont (US)
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- Virginia Commonwealth University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lindsay, Emily K
- Venue
- Psychoneuroendocrinology
- Publisher
- Center for Open Science
- Published
- 2017-09-28
- Volume
- 87
- Pages
- 63-73
- ISSN
- 0306-4530 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2764264186
- Cited by
- 226
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 22.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Locations
- Psychoneuroendocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- MindRxiv (OSF Preprints) (submittedVersion)
- MindRxiv (OSF Preprints) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- American Psychological Association
- Mind and Life Institute
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000005)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Keywords
- mindfulness training, acceptance, stress reactivity, emotion regulation, cortisol, blood pressure, smartphone-based intervention, Trier Social Stress Test, stress biology, coping, contemplative science
- MeSH terms
- Smartphone, Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Emotions, Female, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Male, Psychological Distance, Stress, Psychological, Meditation, Mindfulness
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