Mindfulness Training and Physical Health: Mechanisms and Outcomes

Creswell, J. David; Lindsay, Emily K.; Villalba, Daniella K.; Chin, Brian

doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000000675

Cited by 252Mindfulness and Compassion InterventionsHealth, psychology, and well-beingPsychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments

Mindfulness Training and Physical Health: Mechanisms and Outcomes

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Creswell, J. David, Lindsay, Emily K., Villalba, Daniella K., Chin, Brian·2019·Psychosomatic Medicine

DOI 10.1097/psy.0000000000000675PMC PMC6613793

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Abstract

Objective: There has been substantial research and public interest in mindfulness interventions, biological pathways, and health for the past two decades. This article reviews recent developments in understanding relationships between mindfulness interventions and physical health. Methods: A selective review was conducted with the goal of synthesizing conceptual and empirical relationships between mindfulness interventions and physical health outcomes. Results: Initial randomized controlled trials in this area suggest that mindfulness interventions can improve pain management outcomes among chronic pain populations, and there is preliminary evidence for mindfulness interventions improving specific stress-related disease outcomes in some patient populations (i.e., clinical colds, psoriasis, irritable bowel syndrome, posttraumatic stress disorder, diabetes, HIV). We offer a stress-buffering framework for the observed beneficial effects of mindfulness interventions and summarize supporting biobehavioral and neuroimaging studies that provide plausible mechanistic pathways linking mindfulness interventions with positive physical health outcomes. Conclusions: We conclude with new opportunities for research and clinical implementations to consider in the next two decades.

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Mindfulness-based interventions have been shown to decrease inflammation.
“MBIs have been shown to decrease inflammation42,43”
From Feasibility, Acceptability, and Efficacy of Mindfulness Training in People With Upper Motor Neuron Disorders: A Systematic Review (2022) · cites this paper as [43]
In “Mindfulness Interventions and Physical Health: Outcomes” (page not provided), the review says some RCTs suggest reductions in inflammatory markers. But it also reports trials with no reduction and concludes that evidence is not compelling that mindfulness interventions reliably lower systemic inflammation. The unqualified claim overstates the evidence presented. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Mindfulness-based interventions decrease cortisol levels by altering hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function.
“decrease cortisol levels by altering hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function,42–45”
From Feasibility, Acceptability, and Efficacy of Mindfulness Training in People With Upper Motor Neuron Disorders: A Systematic Review (2022) · cites this paper as [43]
In “Mindfulness Intervention Mechanisms: Psychological Pathways” (page not provided), the paper reports that mindfulness training buffered cortisol reactivity to a laboratory stress challenge. “Biological Pathways” says initial work suggests buffering of HPA-axis responses, but notes that not all randomized trials found this effect. These passages do not establish a general decrease in cortisol levels or show that altered HPA-axis function caused it. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Mindfulness interventions foster resilience to stress in the brain by enhancing connectivity within stress regulatory regions of the prefrontal cortex and decreasing connectivity in regions of the brain controlling the fight-or-flight stress response.
“Creswell et al 32,33 suggest that mindfulness interventions foster resilience to stress in the brain by enhancing connectivity within stress regulatory regions of the prefrontal cortex and decreasing connectivity in regions of the brain controlling the fight-or-flight stress response.”
From Nursing Implications of Mindfulness-Informed Interventions for Stroke Survivors and Their Families. (2022) · cites this paper as [33]
Mindfulness training can buffer the sympathetic nervous system and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal response to acute stress.
“Furthermore, their work suggests that mindfulness training can buffer the sympathetic nervous system and hypothalamicpituitary-adrenal response to acute stress.”
From Nursing Implications of Mindfulness-Informed Interventions for Stroke Survivors and Their Families. (2022) · cites this paper as [33]
Intervention studies have shown promising results for mindfulness interventions in patients living with long term health conditions and chronic pain.
“Intervention studies have shown promising results for mindfulness interventions in patients living with long term health conditions and chronic pain (31, 32).”
From Mindfulness as Predictor of Itch Catastrophizing in Patients With Atopic Dermatitis: Results of a Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study (2021) · cites this paper as [32]

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Mindfulness meditation training alters stress-related amygdala resting state functional connectivity: a randomized controlled trial
Taren, A. A., Gianaros, P. J., Greco, C. M., Lindsay, E. K., Fairgrieve, A., Brown, K. W., Rosen, R. K., Ferris, J. L., Julson, E., Marsland, A. L., et al. (2015) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsv066 · Cited by 236 · cited 1× · see citing works
“For example, we have recently shown that mindfulness training decreases stress-related resting state functional connectivity of the amygdala with subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (53), a pathway that may be important in coordinating the brain's central fight-or-flight stress response (51).”
Self-citation
Acceptance lowers stress reactivity: Dismantling mindfulness training in a randomized controlled trial
Lindsay, E. K., Young, S., Smyth, J. M., Brown, K. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.09.015 · Cited by 226 · cited 8× · see citing works
“Indeed, some initial work suggests that mindfulness interventions can buffer sympathetic nervous system and HPA-axis responses to acute stress (16,56), although not all RCT studies show sympathetic nervous system and HPA-axis stress-buffering effects (43,57).”
InfluentialSelf-citation
Acceptance lowers stress reactivity: Dismantling mindfulness training in a randomized controlled trial
Lindsay, E. K., Young, S., Smyth, J. M., Brown, K. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017) · doi:10.31219/osf.io/4se5m · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Self-citation
How mindfulness training promotes positive emotions: Dismantling acceptance skills training in two randomized controlled trials.
Lindsay, E. K., Chin, B., Greco, C. M., Young, S., Brown, K. W., Wright, A. G. C., Smyth, J. M., Burkett, D., & Creswell, J. D. (2018) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/pspa0000134 · Cited by 218 · cited 1× · see citing works
“, (85,86) and social connections (32,87,88) that may ultimately improve physical health outcomes.”
Self-citation
Dispositional mindfulness and depressive symptomatology: Correlations with limbic and self-referential neural activity during rest
Way, B. M., Creswell, J. D., Eisenberger, N. I., & Lieberman, M. D. (2010) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/a0018312 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Self-citation
Therapeutic mechanisms of a mindfulness-based treatment for IBS: effects on visceral sensitivity, catastrophizing, and affective processing of pain sensations.
Garland, E. L., Gaylord, S. A., Palsson, O., Faurot, K., Douglas Mann, J., & Whitehead, W. E. (2012) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-011-9391-z · Cited by 210 · cited 2× · see citing works
“in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptom immediately after a mindfulness intervention and at a 6-month follow-up (26,27).”
Mindfulness Meditation Training and Executive Control Network Resting State Functional Connectivity: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Taren, A. A., Gianaros, P. J., Greco, C. M., Lindsay, E. K., Fairgrieve, A., Brown, K. W., Rosen, R. K., Ferris, J. L., Julson, E., Marsland, A. L., et al. (2017) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000000466 · Cited by 201 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Regarding the regulatory pathway, we and others have shown that mindfulness interventions increase the coupling of the resting brain (the socalled default mode network) with regulatory regions of the prefrontal cortex in the executive control network (14,47,48), while also increasing connectivity strength among region…”
Self-citation
Effects of a mindfulness-based intervention on mindful eating, sweets consumption, and fasting glucose levels in obese adults: data from the SHINE randomized controlled trial
Mason, A. E., Epel, E. S., Kristeller, J. L., Moran, P. J., Dallman, M. F., Lustig, R. H., Acree, M. C., Bacchetti, P., Laraia, B. A., Hecht, F. M., et al. (2015) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-015-9692-8 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Workplace based mindfulness practice and inflammation: A randomized trial
Malarkey, W. B., Jarjoura, D., & Klatt, M. (2013) · Brain, Behavior, and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2012.10.009 · Cited by 194 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Although some RCTs suggest that mindfulness interventions may reduce IL-6 (14) or CRP (32–34) among older adults and high-stress adults, other studies have failed to show any reduction (IL-6: (32,34,42); CRP: (35).”
Mindfulness-based stress reduction and physiological activity during acute stress: a randomized controlled trial
Nyklíček, I., Mommersteeg, P. M. C., Van Beugen, S., Ramakers, C., & Van Boxtel, G. J. (2013) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0032200 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Mindfulness-based stress reduction for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome symptoms: A randomized wait-list controlled trial
Zernicke, K. A., Campbell, T. S., Blustein, P. K., Fung, T. S., Johnson, J. A., Bacon, S. L., & Carlson, L. E. (2013) · International Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12529-012-9241-6 · Cited by 178 · cited 1× · see citing works
“in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptom immediately after a mindfulness intervention and at a 6-month follow-up (26,27).”
Mindfulness and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: State of the Evidence, Plausible Mechanisms, and Theoretical Framework
Loucks, E. B., Schuman-Olivier, Z., Britton, W. B., Fresco, D. M., Desbordes, G., Brewer, J. A., & Fulwiler, C. (2015) · Current Cardiology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11886-015-0668-7 · Cited by 158 · cited 1× · see citing works
“mindfulness interventions impact other stress-related diseases that are highly prevalent and drive a significant burden of health care costs ((76), e.”
Meditation or exercise for preventing acute respiratory infection: a randomized controlled trial
Barrett, B., Hayney, M. S., Muller, D., Rakel, D., Ward, A., Obasi, C. N., Brown, R., Zhang, Z., Zgierska, A., Gern, J., et al. (2012) · The Annals of Family Medicine · doi:10.1370/afm.1376 · Cited by 156 · cited 1× · see citing works
“However, this mindfulness intervention did not significantly decrease the number of overall health care visits or cold-related missed work days (25).”
Specific reduction in cortisol stress reactivity after social but not attention-based mental training
Engert, V., Kok, B. E., Papassotiriou, I., Chrousos, G. P., & Singer, T. (2017) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.1700495 · Cited by 151 · cited 1× · see citing works
“both a monitor only mindfulness training group and a structurally matched placebo control training group (16) (cf, (80)).”
Mindfulness and cognitive-behavioral interventions for chronic pain: Differential effects on daily pain reactivity and stress reactivity
Davis, M. C., Zautra, A. J., Wolf, L. D., Tennen, H., & Yeung, E. W. (2015) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0038200 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction to Prevent Flare-Up in Patients with Inactive Ulcerative Colitis
Jedel, S., Hoffman, A., Merriman, P., Swanson, B., Voigt, R., Rajan, K. B., Shaikh, M., Li, H., & Keshavarzian, A. (2014) · Digestion · doi:10.1159/000356316 · Cited by 143 · cited 2× · see citing works
“(2014) (33) reported that a mindfulness intervention reduced CRP, they questioned its clinical significance given that this reduction in CRP did not lower the incidence of ulcerative colitis flare-ups.”
Dispositional Mindfulness Co-Varies with Smaller Amygdala and Caudate Volumes in Community Adults
Taren, A. A., Creswell, J. D., & Gianaros, P. J. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0064574 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Self-citation
Polysomnographic and Subjective Profiles of Sleep Continuity Before and After Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Partially Remitted Depression
Britton, W. B., Haynes, P. L., Fridel, K. W., & Bootzin, R. R. (2010) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e3181dc1bad · Cited by 125 · cited 1× · see citing works
“, actigraphy or polysomnography) (cf, (71)).”
Reduced reward-driven eating accounts for the impact of a mindfulness-based diet and exercise intervention on weight loss: Data from the SHINE randomized controlled trial
Mason, A. E., Epel, E. S., Aschbacher, K., Lustig, R. H., Acree, M., Kristeller, J., Cohn, M., Dallman, M., Moran, P. J., Bacchetti, P., et al. (2016) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2016.02.009 · Cited by 125 · cited 1× · see citing works
“eating behaviors, such as reducing binge eating (66) and sweet consumption (67,68).”
Meditation and vacation effects have an impact on disease-associated molecular phenotypes
Epel, E. S., Puterman, E., Lin, J., Blackburn, E. H., Lum, P. Y., Beckmann, N. D., Zhu, J., Lee, E., Gilbert, A., Rissman, R. A., et al. (2016) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2016.164 · Cited by 105 · cited 1× · see citing works
“tested and show promise for improving health-related biomarkers— including residential mindfulness meditation retreats (14,15), smartphone-delivered mindfulness programs (16), and brief 3- to 4-day audio-guided mindfulness training in the laboratory (17).”
Meditation awareness training for the treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome: A randomized controlled trial
Gordon, W. V., Shonin, E., Dunn, T. J., García‐Campayo, J., & Griffiths, M. D. (2016) · British Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjhp.12224 · Cited by 103 · cited 1× · see citing works
“For example, 8-week mindfulness interventions have been shown to significantly reduce functional disability and improve pain management in chronic low back pain patients (19–21), chronic pain patients misusing opioids (21), rheumatoid arthritis patients (22), and fibromyalgia patients (23) (cf, (24)).”
Psychological mechanisms driving stress resilience in mindfulness training: A randomized controlled trial.
Chin, B., Lindsay, E. K., Greco, C. M., Brown, K. W., Smyth, J. M., Wright, A. G. C., & Creswell, J. D. (2019) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/hea0000763 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Self-citation
Dismantling Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy: Creation and validation of 8-week focused attention and open monitoring interventions within a 3-armed randomized controlled trial
Britton, W. B., Davis, J. H., Loucks, E. B., Peterson, B., Cullen, B. H., Reuter, L., Rando, A., Rahrig, H., Lipsky, J., & Lindahl, J. R. (2018) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2017.09.010 · Cited by 100 · cited 1× · see citing works
“work (and others, (84)) has focused on the most stringent treatment-controlled approach to date—namely, pitting two different forms of mindfulness intervention against each other in a dismantling study approach (16).”
Pilot randomized controlled trial of a mindfulness-based group intervention in adolescent girls at risk for type 2 diabetes with depressive symptoms
Shomaker, L. B., Bruggink, S. M., Pivarunas, B., Skoranski, A. M., Foss, J., Chaffin, E., Dalager, S. L., Annameier, S. K., Quaglia, J. T., Brown, K. W., et al. (2017) · Complementary Therapies in Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2017.04.003 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on the Quality of Life, Emotional Status, and CD4 Cell Count of Patients Aging with HIV Infection
González-García, M., Ferrer, M. J., Borràs, X., Muñoz-Moreno, J. A., Miranda, C., Puig, J., Pérez‐Álvarez, N., Soler, J., Feliu‐Soler, A., Clotet, B., et al. (2013) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-013-0612-z · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Randomized Controlled Trial of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Delivered to Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Positive Patients in Iran: Effects on CD4+ T Lymphocyte Count and Medical and Psychological Symptoms
SeyedAlinaghi, S., Jam, S., Foroughi, M., Imani, A., Mohraz, M., Djavid, G. E., & Black, D. S. (2012) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e31825abfaa · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Common and Dissociable Neural Activity After Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction and Relaxation Response Programs
Sevinc, G., Hölzel, B. K., Hashmi, J., Greenberg, J., McCallister, A., Treadway, M., Schneider, M. L., Dusek, J. A., Carmody, J., & Lazar, S. W. (2018) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000000590 · Cited by 67 · cited 1× · see citing works
“group support, relaxation, daily home practice, and placebo expectancies (cf, (83)).”
Health Neuroscience
Erickson, K. I., Creswell, J. D., Verstynen, T., & Gianaros, P. J. (2014) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0963721414549350 · Cited by 64 · cited 1× · see citing works
“a broad spectrum of stress-related diseases (40,44,45).”
Self-citation
The effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction on disease activity in people with rheumatoid arthritis: a randomised controlled trial
Fogarty, F. A., Booth, R. J., Gamble, G. D., Dalbeth, N., & Consedine, N. S. (2014) · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-205946 · Cited by 56 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Although some RCTs suggest that mindfulness interventions may reduce IL-6 (14) or CRP (32–34) among older adults and high-stress adults, other studies have failed to show any reduction (IL-6: (32,34,42); CRP: (35).”
A randomized, controlled trial of mindfulness-based stress reduction in HIV infection
Hecht, F. M., Moskowitz, J. T., Moran, P., Epel, E. S., Bacchetti, P., Acree, M., Kemeny, M. E., Mendes, W. B., Duncan, L. G., Weng, H., et al. (2018) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2018.05.017 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Substance use, mental illness, and familial conflict non-negotiation among HIV-positive African-Americans: latent class regression and a new syndemic framework
Robinson, A. C., Knowlton, A. R., Gielen, A. C., & Gallo, J. J. (2016) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-015-9670-1 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Cognitive and Mind-Body Therapies for Chronic Low Back Pain and Neck Pain
Cherkin, D. C., & Herman, P. M. (2018) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.0113 · Cited by 42 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Group-based MBSR may be more cost-effective compared with individually focused treatments (82).”
Demanding Attention
Freedland, K. E. (2013) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e3182851b75 · Cited by 34 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Whereas waitlist and TAU studies provide an important initial evaluation of whether mindfulness interventions impact health (cf, (18)), active treatment comparators allow for inferences about mindfulness-specific effects on health.”

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Research works printed but not linked: 4

[10]Quaglia JT, Brown KW, Lindsay EK, Creswell JD, Goodman RJ. From conceptualization to operationalization of mindfulness In: Handbook of Mindfulness: New York: Guilford Press; 2014.
[43]Creswell JD. Biological pathways linking mindfulness with health In: Handbook of Mindfulness: Theory, Research, and Practice. New York, NY: Guilford Press; 2014.
[46]Lindsay EK, Creswell JD. Mechanisms of mindfulness training: Monitor and Acceptance Theory (MAT). Clinical Psychology Review. 2017 p. 48– 59. 27835764 PMC5195874
[62]Becker NB, De Jesus SN, Marguilho R, Viseu J, Del Rio KA, Buela-Casal G. Sleep quality and stress: A literature review In: Advanced Research in Health, Education and Social Sciences: Towards a better practice. Sibiu, Romania: Editura Universitară; 2015.

Sorted by citations

Mindfulness and Behavior Change
Schuman-Olivier, Z., Trombka, M., Lovas, D. A., Brewer, J. A., Vago, D. R., Gawande, R., Dunne, J. P., Lazar, S. W., Loucks, E. B., & Fulwiler, C. (2020) · Harvard Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/hrp.0000000000000277 · Cited by 435 · see citing works
Mindfulness-Based School Interventions: a Systematic Review of Outcome Evidence Quality by Study Design
Phan, M. L., Renshaw, T. L., Caramanico, J., Greeson, J. M., Mackenzie, E., Atkinson‐Diaz, Z., Doppelt, N., Tai, H., Mandell, D. S., & Nuske, H. J. (2022) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-022-01885-9 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Neurobiological Changes Induced by Mindfulness and Meditation: A Systematic Review
Calderone, A., Latella, D., Impellizzeri, F., Pasquale, P. D., Famà, F., Quartarone, A., & Calabrò, R. S. (2024) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines12112613 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
“Studies have shown that mindfulness meditation is significantly superior to placebo treatments in reducing both the intensity and unpleasantness of pain [17].”
Psychological mechanisms driving stress resilience in mindfulness training: A randomized controlled trial.
Chin, B., Lindsay, E. K., Greco, C. M., Brown, K. W., Smyth, J. M., Wright, A. G. C., & Creswell, J. D. (2019) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/hea0000763 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Self-citation
Mindfulness‐based stress reduction improves irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms via specific aspects of mindfulness
Naliboff, B. D., Smith, S. R., Serpa, J. G., Laird, K. T., Stains, J., Connolly, L. S., Labus, J. S., & Tillisch, K. (2020) · Neurogastroenterology & Motility · doi:10.1111/nmo.13828 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
The Relationship between Mindful Attention Awareness, Perceived Stress and Subjective Wellbeing
Hepburn, S.-J., Carroll, A., & McCuaig, L. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph182312290 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
“It has been suggested that mindfulness training can support and foster stress resilience pathways in the brain (see [59]).”
Background
Randomized Trial of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction in Cardiac Patients Eligible for Cardiac Rehabilitation
Nijjar, P. S., Connett, J. E., Lindquist, R. A., Brown, R. Z., Burt, M. A., Pergolski, A., Wolfe, A. G., Balaji, P., Chandiramani, N. V., Yu, X., et al. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-54932-2 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
App-based mindfulness meditation reduces perceived stress and improves self-regulation in working university students: A randomised controlled trial
Schulte‐Frankenfeld, P. M., & Trautwein, F. (2022) · Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being · doi:10.1111/aphw.12328 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
“, 2016) and foster physical health (Black & Slavich, 2016; Creswell et al., 2019).”
Background
Sexual violence and cardiovascular disease risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Jakubowski, K., Murray, V., Stokes, N., & Thurston, R. C. (2021) · Maturitas · doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2021.07.014 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Educational intervention versus mindfulness-based intervention for ICU nurses with occupational burnout: A parallel, controlled trial
Xie, C., Zeng, Y., Lv, Y., Li, X., Xiao, J., & Hu, X. (2020) · Complementary Therapies in Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102485 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Post-stroke fatigue: a review of development, prevalence, predisposing factors, measurements, and treatments
Chen, W., Jiang, T., Huang, H., & Zeng, J. (2023) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2023.1298915 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Effects of Mindfulness Meditation Duration and Type on Well-being: an Online Dose-Ranging Randomized Controlled Trial
Fincham, G. W., Mavor, K., & Dritschel, B. (2023) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-023-02119-2 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
“, 2015), along with physical health (Creswell et al., 2019).”
How mindfulness shapes the situational use of emotion regulation strategies in daily life.
Wenzel, M., Rowland, Z., & Kubiak, T. (2020) · Cognition and Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699931.2020.1758632 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Mindfulness-based intervention to decrease mood lability in at-risk youth: Preliminary evidence for changes in resting state functional connectivity
Hafeman, D., Ostroff, A. N., Feldman, J. A., Hickey, M. B., Phillips, M. L., Creswell, D. J., Birmaher, B. B., & Goldstein, T. R. (2020) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.06.042 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
The effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions in inflammatory bowel disease: A Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis
Naude, C., Skvarc, D., Knowles, S. R., Russell, L., Evans, S., & Mikocka‐Walus, A. A. (2023) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111232 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Mixed-Mode Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for psychological resilience, Self Esteem and Stigma of patients with schizophrenia: a randomized controlled trial
Dai, J., Sun, D., Li, B., Zhang, Y., Wen, M., Wang, H., & Bi, H. (2024) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-024-05636-z · Cited by 38 · see citing works
“These changes potentially enhance stress resistance in patients [30].”
Background
The Feasibility and Effectiveness of a New Practical Multidisciplinary Treatment for Low-Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Wippert, P., Drießlein, D., Beck, H., Schneider, C., Puschmann, A.-K., Banzer, W. B., & Schiltenwolf, M. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm9010115 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Effectiveness of online mindfulness-based interventions for cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Fan, M., Wang, Y., Zheng, L., Cui, M., Zhou, X., & Liu, Z. (2023) · Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1093/jjco/hyad101 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
The effects of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on risk and protective factors of depressive relapse – a randomized wait-list controlled trial
Schanche, E., Vøllestad, J., Visted, E., Svendsen, J. L., Osnes, B., Binder, P. E., Franer, P., & Sørensen, L. (2020) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-020-00417-1 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
The Impact of an Online Mindfulness-Based Practice Program on the Mental Health of Brazilian Nurses during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Gherardi-Donato, E. C. D. S., Díaz-Serrano, K. V., Barbosa, M. R., Fernandes, M. N. D. F., Gonçalves-Ferri, W. A., Camargo Júnior, E. B., & Reisdorfer, E. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20043666 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
“Mindfulness practices help reduce stress by altering brain structures and activity in regions associated with attention and emotional regulation [36,37].”
Background
Mindfulness-based stress reduction increases stimulated IL-6 production among lonely older adults: A randomized controlled trial
Lindsay, E. K., Creswell, J. D., Stern, H. J., Greco, C. M., Walko, T. D., Dutcher, J. M., Wright, A. G. C., Brown, K. W., & Marsland, A. L. (2022) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2022.05.001 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citation
Effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on depression in poststroke patients-A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Tao, S., Geng, Y., Li, M., Ye, J., & Liu, Z. (2022) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.111071 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Smartphone mindfulness meditation training reduces Pro-inflammatory gene expression in stressed adults: A randomized controlled trial
Dutcher, J. M., Cole, S. W., Williams, A. C., & Creswell, J. D. (2022) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2022.04.003 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
“Previous research has linked mindfulness training and physical health, demonstrating improvements in stress-related diseases like irritable bowel syndrome, clinical colds, and posttraumatic stress disorder (Creswell et al., 2019).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Mindfulness Practice Reduces Hair Cortisol, Anxiety and Perceived Stress in University Workers: Randomized Clinical Trial
Gherardi‐Donato, E. C. D. S., Gimenez, L. B. H., Fernandes, M. N. D. F., Lacchini, R., Júnior, E. B. C., Díaz‐Serrano, K. V., Melchior, M. D. O., García, R., Riquelme-Galindo, J., & Reisdorfer, E. (2023) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare11212875 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Behavioral Management of Episodic Migraine: Maintaining a Healthy Consistent Lifestyle
Seng, E. K., Gosnell, I., Sutton, L. A., & Grinberg, A. S. (2022) · Current Pain and Headache Reports · doi:10.1007/s11916-022-01023-z · Cited by 29 · see citing works
The Effects of Mindfulness-Based Intervention on Shooting Performance and Cognitive Functions in Archers
Wu, T.-Y., Nien, J., Kuan, G., Wu, C., Chang, Y.-C., Chen, H., & Chang, Y. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.661961 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
“Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) involving mental concepts, specific exercises, and class discussions that are intended to induce positive effects in terms of individual focus, mindfulness-related body sensations, cognitive factors, and emotional regulation (Kabat-Zinn, 1982, 2003; Creswell et al., 2019), have b…”
Background
Understanding mindfulness, one moment at a time: an introduction to the special issue
Bernstein, A., Vago, D. R., & Barnhofer, T. (2019) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.08.001 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Effects of a mindfulness app on employee stress in an Australian public sector workforce: randomized controlled trial
Bartlett, L., Martin, A. J., Kilpatrick, M., Otahal, P., Sanderson, K., & Neil, A. L. (2022) · JMIR mHealth and uHealth · doi:10.2196/30272 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“Mindfulness training can provide personal support for employees as it actively cultivates adaptive coping skills that can buffer the effects of stress on employee health and well-being [14,15].”
Situating Meditation Apps Within the Ecosystem of Meditation Practice: Population-Based Survey Study
Lam, S. U., Xie, Q., & Goldberg, S. B. (2023) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/43565 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
“Research suggests that meditation may be beneficial for mental and physical health [15-20].”
Background
Pattern Theory of Selflessness: How Meditation May Transform the Self-Pattern
Berkovich‐Ohana, A., Brown, K. W., Gallagher, S., Barendregt, H. P., Bauer, P. R., Giommi, F., Nyklı́ček, I., Ostafin, B. D., Raffone, A., Slagter, H. A., et al. (2024) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-024-02418-2 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Effectiveness of online mindfulness-based interventions for improving mental health in patients with physical health conditions: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Liu, Z., Jia, Y., Li, M., Meng, X., Shang, B., Wang, C., & Chen, L. (2021) · Archives of Psychiatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2021.10.001 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Participant experiences of change in mindfulness-based stress reduction for anxiety disorders.
Schanche, E., Vøllestad, J., Binder, P.-E., Hjeltnes, A., Dundas, I., & Nielsen, G. H. (2020) · International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being · doi:10.1080/17482631.2020.1776094 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“regulation of attention to monitor present-moment experience, and the concurrent attitudinal qualities of acceptance, openness and non-judgement (Bishop et al., 2004; Creswell et al., 2019).”
Background
Mental and physical training with meditation and aerobic exercise improved mental health and well-being in teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic
Demmin, D. L., Silverstein, S. M., & Shors, T. J. (2022) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2022.847301 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“The mental and physical health benefits of meditation and aerobic exercise have been demonstrated independently in a variety of populations (e.g., Warburton, 2006; Gillison et al., 2009; Chiesa et al., 2011; Keng et al., 2011; Kvam et al., 2016; Stubbs et al., 2017; Creswell et al., 2019), including teachers (e.”
Background
East versus West: psychology of religion in East Asian cultures
Clobert, M. (2020) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2020.08.021 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Randomized Controlled Trials of Mindfulness and Acceptance-Based Interventions Over the Past Two Decades: A Bibliometric Analysis.
Ma, Y., Kraemer, K. M., Lyu, J., & Yeh, G. Y. (2021) · The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine · doi:10.1089/acm.2020.0548 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Effects of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on Health and Social Care Education: a Cohort-Controlled Study
Lo, H. H. M., Ngai, S., & Yam, K. (2021) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-021-01663-z · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Psychedelic Psychotherapy: Building Wholeness Through Connection
Vaid, G., & Walker, B. (2022) · Global Advances in Health and Medicine · doi:10.1177/2164957x221081113 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Nursing Implications of Mindfulness-Informed Interventions for Stroke Survivors and Their Families.
Saban, K. L., Tell, D., & De La Pena, P. (2022) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.122.038457 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Mindfulness meditation is associated with global EEG spectral changes in theta, alpha, and beta amplitudes
Duda, A. T., Clarke, A. R., Barry, R. J., & Blasio, F. M. D. (2024) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2024.112465 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
The Effects of Mindfulness on Glycemic Control in People with Diabetes: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
Hamasaki, H. (2023) · Medicines · doi:10.3390/medicines10090053 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
“[3] argued that its mechanism of action consists of three pathways: the biological pathway, the health behavior pathway, and the psychological pathway.”
BackgroundInfluential
Mindful Sensation Seeking: An Examination of the Protective Influence of Selected Personality Traits on Risk Sport-Specific Stress
Frenkel, M. O., Brokelmann, J., Nieuwenhuys, A., Heck, R.-B., Kasperk, C. H., Stoffel, M., & Plessner, H. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01719 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Traits of cancer patients and CAM usage
Dufter, S. A., Hübner, J., Ahmadi, E., & Zomorodbakhsch, B. (2021) · Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1007/s00432-021-03605-7 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
“It has been established in various studies that mindfulness promotes well-being and health (Baer 2003; Creswell et al. 2019).”
Background
Mindfulness in adolescents and young adults with diabetes: An integrative review
Koerner, R., & Rechenberg, K. (2022) · Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2022.101659 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
A rowing-specific mindfulness intervention: Effects on mindfulness, flow, reinvestment, and performance
Sparks, K. V., & Ring, C. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.871804 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
“Mindfulness-based interventions have been developed to cultivate mindfulness, and they tend to include practices, such as guided meditations, body scans, gentle stretching, and group discussions (Creswell et al., 2019).”
Background
Assessing the cognitive decline of people in the spectrum of AD by monitoring their activities of daily living in an IoT-enabled smart home environment: a cross-sectional pilot study
Grammatikopoulou, M., Lazarou, I., Alepopoulos, V., Mpaltadoros, L., Oikonomou, V. P., Stavropoulos, T. G., Nikolopoulos, S., Kompatsiaris, I. Y., & Tsolaki, M. (2024) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2024.1375131 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
“…tasks consisting of meditation sessions were also included in the protocol (Task 4 - Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction –MBSR; Crane et al., 2017; Creswell et al., 2019), and Task-5 Kirtan Kriya meditation (Khalsa, 2015), where participants’ performance during meditation was monitored using a…”
Method
Perceived Stress Mediates the Relationship Between Trait Mindfulness and Physical Symptoms of Stress: a Replication Study Using Structural Equation Modeling
McBride, E. E., Chin, G. R., Clauser, K. S., & Greeson, J. M. (2022) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-022-01928-1 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“Finally, this study helps advance the field by testing underlying mechanisms, namely stress-buffering, that connect specific facets of mindfulness to specific outcomes, like stress-related physical symptoms (Creswell et al., 2019) .”
Background
Targeting automatic processes to reduce unhealthy behaviours: a process framework
Larsen, J. K., & Hollands, G. J. (2021) · Health Psychology Review · doi:10.1080/17437199.2021.1876572 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
“Despite the well-known effects of mindfulness on mental health states, recent studies have shown that mindfulness can also improve physical health and health-related (addictive) behaviours, with changes in mindfulness linked to better outcomes (Alsubaie et al., 2017; Creswell et al., 2019).”
Background
Mindfulness meditation alters neural oscillations independently of arousal
Duda, A. T., Clarke, A. R., & Barry, R. J. (2024) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2024.112439 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
An integrated approach to the treatment of Rheumatic diseases: the role of psychological interventions
Bekarissova, S., Bekarisov, O., & Bekaryssova, D. (2024) · Rheumatology International · doi:10.1007/s00296-024-05728-9 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
The meditation app revolution.
Creswell, J. D., & Goldberg, S. B. (2025) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/amp0001576 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
“These characteristics raise an important safety question now particularly since meditation is, by design, intended to be a skill building training program that challenges users to change how they relate to their own moment-to-moment experiences (Creswell, 2017; Creswell et al., 2019).”
Self-citation
Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Reduces Proinflammatory Gene Regulation But Not Systemic Inflammation Among Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Lindsay, E. K., Marsland, A. L., Cole, S. W., Dutcher, J. M., Greco, C. M., Wright, A. G. C., Brown, K. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2023) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000001264 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
“Mindfulness training interventions show promise for reducing loneliness (7,8) and improving health-relevant outcomes (9).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Buffers Glucocorticoid Resistance Among Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Lindsay, E. K., Creswell, J. D., Stern, H. J., Greco, C. M., Dutcher, J. M., Lipitz, S. R., Walsh, C. P., Wright, A. G. C., Brown, K. W., & Marsland, A. L. (2021) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000000928 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
“MLManalyses did not show a significant time by condition effect on GCR across pre, post, and follow-up time points (χ(2)(2) = 4.”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citation
Effectiveness of mindfulness training on pregnancy stress and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis in women in China: A multicenter randomized controlled trial
Shulei, W., Zhang, C., Sun, M., Zhang, D., Luo, Y., Liang, K., Xu, T., Pan, X., Zheng, R., Shangguan, F., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1073494 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Complementary and integrative health therapies in whole person resilience research
Pitcher, M. H., Edwards, E., Langevin, H. M., Rusch, H. L., & Shurtleff, D. (2023) · Stress and Health · doi:10.1002/smi.3276 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Perceived Benefits of Mindfulness and Health Education Programs for Minoritized Adolescents: A Qualitative Analysis
Dariotis, J. K., Mabisi, K., Jackson‐Gordon, R., Rose, E. J., Fishbein, D. H., & Mendelson, T. (2023) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-023-02147-y · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Benefits of a Technology-Delivered Mindfulness Intervention for Psychological Distress and Positive Wellbeing in Depressed College Students: Post-Intervention and Follow-Up Effects from an RCT
Conley, C. S., Gonzales, C. H., Huguenel, B., Rauch, A. A., Kahrilas, I. J., Duffecy, J., & Silton, R. L. (2024) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-024-02398-3 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“Previous science has illustrated that mindfulness modulates myriad mental and physical health outcomes (Creswell et al., 2019; Enkema et al., 2020; Keng et al., 2011; Sevilla-Llewellyn-Jones et al., 2018), setting the stage for continued research on a wider range of benefits, both reducing…”
Mapping the Affective Dimension of Embodiment With the Sensation Manikin: Validation Among Chronic Pain Patients and Modification by Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement
Hanley, A. W., & Garland, E. L. (2019) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000000725 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Surgical Patients and Impact on Postoperative Outcomes, Patient Wellbeing, and Satisfaction
Hymowitz, G., Hasan, F., Yerramalli, G., & Cervoni, C. (2024) · The American Surgeon™ · doi:10.1177/00031348221117025 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
“31,32 Although the mechanisms of MBI ef ﬁ cacy are still being elucidated, available literature indicates that a combination of neurological, en-docrinological, immunological, cognitive, and behavioral mechanisms are at play and both top-down (alteration of cognitive processes) and bottom-up…”
Background
Life-Satisfaction, Engagement, Mindfulness, Flourishing, and Social Support: Do they Predict Depression, Suicide Ideation, and History of Suicide Attempt in Late Life?
O'Brien, E. J., Whitman, K., Buerke, M. L., Galfalvy, H., & Szántó, K. (2022) · American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jagp.2022.12.192 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Enhancing Lifestyles in the Metabolic syndrome (ELM) multisite behavioral efficacy trial. Design and baseline cohort
Powell, L. H., Daniels, B. T., Drees, B. M., Karavolos, K., Lohse, B., Masters, K. S., Nicklas, J. M., Ruder, E. H., Suzuki, S., Trabold, N., et al. (2024) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2023.12.016 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Enhancing the Assessment of Gratitude in Mindfulness Research: a Rasch Analysis of the 6-Item Gratitude Questionnaire
Bartholomew, E. J., Iqbal, N., & Medvedev, O. N. (2022) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-022-02006-2 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Surviving and thriving: Assessing quality of life and psychosocial interventions in mental health of head and neck cancer patients.
Lin, L.-Q., Lin, H., Zhou, R., Liu, B., Liu, K., & Jiang, R. (2024) · Asian Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.asjsur.2024.11.048 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Stress-related health depreciation: Using allostatic load to predict self-rated health
Barry, L. E., O’Neill, S., Heaney, L. G., & O’Neill, C. (2021) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114170 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
How do dispositional mindfulness and self-compassion alleviate loneliness? The mediating role of rejection sensitivity
Xie, Q., Manova, V., & Khoury, B. (2022) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-022-03549-2 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“, mental health, physical health, relational outcomes) across different populations (Carpenter et al., 2019; Creswell et al., 2019; Goldberg et al., 2021; Khoury et al., 2013; Quinn-Nilas, 2020).”
Background
Pre-Type 1 Diabetes in Adolescents and Teens: Screening, Nutritional Interventions, Beta-Cell Preservation, and Psychosocial Impacts
Sundheim, B., Hirani, K., Blaschke, M., Lemos, J. R. N., & Mittal, R. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm14020383 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“Lowered stress levels and improved overall well-being [56,143] Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is particularly effective in helping adolescents develop positive coping skills and reframe negative thought patterns associated with their health status (Table 4) [85,143–145].”
Influential
Effects of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on Peripheral Markers of Stress and Inflammation in Older-Adults With Depression and Anxiety: A Parallel Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Belliveau, C., Nagy, C., Escobar, S., Mechawar, N., Turecki, G., Rej, S., & Torres-Platas, S. G. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.804269 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Effects of two online positive psychology and meditation programs on persistent self-transcendence.
Martin, J. A., Ericson, M., Berwaldt, A., Stephens, E. D., & Briner, L. (2021) · Psychology of Consciousness Theory Research and Practice · doi:10.1037/cns0000286 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Mindfulness as Predictor of Itch Catastrophizing in Patients With Atopic Dermatitis: Results of a Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study
Lüßmann, K., Montgomery, K., Thompson, A., Gieler, U., Zick, C., Kupfer, J., & Schut, C. (2021) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.627611 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“Intervention studies have shown promising results for mindfulness interventions in patients living with long term health conditions and chronic pain (31, 32).”
Background
Stress reduction via neuro-emotional technique to achieve the simultaneous resolution of chronic low back pain with multiple inflammatory and biobehavioural indicators: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial
Bablis, P., Pollard, H. P., & Rosner, A. L. (2021) · Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.joim.2021.12.001 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Does Mindfulness Matter for Cognitive Reappraisal and Academic Engagement? A Cross-Lagged Panel Model Study in Filipino High School Students
Datu, J. A. D., Yang, W., & Lau, W. K. (2022) · The Journal of Early Adolescence · doi:10.1177/02724316221137951 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
The effect of mindfulness and motivational interviewing along with neuromuscular exercises on pain, function, and balance of women affected by knee osteoarthritis: a rater-blinded randomized controlled clinical trial
Chaharmahali, L., Gandomi, F., Yalfani, A., & Fazaeli, A. (2023) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09638288.2023.2228691 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“Therefore, controlling stress and catastrophizing pain in these patients probably increased their quality of life [46].”
Background
No time for that? An investigation of mindfulness and stress in first-year engineering design
Nolte, H., Huff, J., & McComb, C. (2022) · Design Science · doi:10.1017/dsj.2022.5 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“2017), lessened perceived pain (Creswell et al. 2019), improved attention (Zeidan et al.”
Background
The role of mindful acceptance and lucid dreaming in nightmare frequency and distress
Tzioridou, S., Dresler, M., Sandberg, K., & Mueller, E. M. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-19624-4 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Meditation Using a Mobile App Improves Surgery Trainee Performance: A Simulation‐Based Randomized Controlled Trial
Li, W., Meng, X., Zhang, K., Yang, Z., Feng, Z., Tong, K., & Tian, J. (2022) · Arthroscopy The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.arthro.2022.09.008 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
What We Took From Metaphors: A Case of Designing For Care After Abortion
Lusi, B., Vallgårda, A., Bewley, H., Mouritzen, H., & Ludden, G. (2024) · Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3679318.3685347 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“Meditation retreat applications can range from mobile-based interventions to broader treatment programs [12].”
Mindfulnes-Based Stress Reduction for Older Couples with Metabolic Syndrome: a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Monin, J. K., Sperduto, C. M., Manigault, A. W., Dutton, A., Clark, M. S., & Jastreboff, A. M. (2020) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-019-01301-9 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self‐criticism and self‐reassurance in individuals with recurrent depression: Effects of mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy and relationship to relapse
Schanche, E., Vøllestad, J., Visted, E., Svendsen, J. L., Binder, P., Osnes, B., Franer, P., & Sørensen, L. (2021) · Counselling and Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/capr.12381 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Association of yogic breathing with perceived stress and conception of strengths and difficulties in teenagers
Kanchibhotla, D., Subramanian, S., & Kaushik, B. (2021) · Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/1359104521994633 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“Several existing studies have delineated the health benefits of mindfulness based interventions for youth (Cillessen et al., 2019; Creswell et al., 2019; Rogers et al., 2017).”
Background
Mindful schools: Neuropsychological performance after the implementation of a mindfulness-based structured program in the school setting
Folch, A., Gasol, L., Heredia, L., Vicens, P., & Torrente, M. (2021) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-021-02572-z · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Adaptation and Validation of the Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale-Revised (CAMS-R) in People Living with HIV in Myanmar
Huang, F., Chen, W.-T., Shiu, C.-S., Lin, S. H., Tun, M. S., Nwe, T. W., Nu Oo, Y. T., & Oo, H. N. (2022) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-021-01784-5 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Leveraging generative AI for project management: The role of mindfulness and job crafting
Li, K., Zhang, F., Hughes, L., & Griffin, M. A. (2026) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2026.102816 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
A Self-Managed Online Mindfulness Program in a University-Wide Learning Management System Orientation Site: A Real-World Ecological Validation Study
Chung, J., Mundy, M. E., & McKenzie, S. P. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.869765 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Psychological mechanisms and neural correlates of trait mindfulness in emotion regulation: Testing a novel approach to the monitor and acceptance theory
Burić, I., Žderić, L., Onicas, A. I., Kolanović, M., & Collin, G. (2024) · International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100507 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“Second, when combined with acceptance, attention monitoring can foster emotion regulation and promote beneficial outcomes by modifying the relationship with experiences that are being observed (Lindsay & Creswell, 2019).”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
The relationship between neuroticism as a personality trait and mindfulness skills: a scoping review
Angarita‐Osorio, N., Escorihuela, R. M., & Cañete, T. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1401969 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“…and stress-related disease outcomes in different patient populations, suggesting that these benefits can come from increasing stress resilience pathways in the brain and regulating stress reactivity (hypothalamic pituitary adrenal and sympathetic adrenal medullary axis) (Creswell et al., 2019).”
Half a Century of Research for Mind–Body Interventions: A Scientometric Analysis
Sabé, M., Chen, C., Vancampfort, D., Firth, J., Smith, L., Stubbs, B., Rosenbaum, S., Schuch, F. B., Prada, P., Saccaro, L. F., et al. (2025) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-025-02592-x · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“Specifically, they are associated with a small to moderate reduction in various dimensions of psychological distress (Zhang et al., 2021) and stress-related disease (Creswell et al., 2019).”
Stress-system activation in children with chronic pain: A focus for clinical intervention
McInnis, P., Braund, T. A., Chua, Z. K., & Kozlowska, K. (2019) · Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/1359104519864994 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Mindfulness and self-compassion in dermatological conditions: a systematic narrative review
Meneo, D., Martoni, M., Giannandrea, A., Tengattini, V., & Baglioni, C. (2022) · Psychology and Health · doi:10.1080/08870446.2022.2070619 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“Nevertheless, they all share the intent of training one’s ability to mindfully attend to body sensation and emotional states, that is, in an open and non-judgmental way (Creswell, lindsay, Villalba, & Chin, 2019).”
BackgroundResult
BREATHE-T1D: Using iterative mixed methods to adapt a mindfulness-based intervention for adolescents with type 1 diabetes: Design and development
Lupini, F., Basch, M. C., Cooke, F., Vagadori, J., Gutierrez‐Colina, A. M., Kelly, K. P., Streisand, R. M., Shomaker, L. B., & Mackey, E. R. (2024) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2024.107551 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Digital mindfulness-based intervention for people with COPD – a multicentre pilot and feasibility RCT
Tschenett, H., Vafai-Tabrizi, F., Zwick, R. H., Valipour, A., Funk, G., & Nater, U. M. (2025) · Respiratory Research · doi:10.1186/s12931-025-03243-4 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“They are effective in reducing anxiety and depressive symptoms, self-reported stress [15], and biological stress markers [16], and in improving physical health outcomes in somatic conditions [17].”
Automatic adaptive emotion regulation is associated with lower emotion-related activation in the frontoparietal cortex and other cortical regions with multi-componential organization
Sugiura, M., Katayori, Y., Muratsubaki, T., Shiratori, M., Hanawa, S., Nejad, K. K., Tamura, D., Kawashima, R., & Fukudo, S. (2023) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1059158 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“, 2012) have had methodological issues in that meditation affects not only emotion regulation but also various physical and psychological measures (Lomas et al., 2017; Creswell et al., 2019) and is associated with preexisting functional differences in the brain (Mascaro et al.”
Background
Mindfulness interventions for offsetting health risk following early life stress: Promising directions
Lindsay, E. K. (2021) · Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health · doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100338 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“More recent RCTs show consistent effects of MBIs on upstream proinflammatory gene expression (Black et al., 2019) but not circulating inflammatory markers (Creswell et al., 2019).”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citation
Experiential Avoidance in Primary Care Providers: Psychometric Properties of the Brazilian “Acceptance and Action Questionnaire” (AAQ-II) and Its Criterion Validity on Mood Disorder-Related Psychological Distress
Berta-Otero, T., Barceló-Soler, A., Montero-Marin, J., Maloney, S., Pérez-Aranda, A., López-Montoyo, A., Salvo, V., Sussumu, M., García-Campayo, J., & Demarzo, M. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20010225 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“Past research has indicated that mindfulness skills are associated with several indicators of physical and psychological health [26,27].”
Background
Mindfulness Promotes Positive Health Behaviors by Enhancing Self-Regulation, Motivation, and Learning: Perspectives from Research and Clinical Care
Redwine, L. S., Schwartz, E. R., & Garland, E. L. (2022) · Journal of Integrative and Complementary Medicine · doi:10.1089/jicm.2022.0761 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“7 The mental capacity of mindfulness is cultivated through a range of practices, including mindful breathing and body scan meditations.”
Mindfulness, psychological distress, and somatic symptoms among women engaged in sex work in China
Tam, C. C., Zhou, Y., Qiao, S., Li, X., & Shen, Z. (2022) · Applied Psychology Health and Well-Being · doi:10.1111/aphw.12362 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Increased Interest for Mindfulness Online.
Misitzis, A. (2020) · PubMed Central · doi:10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_15_20 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Utilizing Mindfulness Based CBT to Address Anger and Aggression in Middle Schools
Clark, L. B. (2020) · Journal of Child and Adolescent Counseling · doi:10.1080/23727810.2020.1719351 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“A fair amount of research has linked mindfulness practice to certain areas of the brain, including executive functioning areas and areas that regulate feelings and behaviors (Creswell et al., 2019; Dunning et al., 2018; Meiklejohn et al., 2012).”
Background
Feasibility, Acceptability, and Efficacy of Mindfulness Training in People With Upper Motor Neuron Disorders: A Systematic Review
Korupolu, R., Malik, A., Ratcliff, C., Robinson-Whelen, S., & Taylor, H. B. (2022) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2022.05.020 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Bidirectional Alpha Power EEG Neurofeedback During a Focused Attention Meditation Practice in Novices
Soriano, J. R., de, E. B. M., Karaiskou, A.-Ι., Vuyst, H.-J. D., Rodriguez‐Larios, J., Feng, N., Varon, C., & Alaerts, K. (2024) · NeuroRegulation · doi:10.15540/nr.11.3.230 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
A cognitive neuroscience approach to understanding aggression and its treatment
Blair, J., Habel, U., Votinov, M., Wagels, L., & Denson, T. F. (2025) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106386 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Investigating the relationship between mindfulness, stress and creativity in introductory engineering design
Nolte, H., Zurita, N. F. S., Starkey, E. M., & McComb, C. (2023) · Design Science · doi:10.1017/dsj.2023.20 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“Originally, MBIs, like the prevalent Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction program (Kabat-Zinn 1982, 2003), were used to treat adults in clinical settings and have been found to improve many conditions, including chronic pain (Kabat-Zinn 1982; Creswell 2017; Creswell et al. 2019), anxiety (Creswell 2017) and depression (…”

How Does Mindfulness Training Affect Health? A Mindfulness Stress Buffering Account
Creswell, J. D., & Lindsay, E. K. (2014) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0963721414547415 · Cited by 543 · see citing works
Self-citation
RUNNING HEAD: Mindfulness Stress Buffering How Does Mindfulness Training Affect Health? A Mindfulness Stress Buffering Account
Creswell, J. D., & Lindsay, E. K. (2016)
Self-citation
Mindfulness and physical disease: a concise review
Greeson, J. M., & Chin, G. R. (2019) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2018.12.014 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Mindfulness-based stress reduction for long-term physical conditions: a systematic review.
Crowe, M., Jordan, J., Burrell, B., Jones, V., Gillon, D., & Harris, S. (2016) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0004867415607984 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Mindfulness
Gardhouse, K., & Segal, Z. V. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-097086-8.14148-0

Authors: Creswell, J. D., Lindsay, E. K., Villalba, D. K., & Chin, B.
Affiliations: University of Pittsburgh (US)
Corresponding author: Creswell, J. David
ORCID: Creswell, J. David
Lindsay, Emily K.
Villalba, Daniella K.
Chin, Brian
Venue: Psychosomatic Medicine
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2019-04
Volume: 81
Issue: 3
Pages: 224-232
ISSN: 0033-3174 (ISSN-L)
1534-7796
DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000675
PMC: PMC6613793
OpenAlex: W2913434882
Semantic Scholar: 8867cd2d818afb74ba3a269c72fa0e0653a68d13
Cited by: 252
References: 89
Citations by year: 2026: 30 · 2025: 49 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 46 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 8
FWCI: 4.12
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Psychosomatic Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (F32AT009508, R21AT008493, R01AT008685)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health, psychology, and well-being
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
Keywords: mindfulness training, mindfulness-based interventions, physical health, chronic pain, stress buffering, stress-related disorders, psoriasis, irritable bowel syndrome, post-traumatic stress disorder, diabetes mellitus, HIV, neuroimaging, biobehavioral mechanisms
MeSH terms: Health Status, Humans, Inflammation, Stress, Psychological, Health Behavior, Mindfulness

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