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Cited by 200Probiotics and Fermented FoodsDermatology and Skin DiseasesGut microbiota and health

Gut Microbiota, Probiotics, and Their Interactions in Prevention and Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis: A Review

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Fang, Zhifeng, Li, Lingzhi, Zhang, Hao, Zhao, Jianxin, Lu, Wenwei, Chen, Wei·2021·Frontiers in Immunology
DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2021.720393PMC PMC8317022
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Abstract

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a public health concern and is increasing in prevalence in urban areas. Recent advances in sequencing technology have demonstrated that the development of AD not only associate with the skin microbiome but gut microbiota. Gut microbiota plays an important role in allergic diseases including AD. The hypothesis of the “gut-skin” axis has been proposed and the cross-talk mechanism between them has been gradually demonstrated in the research. Probiotics contribute to the improvement of the intestinal environment, the balance of immune responses, regulation of metabolic activity. Most studies suggest that probiotic supplements may be an alternative for the prevention and treatment of AD. This study aimed to discuss the effects of probiotics on the clinical manifestation of AD based on gut microbial alterations. Here we reviewed the gut microbial alteration in patients with AD, the association between gut microbiota, epidermal barrier, and toll-like receptors, and the interaction of probiotics and gut microbiota. The potential mechanisms of probiotics on alleviating AD via upregulation of epidermal barrier and regulation of immune signaling had been discussed, and their possible effective substances on AD had been explored. This provides the supports for targeting gut microbiota to attenuate AD.

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  • Autoimmune illnesses, metabolic problems, and gastrointestinal issues are only some of the diseases and ailments that may be avoided by avoiding chronic inflammation.

    “Autoimmune illnesses, metabolic problems, and gastrointestinal issues are only some of the diseases and ailments that may be avoided by avoiding chronic inflammation (35, 36).”

    From Unveiling the therapeutic symphony of probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics in gut-immune harmony (2024) · cites this paper as [36]

    The Concluding Remarks say that probiotic-related changes may decrease inflammation and improve atopic dermatitis, supporting a narrower link between reduced inflammation and better health. The review does not say that avoiding chronic inflammation prevents autoimmune illnesses, metabolic problems, or gastrointestinal issues; its discussion of autoimmune arthritis and colitis in “Regulation of Gut Microbiota on Immune Responses in AD” concerns gut microbes and immune responses instead. (LLM, conf=0.76)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Postbiotics like short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and exopolysaccharides (EPS) can provide food for beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria, boosting their development and activity, increasing their dominance, diversity and stability of the microbiome.

    “Postbiotics like short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and exopolysaccharides (EPS) can provide food for beneficial bacteria.In the gut, such as Lactobacilli and Bifidobacterial.”

    From Unveiling the therapeutic symphony of probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics in gut-immune harmony (2024) · cites this paper as [36]

    Split into 2 atoms — 0 confirmed, 1 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 1 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.

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  • SCFAs might boost the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-10 (IL-10) and encourage the formation of regulatory T cells (Tregs), resulting in a more normal immune response, which decreases inflammation and protects against autoimmune diseases.

    “SCFAs, for instance, might boost the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-10 (IL-10) and encourage the formation of regulatory T cells (Tregs). This results in a more normal immune response, which in turn decreases inflammation and protects against autoimmune diseases.”

    From Unveiling the therapeutic symphony of probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics in gut-immune harmony (2024) · cites this paper as [36]

    In “The Potential Effective Substances of Probiotics to Attenuate AD” (page unavailable), the review says SCFAs regulate the intestinal Treg pool and reports that butyrate reduced allergic inflammation in mice. It attributes increased IL-10 production to D-tryptophan, not SCFAs, and discusses alleviation of atopic dermatitis rather than protection against autoimmune diseases. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Postbiotics can help the immune system learn to distinguish between innocuous and hazardous chemicals (immunological tolerance), preventing inappropriate immune responses to innocuous antigens and allergens by instructing the immune system and encouraging the growth of regulatory immune cells.

    “Postbiotics can help the immune system learn to distinguish between innocuous and hazardous chemicals, a process known as immunological tolerance. Postbiotics aid in preventing inappropriate immune responses to innocuous antigens and allergens by instructing the immune system and encouraging the growth of regulatory immune cells.”

    From Unveiling the therapeutic symphony of probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics in gut-immune harmony (2024) · cites this paper as [36]

    Split into 2 atoms — 0 confirmed, 2 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 0 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.

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  • Many postbiotics, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and peptidoglycans, have anti-inflammatory effects by regulating the activity of inflammatory immune cells and reducing the production of inflammatory cytokines, which is critical for protecting against chronic inflammation and keeping the gut in good working order.

    “Many postbiotics, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and peptidoglycans, have anti-inflammatory effects. They can regulate the activity of inflammatory immune cells and reduce the production of inflammatory cytokines. This anti-inflammatory impact is critical for protecting against chronic inflammation and keeping the gut in good working order.”

    From Unveiling the therapeutic symphony of probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics in gut-immune harmony (2024) · cites this paper as [36]

    Split into 2 atoms — 0 confirmed, 2 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 0 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Fang, Z., Li, L., Zhang, H., Zhao, J., Lu, W., & Chen, W.
Affiliations
Jiangnan University (CN)
Corresponding author
Lu, Wenwei
ORCID
Venue
Frontiers in Immunology
Publisher
Frontiers Media SA
Published
2021-07-14
Volume
12
Pages
720393-720393
ISSN
1664-3224 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3389/fimmu.2021.720393
PMC
PMC8317022
OpenAlex
W3184764714
Cited by
200
References
12
Citations by year
2026: 32 · 2025: 53 · 2024: 52 · 2023: 42 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 1
FWCI
2.61
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Frontiers in Immunology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (2021K018A, JUFSTR20180102, No.31820103010, 31820103010)
  • Government of Jiangsu Province (JUFSTR20180102)
  • Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (JUSRP51903B, JUFSTR20180102, 31820103010)
  • Collaborative Innovationcenter of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province (31820103010, JUFSTR20180102)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Dermatology and Skin Diseases
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
Keywords
atopic dermatitis, gut microbiota, probiotics, gut-skin axis, skin microbiome, skin barrier, Toll-like receptors, immune regulation, probiotic therapy, probiotic prevention
MeSH terms
Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Dermatitis, Atopic, Disease Susceptibility, Humans, Immunity, Phenotype, Signal Transduction, T-Lymphocyte Subsets, Disease Management, Probiotics, Biodiversity, Toll-Like Receptors, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Microbial Interactions, Immunomodulation, Symptom Assessment, Dysbiosis

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