Cited by 396Gastrointestinal motility and disordersGut microbiota and healthMicroscopic Colitis

Relationship between microbiota of the colonic mucosa vs feces and symptoms, colonic transit, and methane production in female patients with chronic constipation

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Parthasarathy, Gopanandan, Chen, Jun, Chen, Xianfeng, Chia, Nicholas, O'Connor, Helen M., Wolf, Patricia G., Gaskins, H. Rex, Bharucha, Adil E.·2016·Gastroenterology

Abstract

Background & aims In fecal samples from patients with chronic constipation, the microbiota differs from that of healthy subjects. However, the profiles of fecal microbiota only partially replicate those of the mucosal microbiota. It is not clear whether these differences are caused by variations in diet or colonic transit, or are associated with methane production (measured by breath tests). We compared the colonic mucosal and fecal microbiota in patients with chronic constipation and in healthy subjects to investigate the relationships between microbiota and other parameters.Methods Sigmoid colonic mucosal and fecal microbiota samples were collected from 25 healthy women (controls) and 25 women with chronic constipation and evaluated by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing (average, 49,186 reads/sample). We assessed associations between microbiota (overall composition and operational taxonomic units) and demographic variables, diet, constipation status, colonic transit, and methane production (measured in breath samples after oral lactulose intake).Results Fourteen patients with chronic constipation had slow colonic transit. The profile of the colonic mucosal microbiota differed between constipated patients and controls (P < .05). The overall composition of the colonic mucosal microbiota was associated with constipation, independent of colonic transit (P < .05), and discriminated between patients with constipation and controls with 94% accuracy. Genera from Bacteroidetes were more abundant in the colonic mucosal microbiota of patients with constipation. The profile of the fecal microbiota was associated with colonic transit before adjusting for constipation, age, body mass index, and diet; genera from Firmicutes (Faecalibacterium, Lactococcus, and Roseburia) correlated with faster colonic transit. Methane production was associated with the composition of the fecal microbiota, but not with constipation or colonic transit.Conclusions After adjusting for diet and colonic transit, the profile of the microbiota in the colonic mucosa could discriminate patients with constipation from healthy individuals. The profile of the fecal microbiota was associated with colonic transit and methane production (measured in breath), but not constipation.

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  • Among adults with chronic constipation, the overall makeup of colonic mucosa-associated microbiota separated patients from controls regardless of transit time.

    “In a study of adults with chronic constipation, overall composition of the colonic mucosa-associated microbiota could discriminate patients with constipation from control subjects independent of transit time157.”
  • Altered mucosal and fecal microbiota have been linked to chronic constipation in the evidence.

    “There is evidence supporting an association between the altered mucosal and fecal microbiota and chronic constipation156, 157.”
  • Metabolites of various gut microbiota, especially bacteria attached to the intestinal mucosa, cause intestinal smooth muscle contraction.

    “The other explanation is that the ref lexivity of metabolites of various gut microbiota (especially the bacteria attached to the intestinal mucosa) causes intestinal smooth muscle contraction [14,17].”
  • The gut microbiota can regulate the expression of genes involved in intestinal peristalsis.

    “One explanation suggests that the gut microbiota can regulate the expression of genes involved in intestinal peristalsis.”
  • When SCFA concentration surpasses a certain threshold, SCFAs stimulate electrolyte absorption, inhibit mucin secretion, and lead to the occurrence and development of constipation.

    “When the concentration of SCFAs surpasses a certain threshold, they can stimulate electrolyte absorption, inhibit the secretion of mucin, and lead to the occurrence and development of constipation;”

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  1. Longstreth GF, Thompson WG, Chey WD, et al. Func- tional bowel disorders. Gastroenterology 2006;130: 1480-1491.

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Authors
Parthasarathy, G., Chen, J., Chen, X., Chia, N., O'Connor, H. M., Wolf, P. G., Gaskins, H. R., & Bharucha, A. E.
Affiliations
  • Mayo Clinic (US)
  • University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
Corresponding author
Bharucha, Adil E.
Venue
Gastroenterology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2016-02
Volume
150
Issue
2
Pages
367-379.e1
ISSN
0016-5085 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1915385926
Cited by
396
References
66
Citations by year
2026: 22 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 51 · 2023: 52 · 2022: 60 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 44 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 1
FWCI
17.64
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Gastroenterology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
  • National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000135, TR000135)
  • National Cancer Institute (R01CA179243)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01 DK78924, R01DK078924, P30DK084567)
  • National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (TR000135)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Microscopic Colitis
Keywords
chronic constipation, fecal microbiota, colonic transit, methane production, breath test, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Faecalibacterium, Roseburia, Lactococcus, women, 16S rRNA gene sequencing
MeSH terms
Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Adult, Algorithms, Bacteria, Breath Tests, Chronic Disease, Colon, Constipation, Feces, Female, Gastrointestinal Transit, Humans, Intestinal Mucosa, Methane, Middle Aged, Phylogeny, Multivariate Analysis, Case-Control Studies, Nonlinear Dynamics, Ribotyping

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