The microbiome and gut endocannabinoid system in the regulation of stress responses and metabolism

An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest

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A metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes

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Metabolic Endotoxemia Initiates Obesity and Insulin Resistance

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Obesity alters gut microbial ecology

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How do you feel? Interoception: The sense of the physiological condition of the body

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Gut flora metabolism of phosphatidylcholine promotes cardiovascular disease

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Molecular characterization of a peripheral receptor for cannabinoids

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Structure of a cannabinoid receptor and functional expression of the cloned cDNA

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Changes in gut microbiota control metabolic endotoxemia-induced inflammation in high-fat diet-induced obesity and diabetes in mice

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Cross-talk between <i>Akkermansia muciniphila</i> and intestinal epithelium controls diet-induced obesity

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Ingestion of <i>Lactobacillus</i> strain regulates emotional behavior and central GABA receptor expression in a mouse via the vagus nerve

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Indigenous bacteria from the gut microbiota regulate host serotonin biosynthesis

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Normal gut microbiota modulates brain development and behavior

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The Role of Short-Chain Fatty Acids From Gut Microbiota in Gut-Brain Communication

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Diet-Induced Obesity Is Linked to Marked but Reversible Alterations in the Mouse Distal Gut Microbiome

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Transfer of intestinal microbiota from lean donors increases insulin sensitivity in individuals with metabolic syndrome

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Postnatal microbial colonization programs the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal system for stress response in mice

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Metabolomics analysis reveals large effects of gut microflora on mammalian blood metabolites

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Short-chain fatty acids in control of body weight and insulin sensitivity

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Epidemiology of women and depression

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The Intestinal Microbiota Affect Central Levels of Brain-Derived Neurotropic Factor and Behavior in Mice

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Gut feelings: the emerging biology of gut-brain communication

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The orphan receptor GPR55 is a novel cannabinoid receptor

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Identification and Functional Characterization of Brainstem Cannabinoid CB₂Receptors

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Impact of the gut microbiota on inflammation, obesity, and metabolic disease

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The vagus nerve at the interface of the microbiota-gut-brain axis

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Reduced anxiety-like behavior and central neurochemical change in germ-free mice: Behavior in germ-free mice

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Assessment of psychotropic-like properties of a probiotic formulation ( <i>Lactobacillus helveticus</i> R0052 and <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> R0175) in rats and human subjects

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Host-Mediated Inflammation Disrupts the Intestinal Microbiota and Promotes the Overgrowth of Enterobacteriaceae

Lupp, C., Robertson, M. L., Wickham, M. E., Sekirov, I., Champion, O. L., Gaynor, E. C., & Finlay, B. B. (2007) · Cell Host & Microbe · doi:10.1016/j.chom.2007.06.010 · Cited by 1,310 · see citing works

Short-Chain Fatty Acids Protect Against High-Fat Diet–Induced Obesity via a PPARγ-Dependent Switch From Lipogenesis to Fat Oxidation

den Besten, G., Bleeker, A., Gerding, A., van Eunen, K., Havinga, R., van Dijk, T. H., Oosterveer, M. H., Jonker, J. W., Groen, A. K., Reijngoud, D.-J., et al. (2015) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db14-1213 · Cited by 1,125 · see citing works

Exposure to a social stressor alters the structure of the intestinal microbiota: Implications for stressor-induced immunomodulation

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Systematic review of the comorbidity of irritable bowel syndrome with other disorders: What are the causes and implications?

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Cannabidiol is a negative allosteric modulator of the cannabinoid CB ₁ receptor

Laprairie, R. B., Bagher, A. M., Kelly, M. E. M., & Denovan‐Wright, E. M. (2015) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/bph.13250 · Cited by 1,039 · see citing works

Improvement of insulin sensitivity after lean donor feces in metabolic syndrome is driven by baseline intestinal microbiota composition

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The anxiolytic effect of Bifidobacterium longum NCC3001 involves vagal pathways for gut-brain communication

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Effects of the probiotic Bifidobacterium infantis in the maternal separation model of depression

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Targeting the microbiota-gut-brain axis: prebiotics have anxiolytic and antidepressant-like effects and reverse the impact of chronic stress in mice

Burokas, A., Arboleya, S., Moloney, R. D., Peterson, V. L., Murphy, K., Clarke, G., Stanton, C., Dinan, T. G., & Cryan, J. F. (2017) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.12.031 · Cited by 952 · see citing works

Propensity to high-fat diet-induced obesity in rats is associated with changes in the gut microbiota and gut inflammation

de La Serre, C. B., Ellis, C. L., Lee, J., Hartman, A. L., Rutledge, J. C., & Raybould, H. E. (2010) · American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00098.2010 · Cited by 949 · see citing works

Efficacy and safety of the farnesoid X receptor agonist obeticholic acid in patients with type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Mudaliar, S., Henry, R. R., Sanyal, A. J., Morrow, L., Marschall, H., Kipnes, M., Adorini, L., Sciacca, C. I., Clopton, P., Castelloe, E., et al. (2013) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2013.05.042 · Cited by 931 · see citing works

Enterochromaffin cells are gut chemosensors that couple to sensory neural pathways

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Microbially Produced Imidazole Propionate Impairs Insulin Signaling through mTORC1

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Lactobacillus acidophilus modulates intestinal pain and induces opioid and cannabinoid receptors

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Inter-kingdom signalling: Communication between bacteria and their hosts

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A Neural Circuit for Gut-Induced Reward

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Glucose Sensing in L Cells: A Primary Cell Study

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Gastric microbial community profiling reveals a dysbiotic cancer-associated microbiota

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An anorexic lipid mediator regulated by feeding

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Gut Microbiota as a Trigger for Metabolic Inflammation in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes

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The endocannabinoid system links gut microbiota to adipogenesis

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High-fat diet alters gut microbiota physiology in mice

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Neurobiological Interactions Between Stress and the Endocannabinoid System

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Deorphanization of a G protein-coupled receptor for oleoylethanolamide and its use in the discovery of small-molecule hypophagic agents

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The QseC sensor kinase: A bacterial adrenergic receptor

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Endocannabinoids Mediate Neuron-Astrocyte Communication

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Mitochondrial CB1 receptors regulate neuronal energy metabolism

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Neuroimmune mechanisms of depression

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Absence of the gut microbiota enhances anxiety-like behavior and neuroendocrine response to acute stress in rats

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The Endocannabinoid System in Energy Homeostasis and the Etiopathology of Metabolic Disorders

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Interactions between Gut Microbiota, Host Genetics and Diet Modulate the Predisposition to Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome

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Acute Cannabinoids Impair Working Memory through Astroglial CB1 Receptor Modulation of Hippocampal LTD

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The endocannabinoid system in guarding against fear, anxiety and stress

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Host-Mediated Inflammation Disrupts the Intestinal Microbiota and Promotes the Overgrowth of Enterobacteriaceae

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Genetic identification of vagal sensory neurons that control feeding

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Transmission of Atherosclerosis Susceptibility with Gut Microbial Transplantation

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New approaches and challenges to targeting the endocannabinoid system

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A Gnotobiotic Mouse Model Demonstrates That Dietary Fiber Protects against Colorectal Tumorigenesis in a Microbiota- and Butyrate-Dependent Manner

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Probiotic treatment of rat pups normalises corticosterone release and ameliorates colonic dysfunction induced by maternal separation

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Aberrant intestinal microbiota in individuals with prediabetes

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The endogenous cannabinoid system protects against colonic inflammation

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Hepatic CB1 receptor is required for development of diet-induced steatosis, dyslipidemia, and insulin and leptin resistance in mice

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Activation in vagal afferents and central autonomic pathways: Early responses to intestinal infection with Campylobacter jejuni

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Microbial modulation of cardiovascular disease

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Maternal prenatal stress is associated with the infant intestinal microbiota

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The Endocannabinoid System and its Modulation by Phytocannabinoids

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Absence of intestinal microbiota does not protect mice from diet-induced obesity

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Role of the gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes and related diseases

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Maternal separation as a model of brain-gut axis dysfunction

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GPR119 Is Essential for Oleoylethanolamide-Induced Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Secretion From the Intestinal Enteroendocrine L-Cell

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Exposure to a social stressor disrupts the community structure of the colonic mucosa-associated microbiota

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Cross sectional evaluation of the gut-microbiome metabolome axis in an Italian cohort of IBD patients

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The atypical cannabinoid O-1602 protects against experimental colitis and inhibits neutrophil recruitment

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Signalling cognition: The gut microbiota and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis

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Influence of Bariatric Surgery on Gut Microbiota Composition and Its Implication on Brain and Peripheral Targets

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Metabolic Endotoxemia: From the Gut to Neurodegeneration

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Biomolecular Actions by Intestinal Endotoxemia in Metabolic Syndrome

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Mechanisms and key mediators of gut microbiota and type 2 diabetes mellitus: A comprehensive overview

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Impact of cannabinoids on cancer outcomes in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy

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Buds and Bugs: A Fascinating Tale of Gut Microbiota and Cannabis in the Fight against Cancer

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Cannabis use in the United States and its impact on gastrointestinal health

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Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strengthens the intestinal barrier: involvement of the endocannabinoidome

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Emerging mechanisms of organ crosstalk: The role of oxylipins

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Gut bacteria, endocannabinoid system, and marijuana addiction: Novel therapeutic implications

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A Holistic Review of Cannabis and Its Potential Risks and Benefits in Mental Health

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The dual roles of natural cannabidiol in combating oxidative stress and inflammation: A potential intestinal guardian

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The Bidirectional Interplay Between Substances of Abuse and Gut Microbiome Homeostasis

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The Leaky Gut and Human Diseases: “Can’t Fill the Cup if You Don’t Plug the Holes First”

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Targeting the Endocannabinoidome: A Novel Approach to Managing Extraintestinal Complications in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

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Supporting gut health with medicinal cannabis in people with advanced cancer: potential benefits and challenges

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Endogenous Cannabinoids in Crohn’s Disease

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From alpha diversity to zeitgebers: Functional implications and potential mechanisms linking the gut microbiome to sleep and circadian disruption (Part II)

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Bridging reward and resilience: the endocannabinoid system as a unifying mechanism in exercise-induced protection against major depressive disorder

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Parental Social Isolation during Adolescence Alters Gut Microbiome in Rat Male Offspring

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Neuro-Gastro-Cannabinology: A Novel Paradigm for Regulating Mood and Digestive Health

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Pharmacological potential of endocannabinoid and endocannabinoid-like compounds in protecting intestinal structure and metabolism under high-fat conditions

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Spaceflight exposome/microgravity effects on the psychoimmunoneuroendocrine system

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Got the Munchies for an Egg Sandwich? The Effects of Cannabis on Bowel Motility and Beyond

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Distinct gut microbial species, but not phylum-to-genus composition, associate with insulin resistance: a unique perspective from the Kazakh population

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Hemp Extract (Extractum Cannabis) in the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Distress and Dyspepsia: Historical Insights from Barcelona, Spain

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Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175 Supplementation: An Exploratory, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Endocannabinoid and Inflammatory Responses in Female Dancers

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Cannabis use, microbial diversity and Dialister abundance in older adults with HIV : A cross‐sectional study

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Integrated metabolomics and metagenomics analysis identifies a unique signature characterizing metabolic syndrome

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Microbiota and its therapeutic implications in reproductive health and diseases

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Therapeutic Use of Cannabinoids in Critically Ill Patients: A Survey of Intensive Care Physicians in Germany

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Microbiome variations induced by delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol predict weight reduction in obese mice

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Gut-Brain Axis

Mohammadi, T., & Mohebalizadeh, M. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-80962-1_373-1

Conclusion

Leweke, F. M., & Rohleder, C. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-19081-0.00020-2

Anandamide: From modulation of neuronal excitation to antimicrobial activities—What is in common?

Sionov, R. V., & Steinberg, D. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-19081-0.00017-2

The Endocannabinoid System: The Most Important System You Never Learned in School

Sera, L., & Hempel‐Sanderoff, C. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-80352-9_1

Role of gut microbiota in neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders

Mishra, T., Rahi, V., Kamble, A. L., & Kaundal, R. K. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-21680-0.00014-6

Cannabinoides y su nanoencapsulamiento para mejorar sus propiedades terapéuticas en padecimientos intestinales

Noriega, K. A. C., Domínguez, A. S., Tovar, L. E. R., Guillén‐Meléndez, G. A., Hernández-Vidal, G., & Castillo-Velázquez, U. (2024) · doi:10.29105/agricolis.v1i2.12

Gut-Brain Axis

Mohammadi, T., & Mohebalizadeh, M. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-00759-9_373

Cannabis Oil and Exploratory Gut–Immune Signatures During Breast Cancer Chemotherapy: A Randomized Pilot Trial

Thu, M. S., Ondee, T., Campbell, B. J., Fothergill, J. L., Vongsaisuwon, M., Vinayanuwattikun, C., Banchuen, K., Payungporn, S., Phutrakool, P., Nootim, P., et al. (2026) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines14061367

Gut Microbiota in Liver Diseases

Pastok, P., Dys, J., Fliger, C., Pietryga, T., Dobrowolska, A., & Zawada, A. E. (2025) · Tropical Gastroenterology · doi:10.4103/tg.tg_6_25

The Relationship Between (Endo)cannabinoids, the Microbiome and Melanoma

Javid, F. A., Golčić, M., Harej, A., & Belančić, A. (2026) · Pharmacology Research & Perspectives · doi:10.1002/prp2.70304

Effect of alcohol and smoking on methamphetamine users’ oral microbiome and metabolome

Tandon, A., Bais, A. K., Shrinet, J., Tripathi, V., & Gupta, D. (2026) · The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse · doi:10.1080/00952990.2026.2697752

The endocannabinoidome–microbiota axis in obesity: a potential link to colorectal cancer development

Alpino, G. D. C. Á., Brasiel, P. G. D. A., Almeida, M. M., & Luquetti, S. C. P. D. (2026) · Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1007/s13105-026-01225-8

Cannabigerol at the Interface of the Gut Microbiota and EndoCannabinoidome: Mechanistic Insights into Inflammation and Pain Modulation

Castañeda‐Ruelas, G. M., Grijalva-Contreras, L. E., & Quiñonez‐Bastidas, G. N. (2026) · Medical Sciences · doi:10.3390/medsci14050560

Prenatal THC Exposure Differentially Alters Gut Physiology and Microbiota in Stress-Resilient and Vulnerable Mice

Mari, M., Rahimi, O., Junior, R. D. A. A., Rocha, B. G. S., Bagaev, A., Sur, D., Begmatova, D., Zemliana, N. A., Boiangiu, A. A., Thanos, P. K., et al. (2026) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph19091463

Environmental enrichment preserves intestinal endocannabinoid signaling under LPS-inflammatory conditions

Rigillo, G., Benatti, C., Rivi, V., Ciani, M., Martusciello, I., Imbeni, F., Blom, J. M. C., Pani, L., Alboni, S., & Tascedda, F. (2026) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2026.179441

Microbiome‐Endocannabinoidome Crosstalk as an Immunometabolic Rheostat in Inflammatory Disease

Maghembe, R. S., Damian, D., Bahati, S. Y., & Makaranga, A. (2026) · FASEB BioAdvances · doi:10.1096/fba.2026-00201

Endocannabinoids–at the crossroads between the gut microbiota and host metabolism

Cani, P. D., Plovier, H., Van Hul, M., Geurts, L., Delzenne, N. M., Druart, C., & Everard, A. (2016) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/nrendo.2015.211 · Cited by 367 · see citing works

The Endocannabinoid System, Stress, and Mental Health

O’Brien, K., & Blair, P. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-78559-8_3 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Modulating stress responses via the microbiota-gut-brain axis: a pathway-focused review of GABA, 5-HT, and kynurenine metabolites

Zhao, X., Xiao, S., Ma, X., Qi, Y., Liu, Z., Xu, X., Chang, C., Wu, J., Gong, Z., Shao, B., et al. (2026) · Food Research International · doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2026.119908

Gut Microbiome and Mental Stress-Related Disorders: The Interplay of Classic and Microbial Endocrinology

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Cannabinoid receptor-mediated modulation of the gut-brain axis under chronic stress: Neuroinflammatory mechanisms, microbial metabolites, and sexual dimorphism

Neves, L. B. M., Daniel Domingues, S., Jr., Baldessarini, B. L., Laino, P. H., & Lima, B. C. (2026) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2026.111860 · Cited by 1 · see citing works