The Intestinal Microbiota in Metabolic Disease

Woting, Anni; Blaut, Michael

doi:10.3390/nu8040202

Cited by 284Gut microbiota and healthMicrobial Metabolites in Food BiotechnologyAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases

The Intestinal Microbiota in Metabolic Disease

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Woting, Anni, Blaut, Michael·2016·Nutrients

DOI 10.3390/nu8040202PMC PMC4848671

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Abstract

Gut bacteria exert beneficial and harmful effects in metabolic diseases as deduced from the comparison of germfree and conventional mice and from fecal transplantation studies. Compositional microbial changes in diseased subjects have been linked to adiposity, type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia. Promotion of an increased expression of intestinal nutrient transporters or a modified lipid and bile acid metabolism by the intestinal microbiota could result in an increased nutrient absorption by the host. The degradation of dietary fiber and the subsequent fermentation of monosaccharides to short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) is one of the most controversially discussed mechanisms of how gut bacteria impact host physiology. Fibers reduce the energy density of the diet, and the resulting SCFA promote intestinal gluconeogenesis, incretin formation and subsequently satiety. However, SCFA also deliver energy to the host and support liponeogenesis. Thus far, there is little knowledge on bacterial species that promote or prevent metabolic disease. Clostridium ramosum and Enterococcus cloacae were demonstrated to promote obesity in gnotobiotic mouse models, whereas bifidobacteria and Akkermansia muciniphila were associated with favorable phenotypes in conventional mice, especially when oligofructose was fed. How diet modulates the gut microbiota towards a beneficial or harmful composition needs further research. Gnotobiotic animals are a valuable tool to elucidate mechanisms underlying diet–host–microbe interactions.

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Various Clostridium cluster species are associated with inflammatory bowel syndrome, metabolic disorders, and psychiatric conditions.
“However, various Clostridium cluster species have been shown to be associated with inflammatory bowel syndrome (Bassotti et al., 2018), metabolic disorders (Woting and Blaut, 2016) and psychiatric conditions (Li et al., 2017b).”
From The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis (2019) · cites this paper as Woting and Blaut, 2016
It is logical to hypothesize a similar role of gut microbes in dysmetabolism associated with eating disorders.
“The molecular mechanisms by which dysbiosis induces metabolic dysfunctions are well-documented [28] and it is logical to hypothesize a similar role of gut microbes in dysmetabolism associated with eating disorders.”
From Are the gut bacteria telling us to eat or not to eat? reviewing the role of gut microbiota in the etiology, disease progression and treatment of eating disorders (2017) · cites this paper as [28]

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Authors: Woting, A., & Blaut, M.
Affiliations: German Institute of Human Nutrition (DE)
Department of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
Corresponding author: Woting, Anni
Venue: Nutrients
Publisher: MDPI AG
Published: 2016-04-06
Volume: 8
Issue: 4
Pages: 202
ISSN: 2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3390/nu8040202
PMC: PMC4848671
OpenAlex: W2321626140
Cited by: 284
References: 121
Citations by year: 2026: 14 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 35 · 2016: 12
FWCI: 2.81
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Informationszentrum Lebenswissenschaften (ZB MED) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
publish.UP (University of Potsdam) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders: Leibniz-Gemeinschaft
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
Keywords: gut microbiota, metabolic disorders, obesity, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, short-chain fatty acids, dietary fiber fermentation, bile acid metabolism, Akkermansia muciniphila, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium ramosum, fructooligosaccharides, gnotobiotic mice, germ-free mice, fecal microbiota transplantation
MeSH terms: Animals, Bacteria, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Fatty Acids, Volatile, Humans, Intestines, Adiposity, Dyslipidemias

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The Intestinal Microbiota in Metabolic Disease

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