Cited by 371Attention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderCognitive Abilities and TestingDevelopmental and Educational Neuropsychology

Working memory deficits can be overcome: Impacts of training and medication on working memory in children with ADHD

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Holmes, Joni, Gathercole, Susan E., Place, Maurice, Dunning, Darren L., Hilton, Kerry A., Elliott, Julian G.·2010·Applied Cognitive Psychology

Abstract

This study evaluated the impact of two interventions—a training program and stimulant medication—on working memory (WM) function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Twenty‐five children aged between 8 and 11 years participated in training that taxed WM skills to the limit for a minimum of 20 days, and completed other assessments of WM and IQ before and after training, and with and without prescribed drug treatment. While medication significantly improved visuo‐spatial memory performance, training led to substantial gains in all components of WM across untrained tasks. Training gains associated with the central executive persisted over a 6‐month period. IQ scores were unaffected by either intervention. These findings indicate that the WM impairments in children with ADHD can be differentially ameliorated by training and by stimulant medication. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Crossref · 10.1002/acp.1589

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Authors
Holmes, J., Gathercole, S. E., Place, M., Dunning, D. L., Hilton, K. A., & Elliott, J. G.
Affiliations
  • Northumbria University (GB)
  • University of York (GB)
  • Durham University (GB)
Corresponding author
Holmes, Joni
Venue
Applied Cognitive Psychology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2009-06-22
Volume
24
Issue
6
Pages
827-836
ISSN
  • 0888-4080 (ISSN-L)
  • 1099-0720
OpenAlex
W2134991632
Cited by
370
References
27
Citations by year
2026: 16 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 34 · 2015: 35 · 2014: 44 · 2013: 33 · 2012: 38
FWCI
13.40
Type
journal article
Language
en
Locations
  • Applied Cognitive Psychology (publishedVersion)
  • Durham Research Online (Durham University) (acceptedVersion)
  • Durham Research Online (Durham University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Northumbria Research Link (Northumbria University) (submittedVersion)
  • UEA Digital Repository (University of East Anglia) (submittedVersion)
Funders
British Academy
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
Keywords
working memory, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, children, cognitive training, stimulant medication, visuospatial memory, central executive, transfer of training, IQ

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