Measures of impulsivity in cigarette smokers and non-smokers

Mitchell, S. H.

doi:10.1007/pl00005491

Cited by 911Smoking Behavior and CessationDecision-Making and Behavioral EconomicsSubstance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes

Measures of impulsivity in cigarette smokers and non-smokers

Mitchell, S. H.·1999·Psychopharmacology

DOI 10.1007/pl00005491

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Abstract

Rationale Drug users are thought to be more "impulsive" than non-users.Objectives This study examined whether regular smokers are more impulsive than never smokers using personality and behavioral measures of impulsivity.Methods Twenty regular smokers (>/=15 cigarettes/day) and 20 never smokers were recruited. Participants completed five personality questionnaires to assess impulsivity: Adjective Checklist, Barratt's Impulsivity Scale, the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire, Eysenck's Personality Questionnaire, and the Sensation-Seeking Scale. Participants also performed three behavioral choice tasks designed to assess impulsivity. In the delay task, participants chose between small, immediate and large, delayed monetary rewards. Impulsivity was defined as a relative preference for the small, immediate alternative. In the probability task, participants chose between small, certain and large, uncertain monetary rewards. Impulsivity was defined as a relative preference for the large but more risky alternative. In the work task, participants chose between small monetary rewards obtained by performing a negligible amount of work and a larger amount of money requiring more work. Impulsivity was defined as a relative preference for the smaller, easier alternative.Results On the personality questionnaires, smokers had statistically higher impulsivity scores on most scales. On the behavioral choice tasks, smokers chose small, immediate money over large, delayed money more frequently, signifying greater levels of impulsivity. There were no differences between the groups' choices on the other tasks. Correlations between questionnaire and task data were small, as were correlations between data from each task.Conclusions Together, these results indicate that the smokers were more impulsive than never smokers.

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Authors: Mitchell, S. H.
Affiliations: University of New Hampshire (US)
Corresponding author: Mitchell, S. H.
ORCID: Mitchell, S. H.
Venue: Psychopharmacology
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 1999-10-21
Volume: 146
Issue: 4
Pages: 455-464
ISSN: 0033-3158 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1007/pl00005491
OpenAlex: W2005412227
Cited by: 911
References: 40
Citations by year: 2026: 14 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 46 · 2016: 40 · 2015: 46 · 2014: 52 · 2013: 64 · 2012: 71
FWCI: 6.80
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Psychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (1r15hl058225-01)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI 058225)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Keywords: impulsivity, cigarette smokers, never smokers, personality traits, delay discounting, risk-taking, work effort, sensation seeking, Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, Adjective Checklist
MeSH terms: Adult, Female, Humans, Impulsive Behavior, Male, Personality Tests, Smoking, Substance-Related Disorders

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Measures of impulsivity in cigarette smokers and non-smokers

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