Organokines in disease

Positional cloning of the mouse obese gene and its human homologue

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Inflammation and metabolic disorders

Hotamisligil, G. S. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05485 · Cited by 9,199

Leptin and the regulation of body weight in mammals

Friedman, J. M., & Halaas, J. L. (1998) · Nature · doi:10.1038/27376 · Cited by 5,405

The fat-derived hormone adiponectin reverses insulin resistance associated with both lipoatrophy and obesity

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Paradoxical Decrease of an Adipose-Specific Protein, Adiponectin, in Obesity

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A PGC1-α-dependent myokine that drives brown-fat-like development of white fat and thermogenesis

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Inflammation and insulin resistance

Shoelson, S. E. (2006) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci29069 · Cited by 4,769

Adipokines in inflammation and metabolic disease

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Adiponectin stimulates glucose utilization and fatty-acid oxidation by activating AMP-activated protein kinase

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Exercise as medicine - evidence for prescribing exercise as therapy in 26 different chronic diseases

Pedersen, B. K., & Saltin, B. (2015) · Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports · doi:10.1111/sms.12581 · Cited by 3,514

A Novel Serum Protein Similar to C1q, Produced Exclusively in Adipocytes

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Cloning of adiponectin receptors that mediate antidiabetic metabolic effects

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The anti-inflammatory effect of exercise

Petersen, A. M. W., & Pedersen, B. K. (2005) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00164.2004 · Cited by 3,100

Skeletal muscle mass and distribution in 468 men and women aged 18–88 yr

Janssen, I., Heymsfield, S. B., Wang, Z., & Ross, R. (2000) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.2000.89.1.81 · Cited by 3,087

Adiponectin and adiponectin receptors in insulin resistance, diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome

Kadowaki, T. (2006) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci29126 · Cited by 2,824

Adipose tissue, adipokines, and inflammation

Fantuzzi, G. (2005) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2005.02.023 · Cited by 2,606

The adipocyte-secreted protein Acrp30 enhances hepatic insulin action

Berg, A. H., Combs, T. P., Du, X., Brownlee, M., & Scherer, P. E. (2001) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/90992 · Cited by 2,526

Abnormal splicing of the leptin receptor in diabetic mice

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Dysfunction of Mitochondria in Human Skeletal Muscle in Type 2 Diabetes

Kelley, D. E., He, J., Menshikova, E. V., & Ritov, V. B. (2002) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.51.10.2944 · Cited by 2,321

Fibrosis stage is the strongest predictor for disease‐specific mortality in NAFLD after up to 33 years of follow‐up

Ekstedt, M., Hagström, H., Nasr, P., Fredrikson, M., Stål, P., Kechagias, S., & Hultcrantz, R. (2015) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.27368 · Cited by 2,287

Exercise builds brain health: key roles of growth factor cascades and inflammation

Cotman, C. W., Berchtold, N. C., & Christie, L.-A. (2007) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2007.06.011 · Cited by 2,268

Novel Modulator for Endothelial Adhesion Molecules

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FGF-21 as a novel metabolic regulator

Kharitonenkov, A., Shiyanova, T. L., Koester, A., Ford, A. M., Micanovic, R., Galbreath, E. J., Sandusky, G. E., Hammond, L. J., Moyers, J. S., Owens, R. A., et al. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci23606 · Cited by 2,125

Skeletal Muscle Insulin Resistance Is the Primary Defect in Type 2 Diabetes

DeFronzo, R. A., & Tripathy, D. (2009) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc09-s302 · Cited by 2,102

Proteolytic cleavage product of 30-kDa adipocyte complement-related protein increases fatty acid oxidation in muscle and causes weight loss in mice

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Effects of Recombinant Leptin Therapy in a Child with Congenital Leptin Deficiency

Farooqi, I. S., Jebb, S. A., Langmack, G., Lawrence, E., Cheetham, C. H., Prentice, A. M., Hughes, I. A., McCamish, M. A., & O'Rahilly, S. (1999) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199909163411204 · Cited by 1,998

Plasma Adiponectin Levels and Risk of Myocardial Infarction in Men

Pischon, T. (2004) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.291.14.1730 · Cited by 1,782

Adiponectin, an Adipocyte-Derived Plasma Protein, Inhibits Endothelial NF-κB Signaling Through a cAMP-Dependent Pathway

Ouchi, N., Kihara, S., Arita, Y., Okamoto, Y., Maeda, K., Kuriyama, H., Hotta, K., Nishida, M., Takahashi, M., Muraguchi, M., et al. (2000) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.102.11.1296 · Cited by 1,730

IL-6 is an antiinflammatory cytokine required for controlling local or systemic acute inflammatory responses.

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Liver Failure and Defective Hepatocyte Regeneration in Interleukin-6-Deficient Mice

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Hepatic Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Is Regulated by PPARα and Is a Key Mediator of Hepatic Lipid Metabolism in Ketotic States

Badman, M. K., Pissios, P., Kennedy, A. R., Koukos, G., Flier, J. S., & Maratos-Flier, E. (2007) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2007.05.002 · Cited by 1,495

Inflammatory Cytokines and the Risk to Develop Type 2 Diabetes

Spranger, J., Kroke, A., Möhlig, M., Hoffmann, K., Bergmann, M. M., Ristow, M., Boeing, H., & Pfeiffer, A. F. H. (2003) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.52.3.812 · Cited by 1,493

FGF21 regulates PGC-1α and browning of white adipose tissues in adaptive thermogenesis

Fisher, F. M., Kleiner, S., Douris, N., Fox, E. C., Mepani, R. J., Verdeguer, F., Wu, J., Kharitonenkov, A., Flier, J. S., Maratos-Flier, E., et al. (2012) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.177857.111 · Cited by 1,478

Exercise induces hippocampal BDNF through a PGC-1α/FNDC5 pathway

Wrann, C. D., White, J. P., Salogiannnis, J., Laznik-Bogoslavski, D., Wu, J., Ma, D., Lin, J. D., Greenberg, M. E., & Spiegelman, B. M. (2013) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2013.09.008 · Cited by 1,440

The IDF consensus worldwide definition of the metabolic syndrome

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Beneficial effects of leptin on obesity, T cell hyporesponsiveness, and neuroendocrine/metabolic dysfunction of human congenital leptin deficiency

Farooqi, I. S., Matarese, G., Lord, G. M., Keogh, J. M., Lawrence, E., Agwu, C., Sanna, V., Jebb, S. A., Perna, F., Fontana, S., et al. (2002) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci15693 · Cited by 1,374

The fat-derived hormone adiponectin alleviates alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases in mice

Xu, A., Wang, Y., Keshaw, H., Xu, L. Y., Lam, K. S. L., & Cooper, G. J. S. (2003) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci17797 · Cited by 1,312

The fat-derived hormone adiponectin alleviates alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases in mice

Xu, A., Wang, Y., Keshaw, H., Xu, L. Y., Lam, K. S. L., & Cooper, G. J. S. (2003) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci200317797 · Cited by 1,298

Adiponectin, a new member of the family of soluble defense collagens, negatively regulates the growth of myelomonocytic progenitors and the functions of macrophages

Yokota, T., Oritani, K., Takahashi, I., Ishikawa, J., Matsuyama, A., Ouchi, N., Kihara, S., Funahashi, T., Tenner, A. J., Tomiyama, Y., et al. (2000) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.v96.5.1723 · Cited by 1,294

World health statistics

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Adipocyte-Derived Plasma Protein, Adiponectin, Suppresses Lipid Accumulation and Class A Scavenger Receptor Expression in Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages

Ouchi, N., Kihara, S., Arita, Y., Nishida, M., Matsuyama, A., Okamoto, Y., Ishigami, M., Kuriyama, H., Kishida, K., Nishizawa, H., et al. (2001) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.103.8.1057 · Cited by 1,281

Nonadipose tissue production of leptin: Leptin as a novel placenta-derived hormone in humans

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Leptin-Replacement Therapy for Lipodystrophy

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Interleukin-6-deficient mice develop mature-onset obesity

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Adiponectin, a Therapeutic Target for Obesity, Diabetes, and Endothelial Dysfunction

Elumalai, A., & Jain, S. K. (2017) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms18061321 · Cited by 1,206

Decreased cerebrospinal-fluid/serum leptin ratio in obesity: a possible mechanism for leptin resistance

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Complex distribution, not absolute amount of adiponectin, correlates with thiazolidinedione-mediated improvement in insulin sensitivity

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A leptin missense mutation associated with hypogonadism and morbid obesity

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Fibroblast growth factor 21 reverses hepatic steatosis, increases energy expenditure, and improves insulin sensitivity in diet-induced obese mice

Xu, J., Lloyd, D. J., Hale, C., Stanislaus, S., Chen, M., Sivits, G., Vonderfecht, S., Hecht, R., Li, Y.-S., Lindberg, R. A., et al. (2009) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db08-0392 · Cited by 1,151

The interleukin-6 receptor as a target for prevention of coronary heart disease: a mendelian randomisation analysis

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Adiponectin and protection against type 2 diabetes mellitus

Spranger, J., Kroke, A., Möhlig, M., Bergmann, M. M., Ristow, M., Boeing, H., & Pfeiffer, A. F. H. (2003) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(03)12255-6 · Cited by 1,120

Beneficial effects of leptin on obesity, T cell hyporesponsiveness, and neuroendocrine/metabolic dysfunction of human congenital leptin deficiency

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Production of interleukin-6 in contracting human skeletal muscles can account for the exercise-induced increase in plasma interleukin-6

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Interleukin-6, a Major Cytokine in the Central Nervous System

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FNDC5 and Irisin in Humans: I. Predictors of Circulating Concentrations in Serum and Plasma and II. mRNA Expression and Circulating Concentrations in Response to Weight Loss and Exercise

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Leptin reverses insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus in mice with congenital lipodystrophy

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Aerobic fitness reduces brain tissue loss in aging humans.

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Prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Its Association With Cardiovascular Disease Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Targher, G., Bertolini, L., Padovani, R., Rodella, S., Tessari, R., Zenari, L., Day, C. P., & Arcaro, G. (2007) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc06-2247 · Cited by 1,004

Adiponectin Levels and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Li, S., Shin, H. J., Ding, E. L., & van Dam, R. M. (2009) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2009.976 · Cited by 991

Adiponectin protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury through AMPK- and COX-2–dependent mechanisms

Shibata, R., Sato, K., Pimentel, D. R., Takemura, Y., Kihara, S., Ohashi, K., Funahashi, T., Ouchi, N., & Walsh, K. (2005) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1295 · Cited by 982

Adiponectin and AdipoR1 Regulate PGC-1α and Mitochondria by Ca2+ and AMPK/SIRT1

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Beyond insulin resistance in NASH: TNF-α or adiponectin?

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The serum protein α2–Heremans-Schmid glycoprotein/fetuin-A is a systemically acting inhibitor of ectopic calcification

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Interleukin-6 enhances insulin secretion by increasing glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion from L cells and alpha cells

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Serum FGF21 levels are increased in obesity and are independently associated with the metabolic syndrome in humans

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Interleukin-6 Increases Insulin-Stimulated Glucose Disposal in Humans and Glucose Uptake and Fatty Acid Oxidation In Vitro via AMP-Activated Protein Kinase

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The effects of LY2405319, an FGF21 analog, in obese human subjects with type 2 diabetes

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IL-6 pathway in the liver: From physiopathology to therapy

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T-cadherin is a receptor for hexameric and high-molecular-weight forms of Acrp30/adiponectin

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Interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, epidermal growth factor and transforming growth factor-α are elevated in the brain from parkinsonian patients

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Molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance in humans and their potential links with mitochondrial dysfunction

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Intracellular signalling pathways activated by leptin

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Identification of a novel FGF, FGF-21, preferentially expressed in the liver

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A nutrient-sensing pathway regulates leptin gene expression in muscle and fat

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Irisin and FGF21 are cold-induced endocrine activators of brown fat function in humans

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Interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 are elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid of Alzheimer's and de novo Parkinson's disease patients

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Adipokines: The missing link between insulin resistance and obesity

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A small-molecule AdipoR agonist for type 2 diabetes and short life in obesity

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Intracellular signalling pathways activated by leptin

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Irisin Stimulates Browning of White Adipocytes Through Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase p38 MAP Kinase and ERK MAP Kinase Signaling

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Treatment of Obesity with Celastrol

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FGF21 induces PGC-1α and regulates carbohydrate and fatty acid metabolism during the adaptive starvation response

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