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Cited by 1,910Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation StudiesTreatment of Major DepressionElectroconvulsive Therapy Studies

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Efficacy and Safety of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in the Acute Treatment of Major Depression: A Multisite Randomized Controlled Trial

O’Reardon, John P., Solvason, H. Brent, Janicak, Philip G., Sampson, Shirlene, Isenberg, Keith E., Nahas, Ziad, McDonald, William M., Avery, David, Fitzgerald, Paul B., Loo, Colleen, Demitrack, Mark A., George, Mark S., Sackeim, Harold A.·2007·Biological Psychiatry
DOI 10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.01.018
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Abstract

Background We tested whether transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is effective and safe in the acute treatment of major depression. Methods In a double-blind, multisite study, 301 medication-free patients with major depression who had not benefited from prior treatment were randomized to active (n = 155) or sham TMS (n = 146) conditions. Sessions were conducted five times per week with TMS at 10 pulses/sec, 120% of motor threshold, 3000 pulses/session, for 4-6 weeks. Primary outcome was the symptom score change as assessed at week 4 with the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Secondary outcomes included changes on the 17- and 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) and response and remission rates with the MADRS and HAMD. Results Active TMS was significantly superior to sham TMS on the MADRS at week 4 (with a post hoc correction for inequality in symptom severity between groups at baseline), as well as on the HAMD17 and HAMD24 scales at weeks 4 and 6. Response rates were significantly higher with active TMS on all three scales at weeks 4 and 6. Remission rates were approximately twofold higher with active TMS at week 6 and significant on the MADRS and HAMD24 scales (but not the HAMD17 scale). Active TMS was well tolerated with a low dropout rate for adverse events (4.5%) that were generally mild and limited to transient scalp discomfort or pain. Conclusions Transcranial magnetic stimulation was ef…

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Metadata

Authors
O’Reardon, J. P., Solvason, H. B., Janicak, P. G., Sampson, S., Isenberg, K. E., Nahas, Z., McDonald, W. M., Avery, D., Fitzgerald, P. B., Loo, C., Demitrack, M. A., George, M. S., & Sackeim, H. A.
Affiliations
  • University of Pennsylvania (US)
  • Stanford University (US)
  • Rush University Medical Center (US)
  • Mayo Clinic (US)
  • Washington University in St. Louis (US)
  • Medical University of South Carolina (US)
  • Emory University (US)
  • University of Washington (US)
  • The Alfred Hospital (AU)
  • UNSW Sydney (AU)
  • Neuronetics (United States) (US)
Corresponding author
O’Reardon, John P.
ORCID
Venue
Biological Psychiatry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2007-12
Volume
62
Issue
11
Pages
1208-1216
ISSN
0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.01.018
OpenAlex
W2062103870
Cited by
1,910
References
2
Citations by year
2026: 108 · 2025: 151 · 2024: 152 · 2023: 137 · 2022: 142 · 2021: 112 · 2020: 108 · 2019: 130 · 2018: 92 · 2017: 76 · 2016: 88 · 2015: 75 · 2014: 88 · 2013: 88 · 2012: 74
FWCI
44.67
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Electroconvulsive Therapy Studies
Keywords
transcranial magnetic stimulation, major depressive disorder, acute treatment, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, treatment-resistant depression, medication-free patients, adverse events, tolerability
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Audiometry, Major Depressive Disorder, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Treatment Outcome, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

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