Reactive oxygen species, cellular redox systems, and apoptosis

Circu, Magdalena L.; Aw, Tak Yee

doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2009.12.022

Cited by 3,340Redox biology and oxidative stressCell death mechanisms and regulationAntioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress

Reactive oxygen species, cellular redox systems, and apoptosis

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Circu, Magdalena L., Aw, Tak Yee·2010·Free Radical Biology and Medicine

DOI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2009.12.022PMC PMC2823977

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Abstract

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are products of normal metabolism and xenobiotic exposure, and depending on their concentration, ROS can be beneficial or harmful to cells and tissues. At physiological low levels, ROS function as "redox messengers" in intracellular signaling and regulation, whereas excess ROS induce oxidative modification of cellular macromolecules, inhibit protein function, and promote cell death. Additionally, various redox systems, such as the glutathione, thioredoxin, and pyridine nucleotide redox couples, participate in cell signaling and modulation of cell function, including apoptotic cell death. Cell apoptosis is initiated by extracellular and intracellular signals via two main pathways, the death receptor- and the mitochondria-mediated pathways. Various pathologies can result from oxidative stress-induced apoptotic signaling that is consequent to ROS increases and/or antioxidant decreases, disruption of intracellular redox homeostasis, and irreversible oxidative modifications of lipid, protein, or DNA. In this review, we focus on several key aspects of ROS and redox mechanisms in apoptotic signaling and highlight the gaps in knowledge and potential avenues for further investigation. A full understanding of the redox control of apoptotic initiation and execution could underpin the development of therapeutic interventions targeted at oxidative stress-associated disorders.

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ROS are highly chemically reactive molecules derived from deficient reduction in molecular oxygen and play a critical role as signaling molecules in tumorigenesis, including asbestos-mediated carcinogenesis.
“ROS are highly chemically reactive molecules, derived from the deficient reduction in molecular oxygen (O2) and playing a critical role as signaling molecules in tumorigenesis [68], including asbestos-mediated carcinogenesis [15,66,69].”
From Chronic Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Plasticity: Three Players Driving the Pro-Tumorigenic Microenvironment in Malignant Mesothelioma (2023) · cites this paper as [69]
Section 1 describes ROS as O₂-derived species, and the Abstract says that low levels act as redox messengers in intracellular signaling. The copy does not establish a critical signaling role for ROS in tumorigenesis. The asbestos-specific clause is attached to other citations, not this source. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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NRF2-Dependent Glutamate-L-Cysteine Ligase Catalytic Subunit Expression Mediates Insulin Protection Against Hyperglycemia-Induced Brain Endothelial Cell Apoptosis
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Assessment of Endoplasmic Reticulum Glutathione Redox Status Is Confounded by Extensive Ex Vivo Oxidation
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The Mitochondrial TOM Complex Is Required for tBid/Bax-induced Cytochrome c Release
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Hydrogen peroxide inhibits caspase-dependent apoptosis by inactivating procaspase-9 in an iron-dependent manner
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S-Nitrosation Regulates the Activation of Endogenous Procaspase-9 in HT-29 Human Colon Carcinoma Cells
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The non-protein thiol of rat liver mitochondria
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MAPKKK6, a Novel Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase Kinase, That Associates with MAPKKK5
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Ceramide: A Novel Player in Reactive Oxygen Species-Induced Signaling?
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Reactive Oxygen Species in Inflammation and Tissue Injury
Mittal, M., Siddiqui, M. R., Tran, K., Reddy, S. P., & Malik, A. B. (2014) · Antioxidants & Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2012.5149 · Cited by 4,897 · see citing works
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ATM Activation by Oxidative Stress
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Microglial Activation and Chronic Neurodegeneration
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Dual Enzyme-like Activities of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Implication for Diminishing Cytotoxicity
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Pulmonary Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Cancer: Respirable Particulate Matter, Fibrous Dusts and Ozone as Major Causes of Lung Carcinogenesis through Reactive Oxygen Species Mechanisms
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Oxidative Stress in Cardiovascular Diseases: Still a Therapeutic Target?
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Oxidative stress in bone remodeling: role of antioxidants
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Enhanced Cisplatin Chemotherapy by Iron Oxide Nanocarrier-Mediated Generation of Highly Toxic Reactive Oxygen Species
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Oxidative stress and pathophysiology of ischemic stroke: novel therapeutic opportunities.
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Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Diseases
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Fluorogenic probes for disease-relevant enzymes
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Development of Multifunctional Molecules as Potential Therapeutic Candidates for Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in the Last Decade
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Replacement of lost Lgr5-positive stem cells through plasticity of their enterocyte-lineage daughters
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Cellular Red-Ox system in health and disease: The latest update
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Small-Molecule Fluorescent Probes for Imaging and Detection of Reactive Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Sulfur Species in Biological Systems
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Complex interplay between autophagy and oxidative stress in the development of pulmonary disease
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The antioxidant glutathione
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Oxeiptosis, a ROS-induced caspase-independent apoptosis-like cell-death pathway
Holze, C., Michaudel, C., Mackowiak, C., Haas, D. A., Benda, C., Hubel, P., Pennemann, F. L., Schnepf, D., Wettmarshausen, J., Braun, M., et al. (2017) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41590-017-0013-y · Cited by 459 · see citing works
Smoking and increased Alzheimer's disease risk: A review of potential mechanisms
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Imbalanced GSH/ROS and sequential cell death
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Oxidative stress, consequences and ROS mediated cellular signaling in rheumatoid arthritis
Phull, A. R., Nasir, B., Haq, I. U., & Kim, S. J. (2017) · Chemico-Biological Interactions · doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2017.12.024 · Cited by 460 · see citing works
Trace elements in soil-vegetables interface: Translocation, bioaccumulation, toxicity and amelioration - A review
Gupta, N., Yadav, K. K., Kumar, V., Kumar, S., Chadd, R. P., & Kumar, A. (2018) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.047 · Cited by 454 · see citing works
FNDC5 alleviates oxidative stress and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity via activating AKT
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Synthetic ion transporters can induce apoptosis by facilitating chloride anion transport into cells
Ko, S., Kim, S. K., Share, A. I., Lynch, V. M., Park, J., Namkung, W., Rossom, W. V., Busschaert, N., Gale, P. A., Sessler, J. L., et al. (2014) · Nature Chemistry · doi:10.1038/nchem.2021 · Cited by 418 · see citing works
Essential Oils of Oregano: Biological Activity beyond Their Antimicrobial Properties
Leyva‐López, N., Gutiérrez‐Grijalva, E. P., Vázquez-Olivo, G., & Heredia, J. B. (2017) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules22060989 · Cited by 433 · see citing works
Reactive Oxygen Species in Skeletal Muscle Signaling
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A Review of Hydrogen Sulfide Synthesis, Metabolism, and Measurement: Is Modulation of Hydrogen Sulfide a Novel Therapeutic for Cancer?
Cao, X., Ding, L., Xie, Z., Yang, Y., Whiteman, M., Moore, P. K., & Bian, J. (2018) · Antioxidants and Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2017.7058 · Cited by 409 · see citing works
Reactive Oxygen Species‐Regulating Strategies Based on Nanomaterials for Disease Treatment
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Agroecological Responses of Heavy Metal Pollution with Special Emphasis on Soil Health and Plant Performances
Srivastava, V., Sarkar, A., Singh, S., Singh, P., de Araújo, A. S. F., & Singh, R. P. (2017) · Frontiers in Environmental Science · doi:10.3389/fenvs.2017.00064 · Cited by 389 · see citing works
Estrogen metabolism and breast cancer
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Molecular mechanisms underlying chemical liver injury
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Redox Biology of Respiratory Viral Infections
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Microbial Interventions in Bioremediation of Heavy Metal Contaminants in Agroecosystem
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Metabolic reprogramming for cancer cells and their microenvironment: Beyond the Warburg Effect
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Towards a unifying, systems biology understanding of large-scale cellular death and destruction caused by poorly liganded iron: Parkinson’s, Huntington’s, Alzheimer’s, prions, bactericides, chemical toxicology and others as examples
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Fluorescent dyes based on rhodamine derivatives for bioimaging and therapeutics: recent progress, challenges, and prospects
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Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Disease
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Alzheimer’s disease: Insights and new prospects in disease pathophysiology, biomarkers and disease-modifying drugs
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Glutathione and modulation of cell apoptosis
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Nanocatalysts-augmented Fenton chemical reaction for nanocatalytic tumor therapy
Qian, X., Zhang, J., Gu, Z., & Chen, Y. (2019) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.04.023 · Cited by 331 · see citing works
Cancer Metabolism: The Role of ROS in DNA Damage and Induction of Apoptosis in Cancer Cells
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Clinical perspective on oxidative stress in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
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Unraveling the Potential Role of Glutathione in Multiple Forms of Cell Death in Cancer Therapy
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Self-citation

Authors: Circu, M. L., & Aw, T. Y.
Affiliations: Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport (US)
Corresponding author: Aw, Tak Yee
ORCID: Circu, Magdalena L.
Venue: Free Radical Biology and Medicine
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2010-03
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Pages: 749-762
ISSN: 0891-5849 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2009.12.022
PMC: PMC2823977
OpenAlex: W1977178308
Cited by: 3,340
References: 224
Citations by year: 2026: 116 · 2025: 134 · 2024: 154 · 2023: 190 · 2022: 262 · 2021: 243 · 2020: 243 · 2019: 298 · 2018: 264 · 2017: 287 · 2016: 240 · 2015: 217 · 2014: 210 · 2013: 163 · 2012: 152
FWCI: 13.45
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: Free Radical Biology and Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK044510, DK 44510)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Cell death mechanisms and regulation
Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
Keywords: reactive oxygen species, apoptosis, oxidative stress, redox signaling, glutathione, thioredoxin, pyridine nucleotides, death receptor signaling, mitochondrial apoptosis, antioxidant deficiency, redox homeostasis
MeSH terms: Animals, Humans, Oxidation-Reduction, Signal Transduction, Apoptosis, Reactive Oxygen Species

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Reactive oxygen species, cellular redox systems, and apoptosis

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