The olfactory bulb as the entry site for prion-like propagation in neurodegenerative diseases

Rey, Nolwen L.; Wesson, Daniel W.; Brundin, Patrik

doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2016.12.013

Cited by 257Olfactory and Sensory Function StudiesParkinson's Disease Mechanisms and TreatmentsAlzheimer's disease research and treatments

The olfactory bulb as the entry site for prion-like propagation in neurodegenerative diseases

Open access

Rey, Nolwen L., Wesson, Daniel W., Brundin, Patrik·2018·Neurobiology of Disease

DOI 10.1016/j.nbd.2016.12.013PMC PMC5972535

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

Olfactory deficits are present in numerous neurodegenerative disorders and are accompanied by pathology in related brain regions. In several of these disorders, olfactory disturbances appear early and are considered as prodromal symptoms of the disease. In addition, pathological protein aggregates affect olfactory regions prior to other regions, suggesting that the olfactory system might be particularly vulnerable to neurodegenerative diseases. Exposed to the external environment, the olfactory epithelium and olfactory bulb allow pathogen and toxin penetration into the brain, a process that has been proposed to play a role in neurodegenerative diseases. Determining whether the olfactory bulb could be a starting point of pathology and of pathology spread is crucial to understanding how neurodegenerative diseases evolve. We argue that pathological changes following environmental insults contribute to the initiation of protein aggregation in the olfactory bulb, which then triggers the spread of the pathology within the brain by a templating mechanism in a prion-like manner. We review the evidence for the early involvement of olfactory structures in neurodegenerative diseases and the relationship between neuropathology and olfactory function. We discuss the vulnerability and putative underlying mechanisms by which pathology could be initiated in the olfactory bulb, from the entry of pathogens (promoted by increased permeability of the olfactory epithelium with aging or inflammation) to the sensitivity of the olfactory system to oxidative stress and inflammation. Finally, we review changes in protein expression and neural excitability triggered by pathogenic proteins that can promote pathogenesis in the olfactory bulb and beyond.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.nbd.2016.12.013

Cites

510 of 511 references verified1 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Olfactory impairment is an early predictor of Parkinson's disease development due to α-synuclein aggregation in the olfactory bulb.
“It is worthwhile noting that olfactory impairment is an early predictor of Parkinson’s disease development due to α-synuclein aggregation in the olfactory bulb [142].”
From Hyperactivation of P2X7 receptors as a culprit of COVID-19 neuropathology (2021) · cites this paper as [142]

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Neuropathological stageing of Alzheimer-related changes.
Braak, H., & Braak, E. (1991) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/bf00308809 · Cited by 16,123 · cited 4× · see citing works
“Indeed, OB pathology is prevalent in the early stages of some neurological disorders (e.g., (Braak et al., 2006; Braak and Braak, 1991; Tabaton et al., 2004; Zanusso et al., 2003).”
Influential
Staging of brain pathology related to sporadic Parkinson’s disease
Braak, H., Tredici, K. D., Rüb, U., de Vos, R. A. I., Jansen Steur, E. N. H., & Braak, E. (2003) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/s0197-4580(02)00065-9 · Cited by 10,777 · see citing works
MDS clinical diagnostic criteria for Parkinson’s disease
Postuma, R. B., Berg, D., Stern, M., Poewe, W., Olanow, C. W., Oertel, W., Obeso, J., Marek, K., Litvan, I., Lang, A. E., et al. (2015) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.26424 · Cited by 7,653 · see citing works
Alzheimer's disease: the amyloid cascade hypothesis
Hardy, J. A., & Higgins, G. A. (1992) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1566067 · Cited by 7,484 · see citing works
Ubiquitinated TDP-43 in Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Neumann, M., Sampathu, D. M., Kwong, L. K., Truax, A. C., Micsenyi, M. C., Chou, T. T., Bruce, J., Schuck, T., Grossman, M., Clark, C. M., et al. (2006) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1134108 · Cited by 6,576 · see citing works
Novel Proteinaceous Infectious Particles Cause Scrapie
Prusiner, S. B. (1982) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.6801762 · Cited by 5,121 · see citing works
α-Synuclein Locus Triplication Causes Parkinson's Disease
Singleton, A. B., Farrer, M., Johnson, J., Singleton, A., Hague, S., Kachergus, J., Hulihan, M., Peuralinna, T., Dutra, A., Nussbaum, R., et al. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1090278 · Cited by 4,383 · see citing works
AlaSOPro mutation in the gene encoding α-synuclein in Parkinson's disease
Krüger, R., Kuhn, W., Müller, T., Woitalla, D., Graeber, M., Kösel, S., Przuntek, H., Epplen, J. T., Schols, L., & Riess, O. (1998) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng0298-106 · Cited by 3,836 · see citing works
The Synaptic Organization of the Brain
(2004) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195159561.001.1 · Cited by 3,550 · see citing works
Phases of Aβ-deposition in the human brain and its relevance for the development of AD
Thal, D. R., Rüb, U., Orantes, M., & Braak, H. (2002) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.58.12.1791 · Cited by 3,490 · see citing works
Stages in the development of Parkinson’s disease-related pathology
Braak, H., Ghebremedhin, E., Rüb, U., Bratzke, H., & Del Tredici, K. (2004) · Cell and Tissue Research · doi:10.1007/s00441-004-0956-9 · Cited by 2,689 · see citing works
Neuropathological Classification of Huntingtonʼs Disease
Vonsattel, J., Myers, R. H., STEVENS, T. J., Ferrante, R. J., Bird, E. D., & Richardson, E. P. (1985) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1097/00005072-198511000-00003 · Cited by 2,598 · see citing works
Long-Distance Neuronal Migration in the Adult Mammalian Brain
Lois, C., & Álvarez-Buylla, A. (1994) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.8178174 · Cited by 2,331 · see citing works
Heterogeneity in the distribution and morphology of microglia in the normal adult mouse brain
Lawson, L. J., Perry, V. H., Dri, P., & Gordon, S. (1990) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/0306-4522(90)90229-w · Cited by 2,045 · see citing works
Visualizing an Olfactory Sensory Map
Mombaerts, P., Wang, F., Dulac, C. G., Chao, S. K., Nemes, A., Mendelsohn, M. M., Edmondson, J., & Axel, R. (1996) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81387-2 · Cited by 1,992 · see citing works
Development of the University of Pennsylvania smell identification test: a standardized microencapsulated test of olfactory function
Doty, R. L., Shaman, P., & Dann, M. (1984) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/0031-9384(84)90269-5 · Cited by 1,854 · see citing works
Lewy bodies in grafted neurons in subjects with Parkinson's disease suggest host-to-graft disease propagation
Li, J.-Y., Englund, E., Holton, J. L., Soulet, D., Hagell, P., Lees, A. J., Lashley, T., Quinn, N. P., Rehncrona, S., Björklund, A., et al. (2008) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1746 · Cited by 1,845 · see citing works
Self-citation
Profound Loss of Layer II Entorhinal Cortex Neurons Occurs in Very Mild Alzheimer’s Disease
Gómez-Isla, T., Price, J. L., McKeel Jr., D. W., Morris, J. C., Growdon, J. H., & Hyman, B. T. (1996) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.16-14-04491.1996 · Cited by 1,796 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Of particular relevance to AD, the entorhinal cortex innervates the hippocampus via the perforant pathway (Gomez-Isla et al., 1996).”
Idiopathic Parkinson's disease: possible routes by which vulnerable neuronal types may be subject to neuroinvasion by an unknown pathogen
Braak, H., R�b, U., Gai, W. P., & Del Tredici, K. (2003) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-002-0808-2 · Cited by 1,683 · see citing works
Air pollution: mechanisms of neuroinflammation and CNS disease
Block, M. L., & Calderón‐Garcidueñas, L. (2009) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2009.05.009 · Cited by 1,676 · see citing works
APP Processing and Synaptic Function
Kamenetz, F., Tomita, T., Hsieh, H., Seabrook, G., Borchelt, D., Iwatsubo, T., Sisodia, S., & Malinow, R. (2003) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(03)00124-7 · Cited by 1,644 · see citing works
Adult neurogenesis and functional plasticity in neuronal circuits
Lledo, P., Alonso, M., & Grubb, M. S. (2006) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1867 · Cited by 1,364 · see citing works
Unique astrocyte ribbon in adult human brain contains neural stem cells but lacks chain migration
Sanai, N., Tramontin, A. D., Quiñones‐Hinojosa, A., Barbaro, N. M., Gupta, N. M., Kunwar, S., Lawton, M. T., McDermott, M. W., Parsa, A. T., García‐Verdugo, J. M., et al. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02301 · Cited by 1,315 · see citing works
Glutamine Repeats and Neurodegeneration
Zoghbi, H. Y., & Orr, H. T. (2000) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.23.1.217 · Cited by 1,311 · see citing works
Molecular mechanisms of excitotoxicity and their relevance to pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases
Dong, X.-X., Wang, Y., & Qin, Z.-H. (2009) · Acta Pharmacologica Sinica · doi:10.1038/aps.2009.24 · Cited by 1,297 · see citing works
Synaptic Activity Regulates Interstitial Fluid Amyloid-β Levels In Vivo
Cirrito, J. R., Yamada, K. A., Finn, M. B., Sloviter, R. S., Bales, K. R., May, P. C., Schoepp, D. D., Paul, S. M., Mennerick, S., & Holtzman, D. M. (2005) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2005.10.028 · Cited by 1,265 · see citing works
The Central Nervous System of Vertebrates
Nieuwenhuys, R., ten Donkelaar, H. J., & Nicholson, C. (1998) · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-18262-4 · Cited by 1,249 · see citing works
Handbook of Olfaction and Gustation
Doty, R. L. (2003) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9780203911457 · Cited by 1,228 · see citing works
Nature of the Scrapie Agent: Self-replication and Scrapie
Griffith, J. S. (1967) · Nature · doi:10.1038/2151043a0 · Cited by 1,161 · see citing works
α-Synuclein strains cause distinct synucleinopathies after local and systemic administration
Peelaerts, W., Bousset, L., Van der Perren, A., Moskalyuk, A., Pulizzi, R., Giugliano, M., Van den Haute, C., Melki, R., & Baekelandt, V. (2015) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature14547 · Cited by 1,130 · see citing works
Allelic inactivation regulates olfactory receptor gene expression
Chess, A. J., Simon, I., Cedar, H., & Axel, R. (1994) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(94)90562-2 · Cited by 1,066 · see citing works
Stages of pTDP‐43 pathology in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Brettschneider, J., Del Tredici, K., Toledo, J. B., Robinson, J. L., Irwin, D. J., Grossman, M., Suh, E., Van Deerlin, V. M., Wood, E. M., Baek, Y., et al. (2013) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.23937 · Cited by 1,065 · see citing works
Roles of continuous neurogenesis in the structural and functional integrity of the adult forebrain
Imayoshi, I., Sakamoto, M., Ohtsuka, T., Takao, K., Miyakawa, T., Yamaguchi, M., Mori, K., Ikeda, T., Itohara, S., & Kageyama, R. (2008) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.2185 · Cited by 1,054 · see citing works
ApoE-Directed Therapeutics Rapidly Clear β-Amyloid and Reverse Deficits in AD Mouse Models
Cramer, P. E., Cirrito, J. R., Wesson, D. W., Lee, C. Y. D., Karlo, J. C., Zinn, A. E., Casali, B. T., Restivo, J. L., Goebel, W. D., James, M. J., et al. (2012) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1217697 · Cited by 1,050 · see citing works
Self-citation
Amyloid Deposition Is Associated with Impaired Default Network Function in Older Persons without Dementia
Sperling, R. A., LaViolette, P. S., O'Keefe, K., O'Brien, J., Rentz, D. M., Pihlajamaki, M., Marshall, G., Hyman, B. T., Selkoe, D. J., Hedden, T., et al. (2009) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2009.07.003 · Cited by 1,027 · see citing works
Parkinson's disease: a dual‐hit hypothesis
Hawkes, C. H., Del Tredici, K., & Braak, H. (2007) · Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2990.2007.00874.x · Cited by 1,021 · see citing works
Non–cell autonomous toxicity in neurodegenerative disorders: ALS and beyond
Ilieva, H., Polymenidou, M., & Cleveland, D. W. (2009) · Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.200908164 · Cited by 1,008 · see citing works
Two membrane protein fractions from rat central myelin with inhibitory properties for neurite growth and fibroblast spreading.
Caroni, P., & Schwab, M. E. (1988) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.106.4.1281 · Cited by 880 · see citing works
University of pennsylvania smell identification test: A rapid quantitative olfactory function test for the clinic
Doty, R. L., Shaman, P., Kimmelman, C. P., & Dann, M. S. (1984) · The Laryngoscope · doi:10.1288/00005537-198402000-00004 · Cited by 875 · see citing works
Olfactory dysfunction in parkinsonism: A general deficit unrelated to neurologic signs, disease stage, or disease duration
Doty, R. L., Deems, D. A., & Stellar, S. (1988) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.38.8.1237 · Cited by 838 · see citing works
The distribution of tangles, plaques and related immunohistochemical markers in healthy aging and Alzheimer's disease
Price, J. L., Davis, P. B., Morris, J. C., & White, D. L. (1991) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/0197-4580(91)90006-6 · Cited by 818 · see citing works
Where Does Parkinson Disease Pathology Begin in the Brain?
Del Tredici, K., Rüb, U., de Vos, R. A. I., Bohl, J. R. E., & Braak, H. (2002) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1093/jnen/61.5.413 · Cited by 773 · see citing works
Neuro-inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide causes cognitive impairment through enhancement of beta-amyloid generation
Lee, J. W., Lee, Y. K., Yuk, D. Y., Choi, D. Y., Ban, S. B., Oh, K. W., & Hong, J. T. (2008) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/1742-2094-5-37 · Cited by 772 · see citing works
Lewy Bodies in Alzheimer's Disease: A Neuropathological Review of 145 Cases Using α‐Synuclein Immunohistochemistry
Hamilton, R. L. (2000) · Brain Pathology · doi:10.1111/j.1750-3639.2000.tb00269.x · Cited by 754 · see citing works
Brain homogenates from human tauopathies induce tau inclusions in mouse brain
Clavaguera, F., Akatsu, H., Fraser, G. M., Crowther, R. A., Frank, S., Hench, J., Probst, A., Winkler, D. T., Reichwald, J., Staufenbiel, M., et al. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1301175110 · Cited by 750 · see citing works
Oxidative stress and nitration in neurodegeneration: Cause, effect, or association?
Ischiropoulos, H., & Beckman, J. S. (2003) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci200317638 · Cited by 748 · see citing works
Idiopathic hyposmia as a preclinical sign of Parkinson's disease
Ponsen, M. M., Stoffers, D., Booij, J., van Eck‐Smit, B. L. F., Wolters, E. C., & Berendse, H. W. (2004) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.20160 · Cited by 741 · see citing works
Association of olfactory dysfunction with risk for future Parkinson's disease
Ross, G. W., Petrovitch, H., Abbott, R. D., Tanner, C. M., Popper, J. S., Masaki, K., Launer, L. J., & White, L. R. (2007) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.21291 · Cited by 739 · see citing works
Olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson disease
Doty, R. L. (2012) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2012.80 · Cited by 737 · see citing works
Development of the 12‐Item Cross‐Cultural Smell Identification Test(CC‐SIT)
Doty, R. L., Marcus, A., & Lee, W. W. (1996) · The Laryngoscope · doi:10.1097/00005537-199603000-00021 · Cited by 734 · see citing works
Environmental pollutants as risk factors for neurodegenerative disorders: Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases
Chin-Chan, M., Navarro-Yepes, J., & Quintanilla‐Vega, B. (2015) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2015.00124 · Cited by 712 · see citing works
Staging of the intracerebral inclusion body pathology associated with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (preclinical and clinical stages)
Braak, H., Tredici, K. D., Bratzke, H., Hamm-Clement, J., Sandmann-Keil, D., & Rüb, U. (2002) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-002-1301-4 · Cited by 710 · see citing works
Unified staging system for Lewy body disorders: correlation with nigrostriatal degeneration, cognitive impairment and motor dysfunction
the Arizona Parkinson’s Disease Consortium, Beach, T. G., Adler, C. H., Lue, L., Sue, L. I., Bachalakuri, J., Henry-Watson, J., Sasse, J., Boyer, S., Shirohi, S., et al. (2009) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-009-0538-8 · Cited by 698 · see citing works
Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation Exacerbates Tau Pathology by a Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5-Mediated Pathway in a Transgenic Model of Alzheimer's Disease
Kitazawa, M., Oddo, S., Yamasaki, T. R., Green, K. N., & LaFerla, F. M. (2005) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2868-05.2005 · Cited by 697 · see citing works
Association and commissural fiber systems of the olfactory cortex of the rat. I. Systems originating in the piriform cortex and adjacent areas
Haberly, L. B., & Price, J. L. (1978) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.901780408 · Cited by 680 · see citing works
Distinct α-Synuclein Strains Differentially Promote Tau Inclusions in Neurons
Guo, J. L., Covell, D. J., Daniels, J. P., Iba, M., Stieber, A., Zhang, B., Riddle, D. M., Kwong, L. K., Xu, Y., Trojanowski, J. Q., et al. (2013) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2013.05.057 · Cited by 680 · see citing works
Olfaction in Neurodegenerative Disease: A Meta-analysis of Olfactory Functioning in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases
Mesholam, R. I., Moberg, P. J., Mahr, R. N., & Doty, R. L. (1998) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.55.1.84 · Cited by 643 · see citing works
Stanley Fahn Lecture 2005: the staging procedure for the inclusion body pathology associated with sporadic Parkinson’s disease reconsidered
Braak, H., Bohl, J. R., Müller, C. M., Rüb, U., de Vos, R. A. I., & Del Tredici, K. (2006) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.21065 · Cited by 630 · see citing works
α-Synuclein binds to TOM20 and inhibits mitochondrial protein import in Parkinson’s disease
Di Maio, R., Barrett, P. J., Hoffman, E. K., Barrett, C. W., Zharikov, A., Borah, A., Hu, X., McCoy, J., Chu, C. T., Burton, E. A., et al. (2016) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf3634 · Cited by 619 · see citing works
Incidence and Predictors of Seizures in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease
Amatniek, J. C., Hauser, W. A., del Castillo–Castañeda, C., Jacobs, D. M., Marder, K. S., Bell, K. L., Albert, M., Brandt, J., & Stern, Y. (2006) · Epilepsia · doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2006.00554.x · Cited by 592 · see citing works
Central mechanisms of odour object perception
Gottfried, J. A. (2010) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2883 · Cited by 549 · see citing works
The molecular receptive range of an odorant receptor
Araneda, R. C., Kini, A. D., & Firestein, S. (2000) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/81774 · Cited by 525 · see citing works
Odor maps in the mammalian olfactory bulb: domain organization and odorant structural features
Uchida, N., Takahashi, Y. K., Tanifuji, M., & Mori, K. (2000) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/79857 · Cited by 520 · see citing works
Neurodegenerative Diseases: An Overview of Environmental Risk Factors
Brown, R. C., Lockwood, A. H., & Sonawane, B. R. (2005) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.7567 · Cited by 514 · see citing works
Disease‐specific patterns of locus coeruleus cell loss
German, D. C., Manaye, K. F., White, C. L., Woodward, D. J., McIntire, D. D., Smith, W. K., Kalaria, R. N., & Mann, D. M. A. (1992) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.410320510 · Cited by 512 · see citing works
Environmental Toxins and Parkinson's Disease
Goldman, S. M. (2013) · The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology · doi:10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-011613-135937 · Cited by 507 · see citing works
A Study on the Frequency of Olfactory Dysfunction
Landis, B. N., Konnerth, C., & Hummel, T. (2004) · The Laryngoscope · doi:10.1097/00005537-200410000-00017 · Cited by 481 · see citing works
Cognitive factors in odor detection, odor discrimination, and odor identification tasks
Hedner, M., Larsson, M. U., Arnold, N., Zucco, G. M., & Hummel, T. R. (2010) · Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/13803391003683070 · Cited by 472 · see citing works
Odor Representations in Olfactory Cortex: “Sparse” Coding, Global Inhibition, and Oscillations
Poo, C., & Isaacson, J. S. (2009) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2009.05.022 · Cited by 469 · see citing works
Cortical processing of odor objects.
Wilson, D. A., & Sullivan, R. M. (2011) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.10.027 · Cited by 468 · see citing works
Exposure to the functional bacterial amyloid protein curli enhances alpha-synuclein aggregation in aged Fischer 344 rats and Caenorhabditis elegans
Chen, S. G., Stribinskis, V., Rane, M. J., Demuth, D. R., Gozal, E., Roberts, A. M., Jagadapillai, R., Liu, R., Choe, K., Shivakumar, B., et al. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep34477 · Cited by 463 · see citing works
Handbook of Olfaction and Gustation
(2015) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118971758 · Cited by 447 · see citing works
Pesticides and Parkinson’s Disease—Is There a Link?
Brown, T., Rumsby, P., Capleton, A., Rushton, L., & Levy, L. (2005) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.8095 · Cited by 446 · see citing works
Clinical correlates of selective pathology in the amygdala of patients with Parkinson’s disease
Harding, A. J., Stimson, E., Henderson, J. M., & Halliday, G. M. (2002) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awf251 · Cited by 445 · see citing works
Induction of α-Synuclein Aggregation by Intracellular Nitrative Insult
Paxinou, E., Chen, Q., Weisse, M., Giasson, B. I., Norris, E. H., Rueter, S. M., Trojanowski, J. Q., Lee, V. M. ‐., & Ischiropoulos, H. (2001) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.21-20-08053.2001 · Cited by 440 · see citing works
Neuroinflammatory processes in Alzheimer’s disease
Heneka, M. T., O’Banion, M. K., Terwel, D., & Kummer, M. P. (2010) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-010-0438-z · Cited by 433 · see citing works
Centre–surround inhibition among olfactory bulb glomeruli
Aungst, J. L., Heyward, P. M., Puché, A. C., Karnup, S. V., Hayar, A. M., Szabó, G., & Shipley, M. T. (2003) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02185 · Cited by 432 · see citing works
Olfaction in Parkinson's disease and related disorders
Doty, R. L. (2011) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2011.10.026 · Cited by 431 · see citing works
Olfactory bulb
Kauer, J. S., White, J., & Shepherd, G. M. (1998) · Cited by 431 · see citing works
Reversal of autophagy dysfunction in the TgCRND8 mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease ameliorates amyloid pathologies and memory deficits
Yang, D.-S., Stavrides, P., Mohan, P. S., Kaushik, S., Kumar, A., Ohno, M., Schmidt, S. D., Wesson, D., Bandyopadhyay, U., Jiang, Y., et al. (2011) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awq341 · Cited by 429 · see citing works
Self-citation
Pathogens Penetrating the Central Nervous System: Infection Pathways and the Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Invasion
Dando, S. J., Mackay-Sim, A., Norton, R., Currie, B. J., St. John, J. A., Ekberg, J. A. K., Batzloff, M., Ulett, G. C., & Beacham, I. R. (2014) · Clinical Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1128/cmr.00118-13 · Cited by 428 · see citing works
Neuropathology underlying clinical variability in patients with synucleinopathies
Halliday, G. M., Holton, J. L., Révész, T., & Dickson, D. W. (2011) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-011-0852-9 · Cited by 426 · see citing works
Clinical variables and biomarkers in prediction of cognitive impairment in patients with newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease: a cohort study
Schrag, A. E., Siddiqui, U. F., Anastasiou, Z., Weintraub, D. A., & Schott, J. M. (2016) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(16)30328-3 · Cited by 421 · see citing works
The Prion's Elusive Reason for Being
Aguzzi, A., Baumann, F., & Bremer, J. (2008) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.31.060407.125620 · Cited by 420 · see citing works
Noradrenergic mechanisms in neurodegenerative diseases: a theory
Marien, M. R., Colpaert, F. C., & Rosenquist, A. C. (2004) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.02.002 · Cited by 411 · see citing works
Pesticides exposure as etiological factors of Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases—A mechanistic approach
Baltazar, M. T., Dinis‐Oliveira, R. J., Bastos, M. D. L., Tsatsakis, A. M., Duarte, J. A., & Carvalho, F. D. (2014) · Toxicology Letters · doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.01.039 · Cited by 410 · see citing works
Neural Stem Cells in the Adult Human Brain
Johansson, C. B., Svensson, M. A., Wallstedt, L., Janson, A. M., & Frisén, J. (1999) · Experimental Cell Research · doi:10.1006/excr.1999.4678 · Cited by 410 · see citing works
Biomarkers of Parkinson’s disease: Present and future
Miller, D. B., & O'Callaghan, J. P. (2014) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2014.10.030 · Cited by 403 · see citing works
Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease and prion disease
Eikelenboom, P., Bate, C., van Gool, W. A., Hoozemans, J. J. M., Rozemüller, A. J. M., Veerhuis, R., & Williams, A. (2002) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.10146 · Cited by 402 · see citing works
Olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.
Hawkes, C. H., Shephard, B. C., & Daniel, S. E. (1997) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.62.5.436 · Cited by 399 · see citing works
Maps of Odorant Molecular Features in the Mammalian Olfactory Bulb
Mori, K., Takahashi, Y. K., Igarashi, K. M., & Yamaguchi, M. (2006) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00021.2005 · Cited by 397 · see citing works
Age-associated increases of α-synuclein in monkeys and humans are associated with nigrostriatal dopamine depletion: Is this the target for Parkinson's disease?
Chu, Y., & Kordower, J. H. (2006) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2006.08.021 · Cited by 396 · see citing works
Combining Early Markers Strongly Predicts Conversion from Mild Cognitive Impairment to Alzheimer's Disease
Devanand, D. P., Liu, X., Tabert, M. H., Pradhaban, G., Cuasay, K., Bell, K. L., de Leon, M. J., Doty, R. L., Stern, Y., & Pelton, G. H. (2008) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.06.020 · Cited by 396 · see citing works
Review: Sporadic Parkinson's disease: development and distribution ofα‐synuclein pathology
Tredici, K. D., & Braak, H. (2015) · Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology · doi:10.1111/nan.12298 · Cited by 396 · see citing works
EARLY EVENTS IN OLFACTORY PROCESSING
Wilson, R. I., & Mainen, Z. F. (2006) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.29.051605.112950 · Cited by 395 · see citing works
The olfactory nerve: a shortcut for influenza and other viral diseases into the central nervous system
van Riel, D., Verdijk, R., & Kuiken, T. (2015) · The Journal of Pathology · doi:10.1002/path.4461 · Cited by 394 · see citing works
The olfactory vector hypothesis of neurodegenerative disease: Is it viable?
Doty, R. L. (2008) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.21327 · Cited by 391 · see citing works
Widespread transneuronal propagation of α-synucleinopathy triggered in olfactory bulb mimics prodromal Parkinson’s disease
Rey, N. L., Steiner, J. A., Maroof, N., Luk, K. C., Madaj, Z., Trojanowski, J. Q., Lee, V. M. ‐., & Brundin, P. (2016) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20160368 · Cited by 389 · see citing works
Self-citation
Expression of the Alzheimer amyloid precursor gene transcripts in the human brain
Neve, R. L. (1988) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/0896-6273(88)90166-3 · Cited by 388 · see citing works
Sniffing controls an adaptive filter of sensory input to the olfactory bulb
Verhagen, J. V., Wesson, D. W., Netoff, T. I., White, J. A., & Wachowiak, M. (2007) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1892 · Cited by 381 · see citing works
Self-citation
Olfactory function in patients with Parkinson's disease
Ansari, K. A., & Johnson, A. (1975) · Journal of Chronic Diseases · doi:10.1016/0021-9681(75)90058-2 · Cited by 375 · see citing works
The Age of Olfactory Bulb Neurons in Humans
Bergmann, O., Liebl, J., Bernard, S., Alkass, K., Yeung, M. S. Y., Steier, P., Kutschera, W., Johnson, L., Landén, M., Druid, H., et al. (2012) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2012.03.030 · Cited by 373 · see citing works
Adult generation of glutamatergic olfactory bulb interneurons
Brill, M. S., Ninkovic, J., Winpenny, E. M., Hodge, R. D., Ozen, I., Yang, R., Lepier, A., Gascón, S., Erdélyi, F., Szabó, G., et al. (2009) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.2416 · Cited by 364 · see citing works
Early frontotemporal dementia targets neurons unique to apes and humans
Seeley, W. W., Carlin, D. A., Allman, J. M., Macedo, M. N., Bush, C., Miller, B. L., & DeArmond, S. J. (2006) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.21055 · Cited by 364 · see citing works
Adrenergic regulation of innate immunity: a review
Scanzano, A., & Cosentino, M. (2015) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2015.00171 · Cited by 360 · see citing works
Alzheimer’s pathogenesis: is there neuron-to-neuron propagation?
Braak, H., & Tredici, K. D. (2011) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-011-0825-z · Cited by 359 · see citing works
Oxytocin enhances social recognition by modulating cortical control of early olfactory processing
Oettl, L.-L., Ravi, N., Schneider, M., Scheller, M. F., Schneider, P., Mitre, M., da Silva Gouveia, M., Froemke, R. C., Chao, M. V., Young, W. S., et al. (2016) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2016.03.033 · Cited by 359 · see citing works
Odorant-Binding Proteins
Pelosi, P. (1994) · Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.3109/10409239409086801 · Cited by 358 · see citing works
Association and commissural fiber systems of the olfactory cortex of the rat II. Systems originating in the olfactory peduncle
Haberly, L. B., & Price, J. L. (1978) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.901810407 · Cited by 356 · see citing works
Olfaction in patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease
Djordjevic, J., Jones‐Gotman, M., Sousa, K. D., & Chertkow, H. M. (2007) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2006.11.014 · Cited by 354 · see citing works
The Concepts of the Ventral Striatopallidal System and Extended Amygdala
de Olmos, J. S., & Heimer, L. (1999) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb09258.x · Cited by 343 · see citing works
Olfactory bulb involvement in neurodegenerative diseases
Attems, J., Walker, L., & Jellinger, K. A. (2014) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-014-1261-7 · Cited by 341 · see citing works
Olfactory loss may be a first sign of idiopathic Parkinson's disease
Haehner, A., Hummel, T. R., Hummel, C., Sommer, U., Junghanns, S., & Reichmann, H. (2007) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.21413 · Cited by 333 · see citing works
Copper(II)-induced self-oligomerization of α-synuclein
Paik, S. R., Shin, H.-J., Lee, J., Chang, C., & Kim, J. (1999) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj3400821 · Cited by 332 · see citing works
Distribution of tau proteins in the normal human central and peripheral nervous system.
Trojanowski, J. Q., Schuck, T., Schmidt, M. L., & Lee, V. M. (1989) · Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry · doi:10.1177/37.2.2492045 · Cited by 329 · see citing works
Bilateral olfactory dysfunction in early stage treated and untreated idiopathic Parkinson's disease.
Doty, R. L., Stern, M. B., Pfeiffer, C., Gollomp, S. M., & Hurtig, H. I. (1992) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.55.2.138 · Cited by 329 · see citing works
Information coding in the rodent prefrontal cortex. I. Single-neuron activity in orbitofrontal cortex compared with that in pyriform cortex
Schoenbaum, G. M., & Eichenbaum, H. (1995) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.1995.74.2.733 · Cited by 329 · see citing works
Research in motion: the enigma of Parkinson's disease pathology spread
Brundin, P., Li, J., Holton, J. L., Lindvall, O., & Révész, T. (2008) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2477 · Cited by 328 · see citing works
Self-citation
Olfaction and Aging: A Mini-Review
Attems, J., Walker, L., & Jellinger, K. A. (2015) · Gerontology · doi:10.1159/000381619 · Cited by 324 · see citing works
Like prions: the propagation of aggregated tau and α-synuclein in neurodegeneration
Goedert, M., Masuda-Suzukake, M., & Falcon, B. (2017) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/aww230 · Cited by 323 · see citing works
Tau Hyperphosphorylation and Oxidative Stress, a Critical Vicious Circle in Neurodegenerative Tauopathies?
Naini, S. M. A., & Soussi‐Yanicostas, N. (2015) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2015/151979 · Cited by 318 · see citing works
A 100% increase of dopaminergic cells in the olfactory bulb may explain hyposmia in Parkinson's disease
Huisman, E., Uylings, H. B. M., & Hoogland, P. V. J. M. (2004) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.10713 · Cited by 314 · see citing works
Effects of ageing on smell and taste
Boyce, J., & Shone, G. (2006) · Postgraduate Medical Journal · doi:10.1136/pgmj.2005.039453 · Cited by 307 · see citing works
Parkinson's Disease: The Dual Hit Theory Revisited
Hawkes, C. H., Del Tredici, K., & Braak, H. (2009) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04365.x · Cited by 303 · see citing works
Neuroglia in neurodegeneration
Heneka, M. T., Rodriguez, J. J., & Verkhratsky, A. (2009) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2009.11.004 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
Coding and synaptic processing of sensory information in the glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb
Wachowiak, M., & Shipley, M. T. (2006) · Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2006.04.007 · Cited by 301 · see citing works
Immune-mediated Mechanisms in the Pathoprogression of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Zhao, W., Beers, D. R., & Appel, S. H. (2013) · Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s11481-013-9489-x · Cited by 298 · see citing works
Transneuronal regulation of tyrosine hydroxylase expression in olfactory bulb of mouse and rat
Baker, H. A., Kawano, T., Margolis, F. L., & Joh, T. (1983) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.03-01-00069.1983 · Cited by 297 · see citing works
Amygdala pathology in Parkinson's disease
Braak, H., Braak, E., Yilmazer‐Hanke, D., de Vos, R. A. I., Jansen, E. N. H., Böhl, J., & Jellinger, K. A. (1994) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/bf00296485 · Cited by 297 · see citing works
Uptake of metals in the brain via olfactory pathways.
Tjälve, H., & Henriksson, J. (1999) · PubMed · Cited by 291 · see citing works
Olfactory Dysfunction Correlates with Amyloid-β Burden in an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model
Wesson, D. W., Levy, E., Nixon, R. A., & Wilson, D. A. (2010) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4622-09.2010 · Cited by 290 · see citing works
Self-citation
Olfaction in neurodegenerative disorder
Hawkes, C. H. (2003) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.10379 · Cited by 290 · see citing works
The anterior olfactory nucleus in Parkinson's disease
Pearce, R. K. B., Hawkes, C. H., & Daniel, S. E. (1995) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.870100309 · Cited by 289 · see citing works
Viral parkinsonism
Jang, H., Boltz, D. A., Webster, R. G., & Smeyne, R. J. (2008) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2008.08.001 · Cited by 289 · see citing works
Severe olfactory dysfunction is a prodromal symptom of dementia associated with Parkinson's disease: a 3 year longitudinal study
Baba, T., Kikuchi, A., Hirayama, K., Nishio, Y., Hosokai, Y., Kanno, S., Hasegawa, T., Sugeno, N., Konno, M., Suzuki, K., et al. (2012) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awr321 · Cited by 284 · see citing works
A study of the relationships between Parkinson's disease and markers of traffic-derived and environmental manganese air pollution in two Canadian cities
Finkelstein, M. M., & Jerrett, M. (2007) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2007.03.002 · Cited by 280 · see citing works
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 and Other Pathogens are Key Causative Factors in Sporadic Alzheimer’s Disease
Harris, S. A., & Harris, E. A. (2015) · Journal of Alzheimer's Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-142853 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
The nature and course of olfactory deficits in Alzheimer's disease
Serby, M., Larson, P. E. Z., & Kalkstein, D. (1991) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.148.3.357 · Cited by 278 · see citing works
Local sites of activity-related glucose metabolism in rat olfactory bulb during olfactory stimulation
Sharp, F. R., Kauer, J. S., & Shepherd, G. M. (1975) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(75)90377-7 · Cited by 275 · see citing works
TDP-43 pathology and neuronal loss in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis spinal cord
Brettschneider, J., Arai, K., Tredici, K. D., Toledo, J. B., Robinson, J. L., Lee, E. B., Kuwabara, S., Shibuya, K., Irwin, D. J., Fang, L., et al. (2014) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-014-1299-6 · Cited by 271 · see citing works
Direct visualization of alpha-synuclein oligomers reveals previously undetected pathology in Parkinson’s disease brain
Roberts, R. F., Wade‐Martins, R., & Alegre‐Abarrategui, J. (2015) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awv040 · Cited by 271 · see citing works
Sparse Odor Coding in Awake Behaving Mice
Rinberg, D. A., Koulakov, A. A., & Gelperin, A. (2006) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0884-06.2006 · Cited by 269 · see citing works
The olfactory bulbs in Alzheimer's disease.
Esiri, M. M., & Wilcock, G. K. (1984) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.47.1.56 · Cited by 266 · see citing works
Neuronal hyperactivity--A key defect in Alzheimer’s disease?
Busche, M. A., & Konnerth, A. (2015) · BioEssays · doi:10.1002/bies.201500004 · Cited by 266 · see citing works
The Central Nervous System of Vertebrates
Swanson, G. J. (1998) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(98)01348-4 · Cited by 264 · see citing works
Spatial and temporal relationships between plaques and tangles in Alzheimer-pathology
Schönheit, B., Zarski, R., & Ohm, T. G. (2004) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2003.09.009 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein‐1: a serial clearance homeostatic mechanism controlling Alzheimer’s amyloid β‐peptide elimination from the brain
Zlokovic, B. V., Deane, R., Sagare, A. P., Bell, R. D., & Winkler, E. A. (2010) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.07002.x · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Use of Hippocampal and Amygdalar Volumes on Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Predict Dementia in Cognitively Intact Elderly People
den Heijer, T., Geerlings, M. I., Hoebeek, F. E., Albert Hofman, D., Koudstaal, P. J., & Breteler, M. M. B. (2006) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.63.1.57 · Cited by 257 · see citing works
Adult neurogenesis in Humans
Bergmann, O., Spalding, K. L., & Frisén, J. (2015) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a018994 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Glutamate release from activated microglia requires the oxidative burst and lipid peroxidation
Barger, S. W., Goodwin, M. E., Porter, M. M., & Beggs, M. L. (2007) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04487.x · Cited by 255 · see citing works
Where, when, and in what form does sporadic Alzheimerʼs disease begin?
Braak, H., & Tredici, K. D. (2012) · Current Opinion in Neurology · doi:10.1097/wco.0b013e32835a3432 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
The effect of Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease on olfaction: A meta-analysis
Rahayel, S., Frasnelli, J., & Joubert, S. (2012) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2012.02.047 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
MAPT expression and splicing is differentially regulated by brain region: relation to genotype and implication for tauopathies
Trabzuni, D., Wray, S., Vandrovcova, J., Ramasamy, A., Walker, R., Smith, C., Luk, C., Gibbs, J. R., Dillman, A., Hernandez, D. G., et al. (2012) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/dds238 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Clinicopathological study of 35 cases of multiple system atrophy.
Wenning, G. K., Ben‐Shlomo, Y., Magalhaes, M., Daniel, S. E., & Quinn, N. P. (1995) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.58.2.160 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Temporal Dynamics and Latency Patterns of Receptor Neuron Input to the Olfactory Bulb
Spors, H., Wachowiak, M., Cohen, L. B., & Friedrich, R. W. (2006) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3100-05.2006 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Alphaherpesvirinae and Gammaherpesvirinae glycoprotein L and CMV UL130 originate from chemokines
Malkowska, M., Kokoszynska, K., Dymecka, M., Rychlewski, L., & Wyrwicz, L. S. (2013) · Virology Journal · doi:10.1186/1743-422x-10-1 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Distinct patterns of olfactory impairment in Alzheimer's disease, semantic dementia, frontotemporal dementia, and corticobasal degeneration
Luzzi, S., Snowden, J. S., Neary, D., Coccia, M., Provinciali, L., & Ralph, M. A. L. (2006) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.12.008 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
External Tufted Cells: A Major Excitatory Element That Coordinates Glomerular Activity
Hayar, A. M., Karnup, S. V., Ennis, M. J., & Shipley, M. T. (2004) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1367-04.2004 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Olfactory bulb α-synucleinopathy has high specificity and sensitivity for Lewy body disorders
Beach, T. G., White, C. L., Hladik, C. L., Sabbagh, M. N., Connor, D. J., Shill, H. A., Sue, L. I., Sasse, J., Bachalakuri, J., Henry-Watson, J., et al. (2008) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-008-0450-7 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Inflammation and α-Synuclein’s Prion-like Behavior in Parkinson's Disease—Is There a Link?
Tomé, C. M. L., Tyson, T., Rey, N. L., Grathwohl, S. A., Britschgi, M., & Brundin, P. (2012) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-012-8267-8 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Self-citation
Habituation of Odor Responses in the Rat Anterior Piriform Cortex
Wilson, D. A. (1998) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.1998.79.3.1425 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Amyloid beta peptides and glutamatergic synaptic dysregulation
Parameshwaran, K., Dhanasekaran, M., & Suppiramaniam, V. D. (2007) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2007.10.008 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Olfactory function in atypical parkinsonian syndromes
Wenning, G. K., Shephard, B. C., Hawkes, C. H., Petruckevitch, A., Lees, A. J., & Quinn, N. P. (1995) · Acta Neurologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1995.tb06998.x · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Huntington Disease
Dayalu, P., & Albin, R. L. (2014) · Neurologic Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2014.09.003 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Mechanisms of Protein Seeding in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Walker, L. C., Diamond, M. I., Duff, K. E., & Hyman, B. T. (2013) · JAMA Neurology · doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.1453 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Redox signalling directly regulates TDP‐43 via cysteine oxidation and disulphide cross‐linking
Cohen, T. J., Hwang, A. W., Unger, T. L., Trojanowski, J. Q., & Lee, V. M. ‐. (2011) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1038/emboj.2011.471 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
A field guide to the anterior olfactory nucleus (cortex)
Brunjes, P. C., Illig, K. R., & Meyer, E. A. (2005) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2005.08.005 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Olfactory Impairment in Presymptomatic Alzheimer's Disease
Wilson, R. S., Arnold, S. E., Schneider, J. A., Boyle, P. A., Buchman, A. S., & Bennett, D. A. (2009) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04013.x · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Noradrenergic regulation of inflammatory gene expression in brain
Feinstein, D. L., Heneka, M. T., Gavrilyuk, V., Russo, C. D., Weinberg, G. L., & Galea, E. (2002) · Neurochemistry International · doi:10.1016/s0197-0186(02)00049-9 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Olfactory centres in Alzheimer's disease: olfactory bulb is involved in early Braak's stages
Kovács, T., Cairns, N. J., & Lantos, P. L. (2001) · Neuroreport · doi:10.1097/00001756-200102120-00021 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Cross-Seeding of Misfolded Proteins: Implications for Etiology and Pathogenesis of Protein Misfolding Diseases
Morales, R., Moreno‐González, I., & Soto, C. A. (2013) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003537 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Alpha-Synuclein Expression Restricts RNA Viral Infections in the Brain
Beatman, E. L., Massey, A. R., Shives, K. D., Burrack, K. S., Chamanian, M., Morrison, T. E., & Beckham, J. D. (2015) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.02949-15 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Olfactory Bulb
Shepherd, G. M., Chen, W. R., & Greer, C. A. (2004) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195159561.003.0005 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Demographic and Cognitive Predictors of Cued Odor Identification: Evidence from a Population-based Study
Larsson, M. U. (2004) · Chemical Senses · doi:10.1093/chemse/bjh059 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
CYP2D6 polymorphism, pesticide exposure, and Parkinson's disease
Elbaz, A., Lévecque, C., Clavel, J., Vidal, J., Richard, F., Amouyel, P., Alpérovitch, A., Chartier‐Harlin, M., & Tzourio, C. (2004) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.20051 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Inflammation Induced by Infection Potentiates Tau Pathological Features in Transgenic Mice
Sy, M., Kitazawa, M., Medeiros, R., Whitman, L., Cheng, D., Lane, T. E., & LaFerla, F. M. (2011) · The American Journal of Pathology · doi:10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.02.012 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Sniffing out the contributions of the olfactory tubercle to the sense of smell: Hedonics, sensory integration, and more?
Wesson, D. W., & Wilson, D. A. (2010) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.08.004 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
Self-citation
Evaluation of olfactory dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases
Barresi, M., Ciurleo, R., Giacoppo, S., Cuzzola, V. F., Celi, D., Bramanti, P., & Marino, S. (2012) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jns.2012.08.028 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Mitral and Tufted Cells Differ in the Decoding Manner of Odor Maps in the Rat Olfactory Bulb
Nagayama, S., Takahashi, Y. K., Yoshihara, Y., & Mori, K. (2004) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.01266.2003 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Speculations on the Substrate Structure-Activity Relationship (SSAR) of cytochrome P450 enzymes
Smith, D. A., & Jones, B. (1992) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/0006-2952(92)90333-e · Cited by 203 · see citing works
NERVE FIBRE DEGENERATION IN THE BRAIN IN AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS
Smith, M. C. (1960) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.23.4.269 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Early neurone loss in Alzheimer’s disease: cortical or subcortical?
Arendt, T., Brückner, M. K., Morawski, M., Jäger, C., & Gertz, H. (2015) · Acta Neuropathologica Communications · doi:10.1186/s40478-015-0187-1 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
The Spectrum of Parkinsonian Manifestations Associated With Glucocerebrosidase Mutations
Göker-Alpan, Ö., Lopez, G. J., Vithayathil, J., Davis, J., Hallett, M., & Sidransky, E. (2008) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.65.10.1353 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Synergistic Effects of Pesticides and Metals on the Fibrillation of α-Synuclein: Implications for Parkinson’s Disease
Uversky, V. N., Li, J., Bower, K. S., & Fink, A. L. (2002) · NeuroToxicology · doi:10.1016/s0161-813x(02)00067-0 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
A further update on the role of excitotoxicity in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease
Ambrosi, G., Cerri, S., & Blandini, F. (2014) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-013-1149-z · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Association of olfactory dysfunction with incidental Lewy bodies
Ross, G. W., Abbott, R. D., Petrovitch, H., Tanner, C. M., Davis, D. G., Nelson, J. R., Markesbery, W. R., Hardman, J. M., Masaki, K., Launer, L. J., et al. (2006) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.21076 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Tau protein: Relevance to Parkinson's disease
Lei, P., Ayton, S., Finkelstein, D. I., Adlard, P. A., Masters, C. L., & Bush, A. I. (2010) · The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2010.07.016 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Olfactory bulb changes in Alzheimer's disease
Ohm, T. G., & Braak, H. (1987) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/bf00688261 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Oxidative post‐translational modifications of α‐synuclein in the 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model of Parkinson's disease
Przedborski, S., Chen, Q., Vila, M., Giasson, B. I., Djaldatti, R., Vukosavić, S., Souza, J. M., Jackson-Lewis, V. R., Lee, V. M. ‐., & Ischiropoulos, H. (2001) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00174.x · Cited by 190 · see citing works
Neuron loss from the hippocampus of Alzheimer's disease exceeds extracellular neurofibrillary tangle formation
Kril, J., Patel, S., Harding, A., & Halliday, G. (2002) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-001-0477-5 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
Nasal Mucociliary Clearance Under Various Conditions
Sakakura, Y., Ukai, K., Majima, Y., Murai, S., Harada, T., & Miyoshi, Y. (1983) · Acta Oto-Laryngologica · doi:10.3109/00016488309132888 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
Olfactory Testing as an Aid in the Diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease: Development of Optimal Discrimination Criteria
Doty, R. L., Bromley, S. M., & Stern, M. B. (1995) · Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1006/neur.1995.0011 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Oxidative stress and the prion protein in transmissible spongiform encephalopathies
Milhavet, O. (2002) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0165-0173(01)00150-3 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Early Olfactory Involvement in Alzheimer’s Disease
Christen‐Zaech, S., Kraftsik, R., Pillevuit, O., Kiraly, M., Martins, R. N., Khalili, K., & Judith Miklossy, A. (2003) · Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques · doi:10.1017/s0317167100002389 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Lewy pathology and neurodegeneration in premotor Parkinson's disease
Tredici, K. D., & Braak, H. (2012) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.24921 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Odor identification as an early marker for Alzheimer's disease: Impact of lexical functioning and detection sensitivity
Morgan, C. D., Nordin, S., & Murphy, C. A. (1995) · Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/01688639508405168 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Elementary Response of Olfactory Receptor Neurons to Odorants
Bhandawat, V., Reisert, J., & Yau, K. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1109886 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
The Heterogeneity of Adult Neural Stem Cells and the Emerging Complexity of Their NichePreprint
Álvarez-Buylla, A., Kohwi, M., Nguyen, T. M., & Merkle, F. T. (2008) · Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology · doi:10.1101/sqb.2008.73.019 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Poor and protracted myelination as a contributory factor to neurodegenerative disorders
Braak, H., & Tredici, K. D. (2003) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2003.04.001 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Basal ganglia involvement in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Bede, P., Elamin, M., Byrne, S., McLaughlin, R. L., Kenna, K. P., Vajda, A., Pender, N. P., Bradley, D. G., & Hardiman, O. M. (2013) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000437313.80913.2c · Cited by 177 · see citing works

Flagged first, then by citations

8 of the 519 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 1

Del Tredici K Braak H 2014 Idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease: Staging an α-Synucleinopathy with a Predictable Pathoanatomy [WWW Document] NCBI Bookshelf (URL http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK6077/ (accessed 10.21.14))

Sorted by citations

Inflammation in Parkinson’s Disease: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications
Pajares, M., I. Rojo, A., Manda, G., Boscá, L., & Cuadrado, A. (2020) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells9071687 · Cited by 779 · see citing works
Brain-First versus Gut-First Parkinson’s Disease: A Hypothesis
Borghammer, P., & Van Den Berge, N. (2019) · Journal of Parkinson’s Disease · doi:10.3233/jpd-191721 · Cited by 419 · see citing works
α-Synuclein transfer between neurons and astrocytes indicates that astrocytes play a role in degradation rather than in spreading
Loría, F., Vargas, J., Bousset, L., Syan, S., Salles, A., Melki, R., & Zurzolo, C. (2017) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-017-1746-2 · Cited by 278 · see citing works
Prying into the Prion Hypothesis for Parkinson's Disease
Brundin, P., & Melki, R. (2017) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1788-16.2017 · Cited by 274 · see citing works
Self-citation
Olfactory Dysfunction in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Marı́n, C., Vilas, D., Langdon, C., Alobid, I., López‐Chacon, M., Haehner, A., Hummel, T. R., & Mullol, J. (2018) · Current Allergy and Asthma Reports · doi:10.1007/s11882-018-0796-4 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
Motor and non-motor circuit disturbances in early Parkinson disease: which happens first?
Blesa, J., Foffani, G., Dehay, B., Bezard, E., & Obeso, J. A. (2022) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41583-021-00542-9 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Therapeutic approaches to target alpha-synuclein pathology
Brundin, P., Dave, K. D., & Kordower, J. H. (2017) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.10.003 · Cited by 242 · see citing works
Self-citation
Olfactory dysfunction in aging and neurodegenerative diseases
Dan, X., Wechter, N., Gray, S., Mohanty, J. G., Croteau, D. L., & Bohr, V. A. (2021) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2021.101416 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Spread of aggregates after olfactory bulb injection of α-synuclein fibrils is associated with early neuronal loss and is reduced long term
Rey, N. L., George, S., Steiner, J. A., Madaj, Z., Luk, K. C., Trojanowski, J. Q., Lee, V. M.-Y., & Brundin, P. (2018) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-017-1792-9 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Self-citation
Reverse engineering Lewy bodies: how far have we come and how far can we go?
Fares, M. B., Jagannath, S., & Lashuel, H. A. (2021) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41583-020-00416-6 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Outside in: Unraveling the Role of Neuroinflammation in the Progression of Parkinson's Disease
Troncoso-Escudero, P., Parra, A., Nassif, M., & Vidal, R. L. (2018) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2018.00860 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
The concept of alpha-synuclein as a prion-like protein: ten years after
Steiner, J. A., Quansah, E., & Brundin, P. (2018) · Cell and Tissue Research · doi:10.1007/s00441-018-2814-1 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Self-citation
Alpha-synuclein seeds in olfactory mucosa of patients with isolated REM sleep behaviour disorder
Stefani, A., Iranzo, Á., Holzknecht, E., Perra, D., Bongianni, M., Gaig, C., Heim, B., Serradell, M., Sacchetto, L., Garrido, A., et al. (2021) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awab005 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Targeted Therapies for Parkinson's Disease: From Genetics to the Clinic
Sardi, S. P., Cedarbaum, J. M., & Brundin, P. (2018) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.27414 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Self-citation
Impact of the COVID ‐19 Pandemic on Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders
Papa, S. M., Brundin, P., Fung, V. S. C., Kang, U. J., Burn, D. J., Colosimo, C., Chiang, H., Alcalay, R. N., & Trenkwalder, C. (2020) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.28067 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Self-citation
Hyperactivation of P2X7 receptors as a culprit of COVID-19 neuropathology
Ribeiro, D. E., Oliveira-Giacomelli, Á., Glaser, T., Arnaud-Sampaio, V. F., Andrejew, R., Dieckmann, L., Baranova, J., Lameu, C., Ratajczak, M. Z., & Ulrich, H. (2021) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-020-00965-3 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
α-Synuclein fibrils subvert lysosome structure and function for the propagation of protein misfolding between cells through tunneling nanotubes
Dilsizoglu Senol, A., Samarani, M., Syan, S., Guardia, C. M., Nonaka, T., Liv, N., Latour-Lambert, P., Hasegawa, M., Klumperman, J., Bonifacino, J. S., et al. (2021) · PLOS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3001287 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
How does parkinson's disease begin? Perspectives on neuroanatomical pathways, prions, and histology
Borghammer, P. (2017) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.27138 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
CNS implications of COVID-19: a comprehensive review
Nagu, P., Parashar, A., Behl, T., & Mehta, V. (2020) · Reviews in the Neurosciences · doi:10.1515/revneuro-2020-0070 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Neurons, Nose, and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Olfactory Function and Cognitive Impairment
Fatuzzo, I., Niccolini, G. F., Zoccali, F., Cavalcanti, L., Bellizzi, M. G., Riccardi, G., VINCENTIIS, M. D., Fiore, M., Petrella, C., Minni, A., et al. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24032117 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Prion-Like Mechanisms in Parkinson’s Disease
Ma, J., Gao, J., Wang, J., & Xie, A. (2019) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00552 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
The human olfactory system in two proteinopathies: Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases
Úbeda‐Bañón, I., Saiz‐Sánchez, D., Flores‐Cuadrado, A., Corroto, E. R., González-Rodríguez, M., Villar‐Conde, S., Astillero‐Lopez, V., Cabello, J. P., Gallardo‐Alcañiz, M. J., Vaamonde‐Gamo, J., et al. (2020) · Translational Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s40035-020-00200-7 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
A Self-Assembled α-Synuclein Nanoscavenger for Parkinson’s Disease
Liu, J., Liu, C., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., Liu, K., Song, J., Sreenivasmurthy, S. G., Wang, Z., Shi, Y., Chu, C., et al. (2020) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/acsnano.9b06453 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Lipopolysaccharide animal models of Parkinson’s disease: Recent progress and relevance to clinical disease
Deng, I. B., Corrigan, F., Zhai, G., Zhou, X., & Bobrovskaya, L. (2020) · Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health · doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100060 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Invited Review: From nose to gut – the role of the microbiome in neurological disease
Bell, J. S., Spencer, J. I., Yates, R. L., Yee, S. A., Jacobs, B. M., & DeLuca, G. C. (2018) · Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology · doi:10.1111/nan.12520 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Neural connectivity predicts spreading of alpha-synuclein pathology in fibril-injected mouse models: Involvement of retrograde and anterograde axonal propagation
Mezias, C., Rey, N. L., Brundin, P., & Raj, A. (2019) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104623 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Self-citation
Prion-like propagation of pathology in Parkinson disease
Volpicelli‐Daley, L. A., & Brundin, P. (2018) · Handbook of clinical neurology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-63945-5.00017-9 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Self-citation
Living in Promiscuity: The Multiple Partners of Alpha-Synuclein at the Synapse in Physiology and Pathology
Longhena, F., Faustini, G., Spillantini, M. G., & Bellucci, A. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms20010141 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Alpha-Synuclein in Peripheral Tissues in Parkinson’s Disease
Ma, L., Liu, G.-L., Wang, D., Zhang, M., Kou, W., & Feng, T. (2019) · ACS Chemical Neuroscience · doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00383 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
A ventral glomerular deficit in Parkinson’s disease revealed by whole olfactory bulb reconstruction
Zapiec, B., Dieriks, B. V., Tan, S., Faull, R. L. M., Mombaerts, P., & Curtis, M. A. (2017) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awx208 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Olfactory Dysfunction as a Global Biomarker for Sniffing out Alzheimer’s Disease: A Meta-Analysis
Kotecha, A., Corrêa, A., Fisher, K., & Rushworth, J. V. (2018) · Biosensors · doi:10.3390/bios8020041 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Chronic MPTP administration regimen in monkeys: a model of dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic cell loss in Parkinson’s disease
Masilamoni, G. J., & Smith, Y. (2017) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-017-1774-z · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Parkinson's Disease: A Comprehensive Analysis of Fungi and Bacteria in Brain Tissue
Pisa, D., Alonso, R., & Carrasco, L. (2020) · International Journal of Biological Sciences · doi:10.7150/ijbs.42257 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Re-thinking the Etiological Framework of Neurodegeneration
Castillo, X., Castro‐Obregón, S., Gutiérrez-Becker, B., Gutiérrez‐Ospina, G., Karalis, N., Khalil, A. A., López‐Noguerola, J. S., Rodríguez, L. L., Martínez‐Martínez, E., Perez‐Cruz, C., et al. (2019) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00728 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Olfactory neuropathology in Alzheimer's disease: a sign of ongoing neurodegeneration
Son, G., Jahanshahi, A., Yoo, S., Boonstra, J. T., Hopkins, D. A., Steinbusch, H. W. M., & Moon, C. (2021) · BMB Reports · doi:10.5483/bmbrep.2021.54.6.055 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Olfactory dysfunction in the pathophysiological continuum of dementia
Bathini, P., Brai, E., & Auber, L. A. (2019) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2019.100956 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
COVID-19: dealing with a potential risk factor for chronic neurological disorders
Schirinzi, T., Landi, D., & Liguori, C. (2020) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-020-10131-y · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Can infections trigger alpha-synucleinopathies?
Tulisiak, C. T., Mercado, G., Peelaerts, W., Brundin, L., & Brundin, P. (2019) · Progress in molecular biology and translational science · doi:10.1016/bs.pmbts.2019.06.002 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Self-citation
Heterogeneity in Regional Damage Detected by Neuroimaging and Neuropathological Studies in Older Adults With COVID-19: A Cognitive-Neuroscience Systematic Review to Inform the Long-Term Impact of the Virus on Neurocognitive Trajectories
Manca, R., Marco, M. D., Ince, P. G., & Venneri, A. (2021) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2021.646908 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Recent advances in the pathology of prodromal non-motor symptoms olfactory deficit and depression in Parkinson’s disease: clues to early diagnosis and effective treatment
Bang, Y., Lim, J., & Choi, H. J. (2021) · Archives of Pharmacal Research · doi:10.1007/s12272-021-01337-3 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Animal models for preclinical Parkinson's research: An update and critical appraisal
Cenci, M. A., & Björklund, A. (2020) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.02.003 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Alpha-synucleinopathies
Alafuzoff, I. I., & Hartikainen, P. H. (2017) · Handbook of clinical neurology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-802395-2.00024-9 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Loss of Olfactory Function—Early Indicator for Covid-19, Other Viral Infections and Neurodegenerative Disorders
Rebholz, H., Braun, R. J., Ladage, D., Knoll, W., Kleber, C., & Hassel, A. W. (2020) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.569333 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
IL‐1β/IL‐1R1 signaling induced by intranasal lipopolysaccharide infusion regulates alpha‐Synuclein pathology in the olfactory bulb, substantia nigra and striatum
Niu, H., Wang, Q., Zhao, W., Liu, J., Wang, D., Muhammad, B., Liu, X., Quan, N., Zhang, H., Zhang, F., et al. (2020) · Brain Pathology · doi:10.1111/bpa.12886 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Exploring the Paradox of COVID‐19 in Neurological Complications with Emphasis on Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s Disease
Nand, S., Tiwari, N. K., Singh, P., Singh, S. P., Mishra, D., Imran, M., Singh, S., Hooshmandi, E., Vamanu, E., Singh, S. K., et al. (2022) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2022/3012778 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Holocranohistochemistry enables the visualization of α-synuclein expression in the murine olfactory system and discovery of its systemic anti-microbial effects
Tomlinson, J. J., Shutinoski, B., Dong, L. M., Meng, F., Elleithy, D., Lengacher, N. A., Nguyen, A., Cron, G. O., Jiang, Q., Roberson, E. D., et al. (2017) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-017-1726-7 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Much ado about nothing? Off-target amplification can lead to false-positive bacterial brain microbiome detection in healthy and Parkinson’s disease individuals
Bedarf, J. R., Beraza, N., Khazneh, H., Özkurt, E., Baker, D., Borger, V., Wüllner, U., & Hildebrand, F. (2021) · Microbiome · doi:10.1186/s40168-021-01012-1 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Alpha-Synuclein to the Rescue: Immune Cell Recruitment by Alpha-Synuclein during Gastrointestinal Infection
Labrie, V., & Brundin, P. (2017) · Journal of Innate Immunity · doi:10.1159/000479653 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Self-citation
The Use of Antimicrobial and Antiviral Drugs in Alzheimer’s Disease
Iqbal, U., Zeng, E., & Pasinetti, G. M. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21144920 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Neuropathology and pathogenesis of extrapyramidal movement disorders: a critical update—I. Hypokinetic-rigid movement disorders
Jellinger, K. A. (2019) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-019-02028-6 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
α-Synuclein aggregation in the olfactory bulb induces olfactory deficits by perturbing granule cells and granular–mitral synaptic transmission
Chen, F., Liu, W., Liu, P., Wang, Z., Zhou, Y., Liu, X., & Li, A. (2021) · npj Parkinson s Disease · doi:10.1038/s41531-021-00259-7 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Impact of the COVID ‐19 Pandemic on Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders
Papa, S. M., Brundin, P., Fung, V. S. C., Kang, U. J., Burn, D. J., Colosimo, C., Chiang, H., Alcalay, R. N., & Trenkwalder, C. (2020) · Movement Disorders Clinical Practice · doi:10.1002/mdc3.12953 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Self-citation
COVID-19 and olfactory dysfunction: a looming wave of dementia?
Kay, L. M. (2022) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00255.2022 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Drp1, a potential therapeutic target for Parkinson’s disease, is involved in olfactory bulb pathological alteration in the Rotenone-induced rat model
Zhang, X., Huang, W., 邵千航, Yang, Y., Xu, Z., Chen, J., Zhang, X., & Ge, X. (2020) · Toxicology Letters · doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.02.009 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Neurodegeneration-Associated Proteins in Human Olfactory Neurons Collected by Nasal Brushing
Brozzetti, L., Sacchetto, L., Cecchini, M. P., Avesani, A., Perra, D., Bongianni, M., Portioli, C., Scupoli, M. T., Ghetti, B. F., Monaco, S., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.00145 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
The Olfactory System as Marker of Neurodegeneration in Aging, Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Bhatia‐Dey, N., & Heinbockel, T. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18136976 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Alzheimer’s Disease: What Can We Learn From the Peripheral Olfactory System?
Dibattista, M., Pifferi, S., Menini, A., & Reisert, J. (2020) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.00440 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Olfactory bulb microglia activation mediated neuronal death in real-ambient particulate matter exposure mice with depression-like behaviors
Ji, X., Liu, R., Guo, J., Li, Y., Cheng, W., Pang, Y., Zheng, Y., Zhang, R., & Tang, J. (2022) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153456 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Alpha-Synuclein and Cognitive Decline in Parkinson Disease
Fan, T.-S., Liu, S. C.-H., & Wu, R. (2021) · Life · doi:10.3390/life11111239 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Environmental triggers of Parkinson's disease – Implications of the Braak and dual-hit hypotheses
Chen, H., Wang, K., Scheperjans, F., & Killinger, B. A. (2021) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105601 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Implementation of Telemedicine for Urgent and Ongoing Healthcare for Patients with Parkinson’s Disease During the COVID-19 Pandemic: New Expectations for the Future
Cubo, E., on behalf of the MDS-Telemedicine Study Group, Hassan, A., Bloem, B. R., & Mari, Z. K. (2020) · Journal of Parkinson s Disease · doi:10.3233/jpd-202108 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Sensory Involvement in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Rubio, M. Á., Herrando‐Grabulosa, M., & Navarro, X. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms232415521 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
The unfolded protein response is activated in the olfactory system in Alzheimer’s disease
Murray, H. C., Dieriks, B. V., Swanson, M. E. V., Anekal, P. V., Turner, C. P., Faull, R. L. M., Belluscio, L., Koretsky, A. P., & Curtis, M. A. (2020) · Acta Neuropathologica Communications · doi:10.1186/s40478-020-00986-7 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Comparison of biospecimens for α‐synuclein seed amplification assays in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis
Zheng, Y., Li, S., Chen, Y., Yu, Z., Jiang, Y., & Feng, T. (2023) · European Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1111/ene.16041 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Intranasal glyphosate-based herbicide administration alters the redox balance and the cholinergic system in the mouse brain
Gallegos, C. E., Bartos, M., Gumilar, F., Raisman‐Vozari, R., Minetti, A., & Baier, C. J. (2020) · NeuroToxicology · doi:10.1016/j.neuro.2020.01.007 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Sensory Loss and Risk of Dementia
Lad, M., Sedley, W., & Griffiths, T. D. (2022) · The Neuroscientist · doi:10.1177/10738584221126090 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
The Potential Role of SARS-COV-2 in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease
Chaná‐Cuevas, P., Salles, P. A., Rojas‐Fernández, A., Salinas-Rebolledo, C., & Milán, A. (2020) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.01044 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Olfactory dysfunction and its related molecular mechanisms in Parkinson’s disease
Gu, Y., Zhang, J., Zhao, X., Nie, W., Xu, X., Liu, M., & Zhang, X. (2023) · Neural Regeneration Research · doi:10.4103/1673-5374.380875 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Repeated gestational exposure to diesel engine exhaust affects the fetal olfactory system and alters olfactory-based behavior in rabbit offspring
Bernal-Meléndez, E., Lacroix, M.-C., Krémarik, P., Callebert, J., Olivier, B., Persuy, M., Durieux, D., Rousseau‐Ralliard, D., Aı̈oun, J., Cassee, F. R., et al. (2019) · Particle and Fibre Toxicology · doi:10.1186/s12989-018-0288-7 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Repurposing ibuprofen-loaded microemulsion for the management of Alzheimer’s disease: evidence of potential intranasal brain targeting
Wen, M. M., Ismail, N. I. K., Nasra, M. M. A., & El-Kamel, A. H. (2021) · Drug Delivery · doi:10.1080/10717544.2021.1937383 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Changes of olfactory tract in Parkinson’s disease: a DTI tractography study
Nigro, P., Chiappiniello, A., Simoni, S., Paoletti, F. P., Cappelletti, G., Chiarini, P., Filidei, M., Eusebi, P., Guercini, G., Santangelo, V., et al. (2020) · Neuroradiology · doi:10.1007/s00234-020-02551-4 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Lung endothelium, tau, and amyloids in health and disease
Balczon, R., Lin, M. T., Voth, S. B., Nelson, A. R., Schupp, J. C., Wagener, B. M., Pittet, J., & Stevens, T. (2023) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00006.2023 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
A secret that underlies Parkinson's disease: The damaging cycle
Sun, F., Deng, Y., Han, X., Liu, Q., Zhang, P., Manzoor, R., & Ma, H. (2019) · Neurochemistry International · doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2019.104484 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
De Novo Movement Disorders and COVID ‐19: Exploring the Interface
Ghosh, R., Biswas, U., Roy, D., Pandit, A., Lahiri, D., Ray, B. K., & Benito‐León, J. (2021) · Movement Disorders Clinical Practice · doi:10.1002/mdc3.13224 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Predictors of response to acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in dementia: A systematic review
Pozzi, F. E., Conti, E., Appollonio, I., Ferrarese, C., & Tremolizzo, L. (2022) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2022.998224 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Low-dose inhalation exposure to trichloroethylene induces dopaminergic neurodegeneration in rodents
Adamson, A. B., Ilieva, N. M., Stone, W. J., & Miranda, B. R. D. (2023) · Toxicological Sciences · doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfad090 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Vesicular Dysfunction and the Pathogenesis of Parkinson’s Disease: Clues From Genetic Studies
Ebanks, K., Lewis, P. A., & Bandopadhyay, R. (2020) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.01381 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Olfactory Neuron Prokineticin‐2 as a Potential Target in Parkinson's Disease
Schirinzi, T., Maftei, D., Passàli, F. M., Grillo, P., Zenuni, H., Mascioli, D., Maurizi, R., Loccisano, L., Vincenzi, M., Rinaldi, A. M., et al. (2022) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.26526 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Clinical, Structural, and Neuropathological Features of Olfactory Dysfunction in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease
Lian, T., Zhu, W., Li, S., Liu, Y., Guo, P. F., Zuo, L.-J., Hu, Y., Yu, S., Li, L., Jin, Z. Y., et al. (2019) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-181217 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Neurochemical organization of the ventral striatum’s olfactory tubercle
Cansler, H. L., Wright, K. N., Stetzik, L. A., & Wesson, D. W. (2019) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.14919 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Self-citation
COVID-19 and Parkinson’s disease: Defects in neurogenesis as the potential cause of olfactory system impairments and anosmia
Rethinavel, H. S., Ravichandran, S., Radhakrishnan, R. K., & Kandasamy, M. (2021) · Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy · doi:10.1016/j.jchemneu.2021.101965 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Lamina-specific immunohistochemical signatures in the olfactory bulb of healthy, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease patients
Murray, H. C., Johnson, K. R., Sedlock, A. B., Highet, B., Dieriks, B. V., Anekal, P. V., Faull, R. L. M., Curtis, M. A., Koretsky, A. P., & Maric, D. (2022) · Communications Biology · doi:10.1038/s42003-022-03032-5 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Distribution of phosphorylated alpha-synuclein in non-diseased brain implicates olfactory bulb mitral cells in synucleinopathy pathogenesis
Killinger, B. A., Mercado, G., Choi, S. G., Tittle, T., Chu, Y., Brundin, P., & Kordower, J. H. (2023) · npj Parkinson s Disease · doi:10.1038/s41531-023-00491-3 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citation
Progressive modulation of the human olfactory bulb transcriptome during Alzheimer´s disease evolution: novel insights into the olfactory signaling across proteinopathies
Lachén‐Montes, M., Zelaya, M. V., Segura, V., Fernández‐Irigoyen, J., & Santamaría, E. (2017) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.18193 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Alteration of Diffusion-Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measures in Brain Regions Involved in Early Stages of Parkinson's Disease
Chen, N., Chou, Y., Sundman, M., Hickey, P., Kasoff, W. S., Bernstein, A. S., Trouard, T. P., Lin, T. P., Rapcsak, S. Z., Sherman, S. J., et al. (2018) · Brain Connectivity · doi:10.1089/brain.2017.0558 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
A potential biomarker of preclinical Alzheimer’s disease: The olfactory dysfunction and its pathogenesis-based neural circuitry impairments
Yan, Y., Aierken, A., Wang, C., Song, D. F., Ni, J., Wang, Z., Quan, Z., & Qing, H. (2021) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.11.009 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Molecular and Genetic Factors Involved in Olfactory and Gustatory Deficits and Associations with Microbiota in Parkinson’s Disease
Melis, M., Haehner, A., Mastinu, M., Hummel, T. R., & Barbarossa, I. T. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22084286 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Environmental exposure to phthalates and dementia with Lewy bodies: contribution of metabolomics
Agin, A., Blanc, F., Bousiges, O., Villette, C., Philippi, N., Demuynck, C., Martin‐Hunyadi, C., Cretin, B., Lang, S., Zumsteg, J., et al. (2020) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp-2020-322815 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Role for S1P/S1P Receptor Signaling in the Nervous System?
Meacci, E., Garcia‐Gil, M., & Pierucci, F. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21186773 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Olfactory impairment and the risk of cognitive decline and dementia in older adults: a meta-analysis
Chen, Z., Xie, H., Yao, L., & Wei, Y. (2020) · Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology · doi:10.1016/j.bjorl.2020.07.009 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
The interplay between aging‐associated loss of protein homeostasis and extracellular vesicles in neurodegeneration
Guix, F. X. (2019) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.24526 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Radon Exposure and Neurodegenerative Disease
Gómez-Anca, S., & Barros-Dios, J. M. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17207439 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Association of Odor Identification Ability With Amyloid-β and Tau Burden: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Tu, L., Lv, X., Fan, Z., Zhang, M., Wang, H., & Yu, X. (2020) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.586330 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Olfactory Dysfunction in Huntington’s Disease
Patiño, J., Karagas, N. E., Chandra, S., Thakur, N., & Furr-Stimming, E. E. (2021) · Journal of Huntington s Disease · doi:10.3233/jhd-210497 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Olfactory bulb surroundings can help to distinguish Parkinson’s disease from non-parkinsonian olfactory dysfunction
Tremblay, C., Mei, J., & Frasnelli, J. (2020) · NeuroImage Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102457 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Olfactory Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease, Its Functional and Neuroanatomical Correlates
Torres-Pasillas, G., Chi-Castañeda, D., Castilla, P. C., Marín, G., Hernández‐Aguilar, M. E., Aranda-Abreu, G. E., Manzo, J. G., & García, L. I. (2023) · NeuroSci · doi:10.3390/neurosci4020013 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
The anterior olfactory nucleus revisited – An emerging role for neuropathological conditions?
Brunert, D., Quintela, R. M., & Rothermel, M. (2023) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2023.102486 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
New Insights into Immune-Mediated Mechanisms in Parkinson’s Disease
Tan, J. S. Y., Chao, Y., Rötzschke, O., & Tan, E. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21239302 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
SNAP25 is a potential target for early stage Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease
Wang, Q., Tao, S., Xing, L., Liu, J., Xu, C., Xu, X., Ding, H., Shen, Q., Yu, X., & Zheng, Y. (2023) · European journal of medical research · doi:10.1186/s40001-023-01360-8 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Environmental Enrichment Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Alters Detoxifying Enzymes in an A53T α-Synuclein Transgenic Mouse Model of Parkinson’s Disease
Seo, J. H., Kang, S., Kim, K., Wi, S., Lee, J. W., & Cho, S. (2020) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox9100928 · Cited by 26 · see citing works

So what if tangles precede plaques?
Price, J. L., & Morris, J. C. (2004) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2003.12.017 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
The Olfactory System as Marker of Neurodegeneration in Aging, Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Bhatia‐Dey, N., & Heinbockel, T. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18136976 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Olfactory proteotyping: towards the enlightenment of the neurodegeneration
Fernández‐Irigoyen, J., & Santamaría, E. (2019) · Neural Regeneration Research · doi:10.4103/1673-5374.249220 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Olfactory bulb involvement in neurodegenerative diseases
Attems, J., Walker, L., & Jellinger, K. A. (2014) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-014-1261-7 · Cited by 341 · see citing works
The human olfactory system in two proteinopathies: Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases
Úbeda‐Bañón, I., Saiz‐Sánchez, D., Flores‐Cuadrado, A., Corroto, E. R., González-Rodríguez, M., Villar‐Conde, S., Astillero‐Lopez, V., Cabello, J. P., Gallardo‐Alcañiz, M. J., Vaamonde‐Gamo, J., et al. (2020) · Translational Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s40035-020-00200-7 · Cited by 129 · see citing works

Authors: Rey, N. L., Wesson, D. W., & Brundin, P.
Affiliations: Van Andel Institute (US)
University of Florida (US)
Corresponding author: Rey, Nolwen L.
ORCID: Rey, Nolwen L.
Wesson, Daniel W.
Brundin, Patrik
Venue: Neurobiology of Disease
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2018-01
Volume: 109
Issue: Pt B
Pages: 226-248
ISSN: 0969-9961 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2016.12.013
PMC: PMC5972535
OpenAlex: W2563994157
Cited by: 257
References: 519
Citations by year: 2026: 19 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 50 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 15
FWCI: 11.86
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by-nc-nd
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: Neurobiology of Disease (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
HAL (submittedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders: Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research
Van Andel Research Institute
Teva Pharmaceutical Industries
Tennessee Foundation
National Institutes of Health
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (R01DC014443, R01DC016519)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Sensory Systems › Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
Keywords: olfactory bulb, prion-like propagation, neurodegenerative diseases, olfactory dysfunction, olfactory epithelium, protein aggregation, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, neuronal excitability, prodromal symptoms
MeSH terms: Animals, Olfaction Disorders, Humans, Olfactory Bulb, Olfactory Mucosa, Neurodegenerative Diseases

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

The olfactory bulb as the entry site for prion-like propagation in neurodegenerative diseases

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks