Brain regions involved in the retrieval of spatial and episodic details associated with a familiar environment: An fMRI study
Abstract
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to compare brain activity during the retrieval of coarse- and fine-grained spatial details and episodic details associated with a familiar environment. Long-time Toronto residents compared pairs of landmarks based on their absolute geographic locations (requiring either coarse or fine discriminations) or based on previous visits to those landmarks (requiring episodic details). An ROI analysis of the hippocampus showed that all three conditions activated the hippocampus bilaterally. Fine-grained spatial judgments recruited an additional region of the right posterior hippocampus, while episodic judgments recruited an additional region of the right anterior hippocampus, and a more extensive region along the length of the left hippocampus. To examine whole-brain patterns of activity, Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis was used to identify sets of brain regions whose activity covaried with the three conditions. All three comparison judgments recruited the default mode network including the posterior cingulate/retrosplenial cortex, middle frontal gyrus, hippocampus, and precuneus. Fine-grained spatial judgments also recruited additional regions of the precuneus, parahippocampal cortex and the supramarginal gyrus. Episodic judgments recruited the posterior cingulate and medial frontal lobes as well as the angular gyrus. These results are discussed in terms of their implications for theories of hippocampal function and spatial and episodic memory.
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Many of the same extra-HPC regions involved in the initial acquisition of spatial knowledge for large-scale environments are also involved in the retrieval of schematized spatial memory and event schemas, suggesting that the core elements of spatial schemas may be laid down at acquisition.
“fMRI studies indicate that many of the same extra-HPC regions involved in the initial acquisition of spatial knowledge for large-scale environments are also involved in the retrieval of schematized spatial memory 27,83,128 and event schemas 22 , suggesting that the core elements of spatial schemas may be laid down at acquisition 92,[147][148][149][150] .”
From From cognitive maps to spatial schemas (2023) · cites this paper as [128]
Navigation planning follows a hierarchical representation of space that consists of a series of contexts that, in humans, is mediated by the dorsomedial PFC.
“Studies of navigation support the idea that navigation planning follows a hierarchical representation of space that consist of a series of contexts that, in humans, is mediated by the dorsomedial PFC 128,133,159,204 .”
From From cognitive maps to spatial schemas (2023) · cites this paper as [128]
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- Authors
- Hirshhorn, M., Grady, C., Rosenbaum, R. S., Winocur, G., & Moscovitch, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Toronto (CA)
- York University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Moscovitch, Morris
- Venue
- Neuropsychologia
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-11
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 3094-3106
- ISSN
- 0028-3932 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2150753423
- Cited by
- 85
- References
- 100
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 5.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuropsychologia (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Canadian Institutes for Health Research (MGP 6694)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Spatial Cognition and Navigation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Keywords
- spatial memory, episodic memory, hippocampus, familiar environment, landmark location, default mode network, posterior cingulate cortex, precuneus, parahippocampal cortex, supramarginal gyrus, angular gyrus, hippocampal function
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Analysis of Variance, Brain, Brain Mapping, Environment, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Judgment, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Memory, Photic Stimulation, Psychomotor Performance, Surveys and Questionnaires, Reaction Time, Space Perception, Least-Squares Analysis
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