Neurogenesis may relate to some but not all types of hippocampal‐dependent learning
Open accessAbstract
The hippocampal formation generates new neurons throughout adulthood. Recent studies indicate that these cells possess the morphology and physiological properties of more established neurons. However, the function of adult generated neurons is still a matter of debate. We previously demonstrated that certain forms of associative learning can enhance the survival of new neurons and a reduction in neurogenesis coincides with impaired learning of the hippocampal‐dependent task of trace eyeblink conditioning. Using the toxin methylazoxymethanol acetate (MAM) for proliferating cells, we tested whether reduction of neurogenesis affected learning and performance associated with different hippocampal dependent tasks: spatial navigation learning in a Morris water maze, fear responses to context and an explicit cue after training with a trace fear paradigm. We also examined exploratory behavior in an elevated plus maze. Rats were injected with MAM (7 mg/kg) or saline for 14 days, concurrent with BrdU, to label new neurons on days 10, 12, and 14. After treatment, groups of rats were tested in the various tasks. A significant reduction in new neurons in the adult hippocampus was associated with impaired performance in some tasks, but not with others. Specifically, treatment with the antimitotic agent reduced the amount of fear acquired after exposure to a trace fear conditioning paradigm but did not affect contextual fear conditioning or spatial navigation learning in the Morris water maze. Nor did MAM treatment affect exploration in the elevated plus maze. These results combined with previous ones suggest that neurogenesis may be associated with the formation of some but not all types of hippocampal‐dependent memories. Hippocampus 2002;12:578–584. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In rodents, up to 30-70% of newborn neurons die in the first month and 1300 neurons are eliminated daily from the rodent hippocampus.
“in rodents, it has been estimated that up to 30-70% of newborn neurons die in the first month and that 1300 neurons are eliminated daily from the rodent hippocampus111, 112.”
From Dysregulation of adult hippocampal neuroplasticity in major depression: Pathogenesis and therapeutic implications (2022) · cites this paper as [112]
Contradictory studies have found either no effect of reduced neurogenesis on hippocampal cognition or only on certain types of hippocampal cognitive tests, and one study found that absence of new neurons improves cognitive function.
“On the other hand, contradictory studies have found either no effect of reduced neurogenesis on hippocampal cognition (Groves et al., 2013; Saxe et al., 2006; Shors et al., 2002) or only on certain types of hippocampal cognitive tests (Shors et al., 2002). One study has even found that the absence of new neurons improves cognitive function (Saxe et al., 2007).”
From Adult neurogenesis, glia, and the extracellular matrix (2019) · cites this paper as Shors et al., 2002
Manipulating the rate of proliferation in rodents selectively affects hippocampus dependent task performance, such as spatial and contextual memory or pattern separation tasks, but not less hippocampus dependent tasks such as delay conditioning.
“Furthermore, manipulating the rate of proliferation in rodents has been shown to selectively effect hippocampus dependent task performance, such as in spatial and contextual memory or pattern separation tasks, but not in tasks that are less hippocampus dependent, such as delay conditioning (Gould et al., 1999; Shors et al., 2002; Snyder et al., 2005, 2011; Deng et al., 2009; Sahay et al., 2011;”
From Aerobic Exercise as a Tool to Improve Hippocampal Plasticity and Function in Humans: Practical Implications for Mental Health Treatment (2016) · cites this paper as Shors et al., 2002
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Running increases cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the adult mouse dentate gyrus
van Praag, H., Kempermann, G., & Gage, F. H. (1999) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/6368 · Cited by 3,880 · see citing works
Autoradiographic and histological evidence of postnatal hippocampal neurogenesis in rats
Altman, J., & Das, G. D. (1965) · Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.901240303 · Cited by 3,592 · see citing works
Differential contribution of amygdala and hippocampus to cued and contextual fear conditioning.
Phillips, R. G., & LeDoux, J. E. (1992) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037/0735-7044.106.2.274 · Cited by 3,292 · see citing works
Modality-Specific Retrograde Amnesia of Fear
Kim, J. J., & Fanselow, M. S. (1992) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1585183 · Cited by 2,483 · see citing works
Irradiation induces neural precursor-cell dysfunction
Monje, M. L., Mizumatsu, S., Fike, J. R., & Palmer, T. D. (2002) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm749 · Cited by 1,271 · see citing works
Stress and glucocorticoids impair retrieval of long-term spatial memory
de Quervain, D. J.-F., Roozendaal, B., & McGaugh, J. L. (1998) · Nature · doi:10.1038/29542 · Cited by 1,182 · see citing works
Lemaire, V., Koehl, M., Le Moal, M., & Abrous, D. N. (2000) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.97.20.11032 · Cited by 1,044 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Experience-related changes that affect neurogenesis such as stress or environmental enrichment also affect learning (Gould et al., 1997; Nilsson et al., 1999; van Praag et al., 1999; Lemaire et al., 2000).”
BackgroundSolomon, P. R., Vander Schaaf, E. R., Thompson, R. F., & Weisz, D. J. (1986) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037/0735-7044.100.5.729 · Cited by 724 · see citing works
Early life experience alters response of adult neurogenesis to stress
Mirescu, C., Peters, J. D., & Gould, E. (2004) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1290 · Cited by 625 · see citing works
Self-citationLong-term plasticity in hippocampal place-cell representation of environmental geometry
Lever, C., Wills, T., Cacucci, F., Burgess, N., & O'Keefe, J. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/416090a · Cited by 465 · see citing works
Sleep restriction suppresses neurogenesis induced by hippocampus-dependent learning
Hairston, I. S., Little, M. T. M., Scanlon, M. D., Barakat, M. T., Palmer, T. D., Sapolsky, R. M., & Heller, H. C. (2005) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00218.2005 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Wood, G. E., Beylin, A. V., & Shors, T. J. (2001) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037/0735-7044.115.1.175 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- _____________________________________________________________ NEUROGENESIS AND LEARNING 583 10981063, 2002, 5, Downloaded from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hipo.10103 by Readcube (Labtiva Inc.), Wiley Online Library on [10/08/2026]. See the Terms and Conditions (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/terms-and-conditions) on Wiley Online Library for rules of use; OA articles are governed by the applicable Creative Commons License · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Del Rio, D., Rodriguez-Mateos, A., Spencer, J. P. E., Tognolini, M., Borges, G., & Crozier, A. (2013) · Antioxidants & Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2012.4581 · Cited by 2,601 · see citing works
The Glial Nature of Embryonic and Adult Neural Stem Cells
Kriegstein, A., & Alvarez-Buylla, A. (2009) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.051508.135600 · Cited by 2,475 · see citing works
New neurons and new memories: how does adult hippocampal neurogenesis affect learning and memory?
Deng, W., Aimone, J. B., & Gage, F. H. (2010) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2822 · Cited by 2,120 · see citing works
Ziv, Y., Ron, N., Butovsky, O., Landa, G., Sudai, E., Greenberg, N., Cohen, H., Kipnis, J., & Schwartz, M. (2006) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1629 · Cited by 1,209 · see citing works
Neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus
Kempermann, G., Song, H., & Gage, F. H. (2015) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a018812 · Cited by 1,072 · see citing works
Roles of continuous neurogenesis in the structural and functional integrity of the adult forebrain
Imayoshi, I., Sakamoto, M., Ohtsuka, T., Takao, K., Miyakawa, T., Yamaguchi, M., Mori, K., Ikeda, T., Itohara, S., & Kageyama, R. (2008) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.2185 · Cited by 1,054 · see citing works
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive flexibility — linking memory and mood
Anacker, C., & Hen, R. (2017) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn.2017.45 · Cited by 1,014 · see citing works
Saxe, M. D., Battaglia, F., Wang, J.-W., Malleret, G., David, D. J., Monckton, J. E., Garcia, A. D. R., Sofroniew, M. V., Kandel, E. R., Santarelli, L., et al. (2006) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0607207103 · Cited by 1,020 · see citing works
Adult neurogenesis: from precursors to network and physiology
Abrous, D. N., Koehl, M., & Le Moal, M. (2005) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00055.2003 · Cited by 971 · see citing works
Kee, N., Teixeira, C. M., Wang, A. H., & Frankland, P. W. (2007) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1847 · Cited by 875 · see citing works
Evidence for a cytokine model of cognitive function
McAfoose, J., & Baune, B. T. (2009) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2008.10.005 · Cited by 760 · see citing works
Jessberger, S., Clark, R. E., Broadbent, N. J., Clemenson, G. D., Consiglio, A., Lie, D. C., Squire, L. R., & Gage, F. H. (2009) · Learning & Memory · doi:10.1101/lm.1172609 · Cited by 654 · see citing works
Regulation and function of adult neurogenesis: from genes to cognition.
Aimone, J. B., Li, Y., Lee, S. W., Clemenson, G. D., Deng, W., & Gage, F. H. (2014) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00004.2014 · Cited by 635 · see citing works
Early life experience alters response of adult neurogenesis to stress
Mirescu, C., Peters, J. D., & Gould, E. (2004) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1290 · Cited by 625 · see citing works
Self-citationBessa, J. M., Ferreira, D., Melo, I., Marques, F., Cerqueira, J. J., Palha, J. A., Almeida, O. F. X., & Sousa, N. (2009) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2008.119 · Cited by 598 · see citing works
Neural Mechanisms of Stress Resilience and Vulnerability
Franklin, T. B., Saab, B. J., & Mansuy, I. M. (2012) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2012.08.016 · Cited by 500 · see citing works
Prenatal stress diminishes neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of juvenile rhesus monkeys
Coe, C. L., Kramer, M., Czéh, B., Gould, E., Reeves, A. J., Kirschbaum, C., & Fuchs, E. (2003) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(03)00698-x · Cited by 477 · see citing works
Self-citationWilliams, R. J., & Spencer, J. P. E. (2012) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.09.010 · Cited by 448 · see citing works
Tartt, A. N., Mariani, M. B., Hen, R., Mann, J. J., & Boldrini, M. (2022) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-022-01520-y · Cited by 408 · see citing works
“Although unknown in humans, studies in adult rodents have demonstrated that new-born neurons have a critical period (2–4 weeks) of hyperexcitability, when they are preferentially recruited during a wide variety of hippocampal-dependent tasks such as flexible learning [112, 113], spatial memory [114], and most notably…”
BackgroundDong, H., Goico, B., Martin, M., Csernansky, C. A., Bertchume, A., & Csernansky, J. G. (2004) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.05.040 · Cited by 342 · see citing works
Adult‐born hippocampal neurons promote cognitive flexibility in mice
Burghardt, N. S., Park, E. H., Hen, R., & Fenton, A. A. (2012) · Hippocampus · doi:10.1002/hipo.22013 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Agomelatine, a new antidepressant, induces regional changes in hippocampal neurogenesis
Banasr, M., Soumier, A., Hery, M., Mocaër, E., & Daszuta, A. (2006) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.11.025 · Cited by 318 · see citing works
Adult neurogenesis: integrating theories and separating functions
Aimone, J. B., Deng, W., & Gage, F. H. (2010) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2010.04.003 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
Effects of psilocybin on hippocampal neurogenesis and extinction of trace fear conditioning
Catlow, B. J., Song, S., Paredes, D. A., Kirstein, C. L., & Sanchez-Ramos, J. (2013) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-013-3579-0 · Cited by 266 · see citing works
Modulation of learning and memory by cytokines: Signaling mechanisms and long term consequences
Donzis, E. J., & Tronson, N. C. (2014) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2014.08.008 · Cited by 254 · see citing works
Rao, M. S., Hattiangady, B., & Shetty, A. K. (2006) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/j.1474-9726.2006.00243.x · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Petrik, D., Lagace, D. C., & Eisch, A. J. (2012) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.09.003 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Adult neurogenesis, glia, and the extracellular matrix
Cope, E. C., & Gould, E. (2019) · Cell Stem Cell · doi:10.1016/j.stem.2019.03.023 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Self-citationSleep restriction suppresses neurogenesis induced by hippocampus-dependent learning
Hairston, I. S., Little, M. T. M., Scanlon, M. D., Barakat, M. T., Palmer, T. D., Sapolsky, R. M., & Heller, H. C. (2005) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00218.2005 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Implications of adult hippocampal neurogenesis in antidepressant action
Malberg, J. E. (2004) · Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience · doi:10.1139/jpn.0422 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Van der Borght, K., Kóbor‐Nyakas, D. É., Klauke, K., Eggen, B. J. L., Nyakas, C., Van der Zee, E. A., & Meerlo, P. (2009) · Hippocampus · doi:10.1002/hipo.20545 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Use it or lose it: how neurogenesis keeps the brain fit for learning
Shors, T. J., Anderson, M. L., Curlik, D. M., & Nokia, M. S. (2012) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2011.04.023 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
Self-citationTime-dependent involvement of the dorsal hippocampus in trace fear conditioning in mice
Misane, I., Tovote, P., Meyer, M., Spiess, J., Ögren, S. O., & Stiedl, O. (2005) · Hippocampus · doi:10.1002/hipo.20067 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Kohman, R. A., DeYoung, E. K., Bhattacharya, T. K., Peterson, L. N., & Rhodes, J. S. (2012) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2011.10.006 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Adult neurogenesis and cellular brain repair with neural progenitors, precursors and stem cells
Shivraj Sohur, U., Emsley, J. G., Mitchell, B. D., & Macklis, J. D. (2006) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2006.1887 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Increasing hippocampal neurogenesis: a novel mechanism for antidepressant drugs
Malberg, J., & Schechter, L. (2005) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/1381612053382223 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
A time to remember: The role of circadian clocks in learning and memory.
Smarr, B. L., Jennings, K. J., Driscoll, J. R., & Kriegsfeld, L. J. (2014) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037/a0035963 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Yau, S.-Y., Lau, B. W.-M., Tong, J.-B., Wong, R., Ching, Y.-P., Qiu, G., Tang, S.-W., Lee, T. M. C., & So, K.-F. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0024263 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
The effects of running and of inhibiting adult neurogenesis on learning and memory in rats.
Wojtowicz, J. M., Askew, M. L., & Winocur, G. (2008) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2008.06128.x · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Kandola, A., Hendrikse, J., Lucassen, P. J., & Yücel, M. (2016) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00373 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
“…task performance, such as in spatial and contextual memory or pattern separation tasks, but not in tasks that are less hippocampus dependent, such as delay conditioning (Gould et al., 1999; Shors et al., 2002; Snyder et al., 2005, 2011; Deng et al., 2009; Sahay et al., 2011; Lucassen et al., 2013).”
Nerve growth factor promotes survival of new neurons in the adult hippocampus
Frielingsdorf, H., Simpson, D. R., Thal, L. J., & Pizzo, D. P. (2007) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2006.11.015 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Maggi, L. (2011) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2011.00022 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Clark, P. J., Brzezinska, W. J., Puchalski, E. K., Krone, D. A., & Rhodes, J. S. (2009) · Hippocampus · doi:10.1002/hipo.20543 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Hsiao, Y.-H., Hung, H.-C., Chen, S.-H., & Gean, P.-W. (2014) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0747-14.2014 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Corsini, N. S., Sancho-Martinez, I., Laudenklos, S., Glagow, D., Kumar, S., Letellier, E., Koch, P., Teodorczyk, M., Kleber, S., Klussmann, S., et al. (2009) · Cell Stem Cell · doi:10.1016/j.stem.2009.05.004 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
CHEN, Y., AI, Y., SLEVIN, J., MALEY, B., & GASH, D. (2005) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2005.07.010 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Groves, J. O., Leslie, I., Huang, G.-J., McHugh, S. B., Taylor, A., Mott, R., Munafò, M., Bannerman, D. M., & Flint, J. (2013) · PLoS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1003718 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Gut microbiota of mice putatively modifies amino acid metabolism in the host brain
Kawase, T., Nagasawa, M., Ikeda, H., Yasuo, S., Koga, Y., & Furuse, M. (2017) · British Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114517000678 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Education mediates microstructural changes in bilateral hippocampus
Piras, F., Cherubini, A., Caltagirone, C., & Spalletta, G. (2011) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.21018 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Long-term exercise is needed to enhance synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus
Patten, A. R., Sickmann, H., Hryciw, B. N., Kucharsky, T., Parton, R., Kernick, A., & Christie, B. R. (2013) · Learning & Memory · doi:10.1101/lm.030635.113 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
García-Cerro, S., Martínez, P., Vidal, V., Corrales, A., Flórez, J., Vidal, R., Rueda, N., Arbonés, M. L., & Martínez-Cué, C. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0106572 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Angiogenesis but not neurogenesis is critical for normal learning and memory acquisition.
Kerr, A. L., Steuer, E. L., Pochtarev, V., & Swain, R. A. (2010) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.08.008 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Young bone marrow transplantation preserves learning and memory in old mice
Das, M. M., Godoy, M., Chen, S., Moser, V. A., Avalos, P., Roxas, K. M., Dang, I., Yáñez, A., Zhang, W., Bresee, C., et al. (2019) · Communications Biology · doi:10.1038/s42003-019-0298-5 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Temporally selective contextual encoding in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus
Rangel, L. M., Alexander, A. S., Aimone, J. B., Wiles, J., Gage, F. H., Chiba, A. A., & Quinn, L. K. (2014) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms4181 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis and its role in cognition.
Oomen, C. A., Bekinschtein, P., Kent, B. A., Saksida, L. M., & Bussey, T. J. (2014) · WIREs Cognitive Science · doi:10.1002/wcs.1304 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Isgor, C., & Watson, S. J. (2005) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.05.008 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Beck, B., & Pourié, G. (2013) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1111/nure.12045 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Sun, D., Daniels, T. E., Rolfe, A., Waters, M., & Hamm, R. (2015) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2014.3545 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Boku, S., Toda, H., Nakagawa, S., Kato, A., Inoue, T., Koyama, T., Hiroi, N., & Kusumi, I. (2015) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.07.008 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Yamada, J., Nadanaka, S., Kitagawa, H., Takeuchi, K., & Jinno, S. (2018) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0632-18.2018 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Hua, K., Forbes, M. E., Lichtenwalner, R. J., Sonntag, W. E., & Riddle, D. R. (2009) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.20829 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Tirone, F., Farioli-Vecchioli, S., Micheli, L., Ceccarelli, M., & Leonardi, L. (2013) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2013.00059 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Mechanisms of Neuron Loss in Alzheimer’s Disease
Mukhin, V. N., Pavlov, K. I., & Klimenko, V. M. (2017) · Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology · doi:10.1007/s11055-017-0427-x · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Fitzgerald, G. S., Chuchta, T. G., & McNay, E. C. (2023) · CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/cns.14160 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
- Authors
- Shors, T. J., Townsend, D. A., Zhao, M., Kozorovitskiy, Y., & Gould, E.
- Affiliations
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (US)
- Princeton University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Shors, Tracey J.
- Venue
- Hippocampus
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2002-01
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 578-584
- ISSN
- 1050-9631 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-1063
- PMC
- PMC3289536
- OpenAlex
- W2025604203
- Cited by
- 853
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 46 · 2015: 39 · 2014: 61 · 2013: 41 · 2012: 51
- FWCI
- 8.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Hippocampus (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression
- U.S. Public Health Service (59970, 59740)
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH059970, 59970)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- adult neurogenesis, hippocampus-dependent learning, trace fear conditioning, contextual fear conditioning, spatial navigation, Morris water maze, methylazoxymethanol acetate, antimitotic agents, hippocampal-dependent memory, exploratory behavior, elevated plus maze, BrdU labeling
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Anxiety, Cell Division, Conditioning, Operant, Electroshock, Fear, Hippocampus, Learning, Male, Methylazoxymethanol Acetate, Neurons, Protein Synthesis Inhibitors, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Maze Learning, Dentate Gyrus, Rats
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
