A Novel Transcription Factor, T-bet, Directs Th1 Lineage Commitment
Open accessAbstract
Naive T helper cells differentiate into two subsets, Th1 and Th2, each with distinct functions and cytokine profiles. Here, we report the isolation of T-bet, a Th1-specific T box transcription factor that controls the expression of the hallmark Th1 cytokine, IFNgamma. T-bet expression correlates with IFNgamma expression in Th1 and NK cells. Ectopic expression of T-bet both transactivates the IFNgamma gene and induces endogenous IFNgamma production. Remarkably, retroviral gene transduction of T-bet into polarized Th2 and Tc2 primary T cells redirects them into Th1 and Tc1 cells, respectively, as evidenced by the simultaneous induction of IFNgamma and repression of IL-4 and IL-5. Thus, T-bet initiates Th1 lineage development from naive Thp cells both by activating Th1 genetic programs and by repressing the opposing Th2 programs.
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TBI uptake is essential for the proliferation of TH1 cells and iron supplementation impairs the expression of the TH1 master transcription factor T-BET.
“For TBI uptake is essential for the proliferation of T H 1 cells and iron supplementation impairs the expression of the T H 1 master transcription factor T-BET (Szabo et al., 2000).”
From Iron in infection and immunity (2020) · cites this paper as Szabo et al., 2000
Priming of Th1 cells by IL-12 and IFN-γ results in expression of the master transcription factor T-bet.
“Priming of Th1 cells by IL-12 [188] and IFN-γ [189] results in expression of their master transcription factor T-bet [190]”
From Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (third edition) (2021) · cites this paper as [190]
T-bet and GATA3 are master transcription factors governing the development of native CD4+ T cells to Th1 and Th2 cells, respectively.
“T-bet and GATA3 are master transcription factors governing the development of native CD4+ T cells to Th1 and Th2 cells, respectively.”
STAT signals are involved in induction of subset-specific transcription factors: T-bet for Th1; GATA3 for Th2; RORγt for Th17.
“STAT signals have been shown to be involved in the induction of subset-specific transcription factors: T-box expressed in T-cells (T-bet) for Th1; GATA-binding protein-3 (GATA3) for Th2; and retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt) for Th17 cells [12–15].”
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- Authors
- Szabo, S. J., Kim, S. T., Costa, G. L., Zhang, X., Fathman, C. G., & Glimcher, L. H.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- Medical University of South Carolina (US)
- Corresponding author
- Glimcher, Laurie H
- Venue
- Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2000-03
- Volume
- 100
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 655-669
- ISSN
- 0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1967261754
- Cited by
- 3,589
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 75 · 2025: 98 · 2024: 116 · 2023: 136 · 2022: 121 · 2021: 158 · 2020: 136 · 2019: 142 · 2018: 136 · 2017: 136 · 2016: 143 · 2015: 159 · 2014: 184 · 2013: 191 · 2012: 161
- FWCI
- 36.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI36535, AI/AG37833, P01AI039646, AI 39646, P01AI036535)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Keywords
- T-bet, Th1/Th2 differentiation, interferon-gamma, transcription factors, T cell polarization, natural killer cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, IL-4, IL-5, retroviral gene transfer
- MeSH terms
- T-bet Transcription Factor, Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, B-Lymphocytes, Base Sequence, Cell Differentiation, Cloning, Molecular, Flow Cytometry, Indicators and Reagents, Interferon-gamma, Killer Cells, Natural, Luminescent Proteins, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mice, Transgenic, Molecular Sequence Data, Transcription Factors, Signal Transduction, Interleukin-4, Interleukin-5, Gene Expression, Cell Polarity, Genes, Reporter, Th1 Cells, Th2 Cells, Cell Lineage, T-Box Domain Proteins, Green Fluorescent Proteins, Mice
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