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Cited by 1,761Resilience and Mental HealthHealth, psychology, and well-beingOptimism, Hope, and Well-being

What is resilience? A review and concept analysis.

Windle, Gill·2011·Reviews in Clinical Gerontology
DOI 10.1017/s0959259810000420
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Abstract

Summary: The complexities of defining what appears to be the relatively simple concept of resilience are widely recognized. This paper analyses the concept of resilience from a range of disciplinary perspectives and clarifies a definition in order to inform research, policy and practice. The work takes a life course approach to resilience, examining evidence derived from research across the lifespan. It incorporates the methods of systematic review, concept analysis and consultation through face-to-face meetings. The synthesis of methodological approaches enables a clear identification of the antecedents, defining attributes and consequences of resilience, validated with stakeholder partners. Through this process, resilience is defined as the process of effectively negotiating, adapting to, or managing significant sources of stress or trauma. Assets and resources within the individual, their life and environment facilitate this capacity for adaptation and ‘bouncing back’ in the face of adversity. Across the life course, the experience of resilience will vary. A large proportion of resilience research is routed within the discipline of developmental psychology, and has mainly been developed with children and adolescents. A major contribution to resilience research could be made through more multi-disciplinary studies that examine the dynamics of resilience across the lifespan, its role in healthy ageing and in managing loss, such as changes in cognitive functioning.

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Crossref · 10.1017/s0959259810000420

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  • Several individual difference variables facilitate positive adaptation to stressors and adversity, referred to as resiliency factors.

    “In addition to general trait resilience, several individual difference variables are known to facilitate positive adaptation to stressors and adversity, and these are often referred to as resiliency factors (Windle, 2011; Pangallo et al., 2015).”

    From Media for Coping During COVID-19 Social Distancing: Stress, Anxiety, and Psychological Well-Being (2020) · cites this paper as Windle, 2011

  • The resilience literature suggests that trait resilience, hope, and optimism may moderate the effects of a stressor on well-being.

    “Second, the resilience literature further suggests that these factors may also moderate the effects of a stressor on well-being, as they promote positive adaptation to adversity (Windle, 2011; Kalisch et al., 2017).”

    From Media for Coping During COVID-19 Social Distancing: Stress, Anxiety, and Psychological Well-Being (2020) · cites this paper as Windle, 2011

  • Previous research suggests a direct positive influence of trait resilience and protective and promotive resiliency factors on adaptation to stress and psychological well-being.

    “First, previous research suggests a direct positive influence of trait resilience and protective and promotive resiliency factors on adaptation to stress and psychological well-being (Windle, 2011).”

    From Media for Coping During COVID-19 Social Distancing: Stress, Anxiety, and Psychological Well-Being (2020) · cites this paper as Windle, 2011

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Authors
Windle, G.
Affiliations
Bangor University (GB)
Corresponding author
Windle, Gill
ORCID
Windle, Gill
Venue
Reviews in Clinical Gerontology
Publisher
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Published
2010-12-21
Volume
21
Issue
2
Pages
152-169
ISSN
  • 0959-2598 (ISSN-L)
  • 1469-9036
DOI
10.1017/s0959259810000420
OpenAlex
W1992046328
Semantic Scholar
520183eefb37770d6249ca717e53d90b6e0059b0
Cited by
1,761
References
97
Citations by year
2026: 161 · 2025: 209 · 2024: 158 · 2023: 178 · 2022: 208 · 2021: 171 · 2020: 158 · 2019: 117 · 2018: 94 · 2017: 87 · 2016: 74 · 2015: 64 · 2014: 40 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 13
FWCI
14.09
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.cambridge.org/core/terms (unspecified)
Locations
Reviews in Clinical Gerontology (publishedVersion)
Funders
Vanderbilt University
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Resilience and Mental Health
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health, psychology, and well-being
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Optimism, Hope, and Well-being
Keywords
resilience, conceptual analysis, life course, lifespan development, stress and trauma, adaptation, bouncing back, adversity, healthy aging, loss, cognitive decline, developmental psychology, interdisciplinary perspectives

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