The DOI matches its Crossref record; 8 of the 8 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Mediterranean diet pyramid today. Science and cultural updates
Abstract
Objective: To present the Mediterranean diet (MD) pyramid: a lifestyle for today. Design: A new graphic representation has been conceived as a simplified main frame to be adapted to the different nutritional and socio-economic contexts of the Mediterranean region. This review gathers updated recommendations considering the lifestyle, dietary, sociocultural, environmental and health challenges that the current Mediterranean populations are facing. Setting and Subjects: Mediterranean region and its populations. Results: Many innovations have arisen since previous graphical representations of the MD. First, the concept of composition of the ‘main meals’ is introduced to reinforce the plant-based core of the dietary pattern. Second, frugality and moderation is emphasised because of the major public health challenge of obesity. Third, qualitative cultural and lifestyle elements are taken into account, such as conviviality, culinary activities, physical activity and adequate rest, along with proportion and frequency recommendations of food consumption. These innovations are made without omitting other items associated with the production, selection, processing and consumption of foods, such as seasonality, biodiversity, and traditional, local and eco-friendly products. Conclusions: Adopting a healthy lifestyle and preserving cultural elements should be considered in order to acquire all the benefits from the MD and preserve this cultural heritage. Considering the acknowledgment of the MD as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO (2010), and taking into account its contribution to health and general well-being, we hope to contribute to a much better adherence to this healthy dietary pattern and its way of life with this new graphic representation.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was determined using a 14-item questionnaire previously developed and validated for the Spanish population [25].”
From Nutritional Status and Implementation of a Nutritional Education Program in Young Female Artistic Gymnasts (2021) · cites this paper as [25]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities
Myers, N., Mittermeier, R. A., Mittermeier, C. G., da Fonseca, G. A. B., & Kent, J. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35002501 · Cited by 31,710
Fish Consumption, Fish Oil, Omega-3 Fatty Acids, and Cardiovascular Disease
Kris-Etherton, P. M., Harris, W. S., & Appel, L. J. (2002) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000038493.65177.94 · Cited by 3,707
Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men
Mozaffarian, D., Hao, T., Rimm, E. B., Willett, W. C., & Hu, F. B. (2011) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1014296 · Cited by 2,527
THE DIET AND 15-YEAR DEATH RATE IN THE SEVEN COUNTRIES STUDY
KEYS, A., MIENOTTI, A., KARVONEN, M. J., ARAVANIS, C., BLACKBURN, H., BUZINA, R., DJORDJEVIC, B. S., DONTAS, A. S., FIDANZA, F., KEYS, M. H., et al. (1986) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114480 · Cited by 1,790
Thompson Coon, J., Boddy, K., Stein, K., Whear, R., Barton, J., & Depledge, M. H. (2011) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es102947t · Cited by 1,391
Micha, R., Wallace, S. K., & Mozaffarian, D. (2010) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.109.924977 · Cited by 1,244
Nutritional quality of organic foods: a systematic review
Dangour, A. D., Dodhia, S. K., Hayter, A., Allen, E., Lock, K., & Uauy, R. (2009) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.2009.28041 · Cited by 438
Mediterranean diets: are they environmentally responsible?
Gussow, J. (1995) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/61.6.1383s · Cited by 53
Research works printed but not linked: 48
- 10.1017/BJN20061857 · DOI
- 10.1093/ajcn/76.1.274S · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1016/S1135-3074(10)70010-7 · DOI
- Vilavalur, 2006, Significance of wine and resveratrol in cardiovascular disease: French paradox revisited, Exp Clin Cardiol, 11, 217
- 10.1016/S0002-9343(01)00986-X · DOI
- 10.1079/NRR200374 · DOI · Paper page
- Contreras, 1993, Antropología de la alimentación, 9
- 10.1136/bmj.311.7018.1457 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604418 · DOI · Paper page
- Heine, 1994, La alimentación en las culturas islámicas, 159
- 10.1177/0748233709102951 · DOI
- 10.1051/agro/2009019 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1017/S1368980011002527 · DOI
- 10.1079/PHN2004558 · DOI
- 10.1136/bmj.a1344 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.2174/138161211795428920 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.fct.2010.07.036 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1001/archinte.161.21.2573 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1016/S0022-3182(86)80255-2 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.3390/molecules16021710 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1017/S0007114509990559 · DOI
- 10.1177/156482650402500207 · DOI · Paper page
- Sizer, 2000, Nutrition concepts and controversies, 507
- 10.1016/j.smrv.2009.09.005 · DOI
- 10.1016/S0308-8146(00)00091-1 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.biopha.2006.07.080 · DOI · Paper page
- 50. Food and Agricultural Organization (2010) Biodiversity in Sustainable Diets. Technical Workshop Report. Rome: FAO; available at http://www.fao.org/ag/humannutrition/24994-064a7cf9328fbe211363424ba7796919a.pdf
- 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2005.tb00146.x · DOI
- 10.3945/ajcn.2009.26736AA · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1017/S1368980007668566 · DOI
- 2003, Diet, Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic Diseases. Joint WHO/FAO Expert Consultation. WHO Technical Report Series
- 10.1021/jf071704w · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1093/ajcn/85.3.895 · DOI · Paper page
- Medina, 1996, La alimentación mediterránea. Historia, cultura, nutrición, 42
- 10.1007/s10584-008-9534-6 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1111/j.1753-4887.1999.tb01807.x · DOI
- 2008, Terramed: el futuro del sector agroalimentario en el mediterráneo, 157
- 10.1016/j.clnu.2011.01.013 · DOI
- 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2009.00174.x · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1093/ajcn/61.6.1402S · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-07-2502 · DOI
- 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2008.00503.x · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2006.tb00232.x · DOI · Paper page
- De Garine, 1993, Antropología de la alimentación: ensayos sobre la dieta mediterránea, 9
- 10.1093/ije/31.6.1274 · DOI
- Pasten, 2006, Wine, fibrinolysis and health, Rev Med Chil, 134, 1040
- 10.1017/S1368980009990413 · DOI
- 10.1289/ehp.02110445 · DOI · Paper page
Cited by
Global diets link environmental sustainability and human health
Tilman, D., & Clark, M. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature13959 · Cited by 3,026
The Mediterranean Diet and Cardiovascular Health: A Critical Review
Martínez-González, M. A., Gea, A., & Ruiz-Canela, M. (2019) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.118.313348 · Cited by 878
Mediterranean diet, stroke, cognitive impairment, and depression: A meta‐analysis
Psaltopoulou, T., Sergentanis, T. N., Panagiotakos, D. B., Sergentanis, I. N., Kosti, R., & Scarmeas, N. (2013) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.23944 · Cited by 793
Nagpal, R., Neth, B. J., Wang, S., Craft, S., & Yadav, H. (2019) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.08.032 · Cited by 653
Parletta, N., Zarnowiecki, D., Cho, J., Wilson, A., Bogomolova, S., Villani, A., Itsiopoulos, C., Niyonsenga, T., Blunden, S., Meyer, B., et al. (2019) · Nutritional Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/1028415x.2017.1411320 · Cited by 629
Nutrition and prevention of cognitive impairment
Scarmeas, N., Anastasiou, C. A., & Yannakoulia, M. (2018) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(18)30338-7 · Cited by 612
van den Brink, A. C., Brouwer-Brolsma, E. M., Berendsen, A. A. M., & van de Rest, O. (2019) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1093/advances/nmz054 · Cited by 571
Moubarac, J.-C., Parra, D. C., Cannon, G., & Monteiro, C. A. (2014) · Current Obesity Reports · doi:10.1007/s13679-014-0092-0 · Cited by 542
Mediterranean Diet, Cognitive Function, and Dementia: A Systematic Review
Lourida, I., Soni, M., Thompson-Coon, J., Purandare, N., Lang, I. A., Ukoumunne, O. C., & Llewellyn, D. J. (2013) · Epidemiology · doi:10.1097/ede.0b013e3182944410 · Cited by 521
Mediterranean Diet, Cognitive Function, and Dementia: A Systematic Review of the Evidence
Petersson, S. D., & Philippou, E. (2016) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.3945/an.116.012138 · Cited by 466
Alvarez-Suarez, J. M., Giampieri, F., Tulipani, S., Casoli, T., Di Stefano, G., González-Paramás, A. M., Santos-Buelga, C., Busco, F., Quiles, J. L., Cordero, M. D., et al. (2014) · The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2013.11.002 · Cited by 370
Self-citationMediterranean diet and health status: Active ingredients and pharmacological mechanisms
Schwingshackl, L., Morze, J., & Hoffmann, G. (2020) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/bph.14778 · Cited by 336
Schwingshackl, L., & Hoffmann, G. (2014) · International Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1002/ijc.28824 · Cited by 269
Zelber‐Sagi, S., Salomone, F., & Mlynarsky, L. (2017) · Liver International · doi:10.1111/liv.13435 · Cited by 273
Dietary interventions for obesity: clinical and mechanistic findings.
Chao, A. M., Quigley, K. M., & Wadden, T. A. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci140065 · Cited by 257
Systematic Review of the Mediterranean Diet for Long-Term Weight Loss
Mancini, J. G., Filion, K. B., Atallah, R., & Eisenberg, M. J. (2016) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.11.028 · Cited by 248
Nutrition for the ageing brain: Towards evidence for an optimal diet
Vauzour, D., Camprubi-Robles, M., Miquel-Kergoat, S., Andres-Lacueva, C., Bánáti, D., Barberger-Gateau, P., Bowman, G. L., Caberlotto, L., Clarke, R., Hogervorst, E., et al. (2017) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2016.09.010 · Cited by 241
Galbete, C., Schwingshackl, L., Schwedhelm, C., Boeing, H., & Schulze, M. B. (2018) · European Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s10654-018-0427-3 · Cited by 212
Haigh, L., Kirk, C., El Gendy, K., Gallacher, J., Errington, L., Mathers, J. C., & Anstee, Q. M. (2022) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2022.06.037 · Cited by 209
Mediterranean Diet and Obesity-related Disorders: What is the Evidence?
Muscogiuri, G., Verde, L., Sulu, C., Katsiki, N., Hassapidou, M., Frias-Toral, E., Cucalón, G., Pazderska, A., Yumuk, V. D., Colao, A., et al. (2022) · Current Obesity Reports · doi:10.1007/s13679-022-00481-1 · Cited by 207
Dragun, R., Veček, N. N., Marendić, M., Pribisalić, A., Đivić, G., Cena, H., Polašek, O., & Kolčić, I. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13010097 · Cited by 187
Obesity in South and Southeast Asia—A new consensus on care and management
Tham, K. W., Abdul Ghani, R., Cua, S. C., Deerochanawong, C., Fojas, M., Hocking, S., Lee, J., Nam, T. Q., Pathan, F., Saboo, B., et al. (2023) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.13520 · Cited by 187
Mediterranean Diet and Prevention of Chronic Diseases
Romagnolo, D. F., & Selmin, O. I. (2017) · Nutrition Today · doi:10.1097/nt.0000000000000228 · Cited by 187
Mediterranean diet and faecal microbiota: a transversal study
Gutiérrez-Díaz, I., Fernández-Navarro, T., Sánchez, B., Margolles, A., & González, S. (2016) · Food & Function · doi:10.1039/c6fo00105j · Cited by 176
Ferreira, H., Vasconcelos, M., Gil, A. M., & Pinto, E. (2021) · Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/10408398.2020.1716680 · Cited by 175
Katsagoni, C. N., Papatheodoridis, G. V., Ioannidou, P., Deutsch, M., Alexopoulou, A., Papadopoulos, N., Papageorgiou, M.-V., Fragopoulou, E., & Kontogianni, M. D. (2018) · British Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s000711451800137x · Cited by 167
Sadeghi, O., Keshteli, A. H., Afshar, H., Esmaillzadeh, A., & Adibi, P. (2021) · Nutritional Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/1028415x.2019.1620425 · Cited by 157
Parkinson, L., & Keast, R. (2014) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms150712323 · Cited by 156
Cognitive health and Mediterranean Diet: Just diet or lifestyle pattern?
Yannakoulia, M., Kontogianni, M., & Scarmeas, N. (2015) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2014.10.003 · Cited by 134
Intake of seafood in the US varies by age, income, and education level but not by race-ethnicity
Jahns, L., Raatz, S., Johnson, L., Kranz, S., Silverstein, J., & Picklo, M. (2014) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu6126060 · Cited by 110
Nutritional Risk Factors, Microbiota and Parkinson’s Disease: What Is the Current Evidence?
Boulos, C., Yaghi, N., El Hayeck, R., Heraoui, G. N., & Fakhoury-Sayegh, N. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11081896 · Cited by 109
Hu, E. A., Toledo, E., Diez-Espino, J., Estruch, R., Corella, D., Salas-Salvado, J., Vinyoles, E., Gomez-Gracia, E., Aros, F., Fiol, M., et al. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0060166 · Cited by 108
Self-citationMediterranean diet and NAFLD: what we know and questions that still need to be answered
Plaz Torres, M. C., Aghemo, A., Lleo, A., Bodini, G., Furnari, M., Marabotto, E., Miele, L., & Giannini, E. G. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11122971 · Cited by 97
Mediterranean diet and healthy ageing: a Sicilian perspective
Vasto, S., Buscemi, S., Barera, A., Di Carlo, M., Accardi, G., & Caruso, C. (2014) · Gerontology · doi:10.1159/000363060 · Cited by 94
Barrea, L., Pugliese, G., Laudisio, D., Colao, A., Savastano, S., & Muscogiuri, G. (2021) · Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/10408398.2020.1755220 · Cited by 66
González-Guardia, L., Yubero-Serrano, E. M., Delgado-Lista, J., Perez-Martinez, P., Garcia-Rios, A., Marin, C., Camargo, A., Delgado-Casado, N., Roche, H. M., Perez-Jimenez, F., et al. (2015) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glu098 · Cited by 64
Health benefits of Mediterranean diet in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Abenavoli, L., Di Renzo, L., Boccuto, L., Alwardat, N., Gratteri, S., & De Lorenzo, A. (2018) · Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1080/17474124.2018.1503947 · Cited by 62
Di Cagno, R., De Pasquale, I., De Angelis, M., Buchin, S., Rizzello, C. G., & Gobbetti, M. (2014) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2013-7078 · Cited by 61
Barrea, L., Tarantino, G., Somma, C. D., Muscogiuri, G., Macchia, P. E., Falco, A., Colao, A., & Savastano, S. (2017) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2017/6101254 · Cited by 60
Georgoulis, M., Yiannakouris, N., Kechribari, I., Lamprou, K., Perraki, E., Vagiakis, E., & Kontogianni, M. D. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine · doi:10.5664/jcsm.9834 · Cited by 56
Di Rosa, C., Lattanzi, G., Spiezia, C., Imperia, E., Piccirilli, S., Beato, I., Gaspa, G., Micheli, V., De Joannon, F., Vallecorsa, N., et al. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph192013040 · Cited by 47
Weight loss interventions and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Optimizing liver outcomes
Finer, N. (2022) · Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.14569 · Cited by 45
Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and body fat distribution in reproductive aged women
Boghossian, N. S., Yeung, E. H., Mumford, S. L., Zhang, C., Gaskins, A. J., Wactawski-Wende, J., Schisterman, E. F., & for the BioCycle Study Group (2013) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/ejcn.2013.4 · Cited by 45
Tsigalou, C., Paraschaki, A., Karvelas, A., Kantartzi, K., Gagali, K., Tsairidis, D., & Bezirtzoglou, E. (2021) · Metabolism Open · doi:10.1016/j.metop.2021.100081 · Cited by 40
Riera-Sampol, A., Bennasar-Veny, M., Tauler, P., Nafría, M., Colom, M., & Aguilo, A. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13020585 · Cited by 36
Padró, R., Tello, E., Marco, I., Olarieta, J. R., Grasa, M. M., & Font, C. (2020) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124043 · Cited by 30
Mediterranean Gluten-Free Diet: Is It a Fair Bet for the Treatment of Gluten-Related Disorders?
Bascuñán, K. A., Elli, L., Vecchi, M., Scricciolo, A., Mascaretti, F., Parisi, M., Doneda, L., Lombardo, V., Araya, M., & Roncoroni, L. (2020) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2020.583981 · Cited by 25
Aguilo, A., Lozano, L., Tauler, P., Nafría, M., Colom, M., & Martínez, S. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13051399 · Cited by 23
Gnagnarella, P., Dragà, D., Baggi, F., Simoncini, M. C., Sabbatini, A., Mazzocco, K., Bassi, F. D., Pravettoni, G., & Maisonneuve, P. (2016) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-016-1487-x · Cited by 22
Tranidou, A., Dagklis, T., Magriplis, E., Apostolopoulou, A., Tsakiridis, I., Chroni, V., Tsekitsidi, E., Kalaitzopoulou, I., Pazaras, N., & Chourdakis, M. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15040848 · Cited by 21
Fateh, H. L., Rashid, S. A., Muhammad, S. S., Al-Jaf, S. H., & Ali, A. M. (2023) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1181706 · Cited by 13
Metadata
- Authors
- Bach-Faig, A., Berry, E. M., Lairon, D., Reguant, J., Trichopoulou, A., Dernini, S., Medina, F. X., Battino, M., Belahsen, R., Miranda, G., & Serra-Majem, L.
- Venue
- Public Health Nutrition
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2011-12-13
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 12A
- Pages
- 2274-2284
- ISSN
- 1368-9800
- 1475-2727
- Cited by
- 1,622
- References
- 8
- Language
- en
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.