Cited by 690Food Waste Reduction and SustainabilityAgriculture Sustainability and Environmental ImpactFood Security and Socioeconomic Dynamics

Missing food, missing data? A critical review of global food losses and food waste data

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Xue, Li, Liu, Gang, Parfitt, Julian, Liu, Xiaojie, Van Herpen, Erica, Stenmarck, Åsa, O’Connor, Clementine, Östergren, Karin +1 more·2017·Environmental Science & Technology

Abstract

Food losses and food waste (FLW) have become a global concern in recent years and emerge as a priority in the global and national political agenda (e.g., with Target 12.3 in the new United Nations Sustainable Development Goals). A good understanding of the availability and quality of global FLW data is a prerequisite for tracking progress on reduction targets, analyzing environmental impacts, and exploring mitigation strategies for FLW. There has been a growing body of literature on FLW quantification in the past years; however, significant challenges remain, such as data inconsistency and a narrow temporal, geographical, and food supply chain coverage. In this paper, we examined 202 publications which reported FLW data for 84 countries and 52 individual years from 1933 to 2014. We found that most existing publications are conducted for a few industrialized countries (e.g., the United Kingdom and the United States), and over half of them are based only on secondary data, which signals high uncertainties in the existing global FLW database. Despite these uncertainties, existing data indicate that per-capita food waste in the household increases with an increase of per-capita GDP. We believe that more consistent, in-depth, and primary-data-based studies, especially for emerging economies, are badly needed to better inform relevant policy on FLW reduction and environmental impacts mitigation.

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Authors
Xue, L., Liu, G., Parfitt, J., Liu, X., Van Herpen, E., Stenmarck, Å., O’Connor, C., Östergren, K., & Cheng, S.
Affiliations
  • Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
  • University of Southern Denmark (DK)
  • Anthesis Group, Oxford OX4 1RE, United Kingdom
  • Marketing and Consumer Behavior Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6708 PB, The Netherlands
  • IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute (SE)
  • World Resources Institute (US)
  • RISE Research Institutes of Sweden (SE)
Corresponding author
Liu, Gang
Venue
Environmental Science & Technology
Published
2017-05-26
Volume
51
Issue
12
Pages
6618-6633
ISSN
  • 0013-936X (ISSN-L)
  • 1520-5851
OpenAlex
W2613091778
Cited by
690
References
129
Citations by year
2026: 54 · 2025: 92 · 2024: 99 · 2023: 109 · 2022: 92 · 2021: 81 · 2020: 68 · 2019: 64 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 6
FWCI
4.83
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Environmental Science & Technology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (submittedVersion)
  • University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark) (submittedVersion)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders
  • Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (2016YFE0113100)
  • Styrelsen for Forskning og Innovation (5132-00029B, 6144-00036)
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (71233007)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Food Waste Reduction and Sustainability
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › General Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Security and Socioeconomic Dynamics
Keywords
food loss and waste, data quality, data inconsistency, household food waste, emerging markets, food supply chain, Sustainable Development Goal 12.3, food waste reduction policy, environmental impact of food waste
MeSH terms
Data Accuracy, Conservation of Natural Resources, Food, Food Supply, Geography, United Kingdom, Humans

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