Cited by 6,775Psychological Well-being and Life SatisfactionPhilosophy and Theoretical SciencePsychology and Mental Health

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Beyond pleasure and pain

Higgins, E. Tory·1997·American Psychologist

DOI 10.1037/0003-066x.52.12.1280

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

People approach pleasure and avoid pain. To discover the true nature of approach-avoidance motivation, psychologists need to move beyond this hedonic principle to the principles that underlie the different ways that it operates. One such principle is regulatory focus, which distinguishes self-regulation with a promotion focus (accomplishments and aspirations) from self-regulation with a prevention focus (safety and responsibilities). This principle is used to reconsider the fundamental nature of approach-avoidance, expectancy-value relations, and emotional and evaluative sensitivities. Both types of regulatory focus are applied to phenomena that have been treated in terms of either promotion (e.g., well-being) or prevention (e.g., cognitive dissonance). Then, regulatory focus is distinguished from regulatory anticipation and regulatory reference, 2 other principles underlying the different ways that people approach pleasure and avoid pain.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1037/0003-066x.52.12.1280

Cites

0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

The publisher hasn’t deposited this paper’s reference list.

Sorted by citations

Core affect and the psychological construction of emotion.
Russell, J. A. (2003) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.110.1.145 · Cited by 6,113
Implementation intentions: Strong effects of simple plans.
Gollwitzer, P. M. (1999) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.54.7.493 · Cited by 5,478
The Role of Goal Orientation in Self-Regulated Learning
Pintrich, P. R. (2000) · Handbook of Self-Regulation · doi:10.1016/b978-012109890-2/50043-3 · Cited by 5,173
Political conservatism as motivated social cognition.
Jost, J. T., Glaser, J., Kruglanski, A. W., & Sulloway, F. J. (2003) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.129.3.339 · Cited by 4,904
Reflective and Impulsive Determinants of Social Behavior
Strack, F., & Deutsch, R. (2004) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1207/s15327957pspr0803_1 · Cited by 3,984
Power, approach, and inhibition.
Keltner, D., Gruenfeld, D. H., & Anderson, C. (2003) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.110.2.265 · Cited by 3,427
Beyond valence: Toward a model of emotion-specific influences on judgement and choice
Lerner, J. S., & Keltner, D. (2000) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/026999300402763 · Cited by 3,171
A hot/cool-system analysis of delay of gratification: dynamics of willpower
Metcalfe, J., & Mischel, W. (1999) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.106.1.3 · Cited by 2,931
Place attachment: How far have we come in the last 40 years?
Lewicka, M. (2010) · Journal of Environmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2010.10.001 · Cited by 3,107
Personality and Individual Differences
Smith, M. B., Jordan, P., & Wallace, J. C. (2015) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118979013.ch2 · Cited by 2,572
The Intention–Behavior Gap
Sheeran, P., & Webb, T. L. (2016) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/spc3.12265 · Cited by 2,185
Organizational Learning: From Experience to Knowledge
Argote, L., & Miron‐Spektor, E. (2011) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.1100.0621 · Cited by 2,128
Making a good decision: Value from fit.
Higgins, E. T. (2000) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.55.11.1217 · Cited by 2,053
Self-citation
Employee Commitment and Motivation: A Conceptual Analysis and Integrative Model.
Meyer, J. P., Becker, T. E., & Vandenberghe, C. (2004) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.89.6.991 · Cited by 1,824
Motivation by positive or negative role models: Regulatory focus determines who will best inspire us.
Lockwood, P., Jordan, C. H., & Kunda, Z. (2002) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.83.4.854 · Cited by 1,749
Psychological Antecedents of Promotive and Prohibitive Voice: A Two-Wave Examination
Liang, J., Farh, C. I. C., & Farh, J.-L. (2012) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2010.0176 · Cited by 1,647
Achievement orientations from subjective histories of success: Promotion pride versus prevention pride
Higgins, E. T., Friedman, R., Harlow, R. E., Idson, L. C., Ayduk, Ö. N., & Taylor, A. M. (2001) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.27 · Cited by 1,516
Self-citation
A new look at habits and the habit-goal interface.
Wood, W., & Neal, D. T. (2007) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.114.4.843 · Cited by 1,470
A new look at social support: A theoretical perspective on thriving through relationships
Feeney, B. C., & Collins, N. L. (2015) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1177/1088868314544222 · Cited by 1,521
The Hierarchical Model of Approach-Avoidance Motivation
Elliot, A. J. (2006) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-006-9028-7 · Cited by 1,385
A theory of goal-systems
Kruglanski, A. W., Shah, J. Y., Fishbach, A., Friedman, R., Chun, W. Y., & Sleeth-Keppler, D. (2002) · Advances in Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(02)80008-9 · Cited by 1,386
The Costly Pursuit of Self-Esteem
Crocker, J., & Park, L. E. (2004) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.130.3.392 · Cited by 1,402
Measuring Self-Regulated Learning
Winne, P. H., & Perry, N. E. (2000) · Handbook of Self-Regulation · doi:10.1016/b978-012109890-2/50045-7 · Cited by 1,383
Default network activity, coupled with the frontoparietal control network, supports goal-directed cognition
Spreng, R. N., Stevens, W. D., Chamberlain, J. P., Gilmore, A. W., & Schacter, D. L. (2010) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.06.016 · Cited by 1,256
What Do You Do When Things Go Right? The Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Benefits of Sharing Positive Events.
Gable, S. L., Reis, H. T., Impett, E. A., & Asher, E. R. (2004) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.87.2.228 · Cited by 1,387
Power, optimism, and risk‐taking
Anderson, C. P., & Galinsky, A. D. (2006) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.324 · Cited by 1,284
The toxic triangle: destructive leaders, susceptible followers, and conducive environments.
Padilla, A., Hogan, R., & Kaiser, R. B. (2007) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2007.03.001 · Cited by 1,188
The effects of promotion and prevention cues on creativity.
Friedman, R. S., & Förster, J. (2001) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.81.6.1001 · Cited by 1,094
A Rose by Any Name? The Values Construct
Rohan, M. J. (2000) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1207/s15327957pspr0403_4 · Cited by 1,129
Leadership, creativity, and innovation: A critical review and practical recommendations
Hughes, D. J., Lee, A., Tian, A. W., Newman, A., & Legood, A. (2018) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2018.03.001 · Cited by 1,080
Job crafting: A meta-analysis of relationships with individual differences, job characteristics, and work outcomes
Rudolph, C. W., Katz, I. M., Lavigne, K. N., & Zacher, H. (2017) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2017.05.008 · Cited by 951
Regulatory Fit and Persuasion: Transfer From "Feeling Right."
Cesario, J., Grant, H., & Higgins, E. T. (2004) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.86.3.388 · Cited by 1,014
Self-citation
Thought suppression
Wenzlaff, R. M., & Wegner, D. M. (2000) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.51.1.59 · Cited by 1,063
Emotion Regulation Flexibility
Aldao, A., Sheppes, G., & Gross, J. J. (2015) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-014-9662-4 · Cited by 981
Les valeurs de base de la personne : théorie, mesures et applications
Schwartz, S. H. (2006) · Revue Française de Sociologie · doi:10.3917/rfs.474.0929 · Cited by 1,125
Regulatory Focus Theory: Implications for the Study of Emotions at Work
Brockner, J., & Higgins, E. T. (2001) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1006/obhd.2001.2972 · Cited by 964
Self-citation
Value from hedonic experience and engagement
Higgins, E. T. (2006) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.113.3.439 · Cited by 949
Self-citation
Psychological Ownership: Theoretical Extensions, Measurement, and Relation to Work Outcomes
Avey, J. B., Avolio, B. J., Crossley, C. D., & Luthans, F. (2009) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.583 · Cited by 920
Transition from acute to chronic pain after surgery
Glare, P., Aubrey, K. R., & Myles, P. S. (2019) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(19)30352-6 · Cited by 914
A meta-analysis of self-regulated learning in work-related training and educational attainment: what we know and where we need to go.
Sitzmann, T., & Ely, K. (2011) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0022777 · Cited by 897
The experience of power: Examining the effects of power on approach and inhibition tendencies.
Anderson, C. P., & Berdahl, J. L. (2002) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.83.6.1362 · Cited by 923
Finding "Meaning" in Psychology: A Lay Theories Approach to Self-Regulation, Social Perception, and Social Development.
Molden, D. C., & Dweck, C. S. (2006) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.61.3.192 · Cited by 861
Forgetting all else: On the antecedents and consequences of goal shielding.
Shah, J. Y., Friedman, R., & Kruglanski, A. W. (2002) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.83.6.1261 · Cited by 892
Hard won and easily lost: a review and synthesis of theory and research on precarious manhood
Vandello, J. A., & Bosson, J. K. (2013) · Psychology of Men & Masculinity · doi:10.1037/a0029826 · Cited by 871
The Functional Theory of Counterfactual Thinking
Epstude, K., & Roese, N. J. (2008) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1177/1088868308316091 · Cited by 905
Possible selves and academic outcomes: How and when possible selves impel action.
Oyserman, D., Bybee, D., & Terry, K. (2006) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.91.1.188 · Cited by 852
Delight by Design: The Role of Hedonic Versus Utilitarian Benefits
Chitturi, R., Raghunathan, R., & Mahajan, V. (2008) · Journal of Marketing · doi:10.1509/jmkg.72.3.48 · Cited by 1,274
Motivation to Lead, Motivation to Follow: The Role of the Self-Regulatory Focus in Leadership Processes
Kark, R., & Van Dijk, D. (2007) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.2007.24351846 · Cited by 818
Reorienting job crafting research: A hierarchical structure of job crafting concepts and integrative review
Zhang, F., & Parker, S. K. (2018) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.2332 · Cited by 930
The Life-Course Dynamics of Goal Pursuit and Goal Adjustment: A Two-Process Framework
Brandtstädter, J., & Rothermund, K. (2002) · Developmental Review · doi:10.1006/drev.2001.0539 · Cited by 815
What Goes Around Comes Around: Knowledge Hiding, Perceived Motivational Climate, and Creativity
Černe, M., Nerstad, C. G. L., Dysvik, A., & Škerlavaj, M. (2013) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2012.0122 · Cited by 832
The Personal Sense of Power
Anderson, C. P., John, O. P., & Keltner, D. J. (2011) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2011.00734.x · Cited by 820
Body Cues, Not Facial Expressions, Discriminate Between Intense Positive and Negative Emotions
Aviezer, H., Trope, Y., & Todorov, A. T. (2012) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1224313 · Cited by 829
The What, How, Why, and Where of Self-Construal
Cross, S. E., Hardin, E. E., & Gerçek‐Swing, B. (2010) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1177/1088868310373752 · Cited by 878
A Motivated Action Theory Account of Goal Orientation.
DeShon, R. P., & Gillespie, J. Z. (2005) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.90.6.1096 · Cited by 786
Ideal Affect: Cultural Causes and Behavioral Consequences
Tsai, J. L. (2007) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1745-6916.2007.00043.x · Cited by 781
Blue or Red? Exploring the Effect of Color on Cognitive Task Performances
Mehta, R., & Zhu, R. (. (2009) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1169144 · Cited by 763
Developmental changes in personal goal orientation from young to late adulthood: from striving for gains to maintenance and prevention of losses
Ebner, N. C., Freund, A. M., & Baltes, P. B. (2006) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/0882-7974.21.4.664 · Cited by 764
You focus on the forest when you're in charge of the trees: Power priming and abstract information processing.
Smith, P. K., & Trope, Y. (2006) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.90.4.578 · Cited by 791
Avoidance of Information Technology Threats: A Theoretical Perspective1
Liang, H., & Xue, Y. (2009) · MIS Quarterly · doi:10.2307/20650279 · Cited by 733
Burst Bubbles or Build Steam? Entrepreneurship Education, Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy, and Entrepreneurial Intentions
Piperopoulos, P., & Dimov, D. P. (2014) · Journal of Small Business Management · doi:10.1111/jsbm.12116 · Cited by 758
Practicing Safe Computing: A Multimethod Empirical Examination of Home Computer User Security Behavioral Intentions1
Anderson, C. L., & Agarwal (2010) · MIS Quarterly · doi:10.2307/25750694 · Cited by 737
We Ask Men to Win and Women Not to Lose: Closing the Gender Gap in Startup Funding
Kanze, D., Huang, L., Conley, M. A., & Higgins, E. (2017) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2016.1215 · Cited by 578
Self-citation
The role of entrepreneurs in firm-level innovation: Joint effects of positive affect, creativity, and environmental dynamism
Baron, R. A., & Tang, J. (2009) · Journal of Business Venturing · doi:10.1016/j.jbusvent.2009.06.002 · Cited by 710
Goals as excuses or guides: the liberating effect of perceived goal progress on choice.
Fishbach, A., & Dhar, R. (2005) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/497548 · Cited by 704
Leading us not into temptation: Momentary allurements elicit overriding goal activation.
Fishbach, A., Friedman, R., & Kruglanski, A. W. (2003) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.84.2.296 · Cited by 955
Action, Emotion, and Personality: Emerging Conceptual Integration
Carver, C. S., Sutton, S. K., & Scheier, M. F. (2000) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167200268008 · Cited by 675
Person–Environment Fit: A Review of Its Basic Tenets
Vianen, A. E. M. V. (2018) · Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-032117-104702 · Cited by 816
Future work selves: How salient hoped-for identities motivate proactive career behaviors.
Strauss, K., Griffin, M. A., & Parker, S. K. (2011) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0026423 · Cited by 686
Negative Affects Deriving From the Behavioral Approach System.
Carver, C. S. (2004) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/1528-3542.4.1.3 · Cited by 691
Transfer of value from fit.
Higgins, E. T., Idson, L. C., Freitas, A. L., Spiegel, S., & Molden, D. C. (2003) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.84.6.1140 · Cited by 681
Self-citation
Distinguishing Gains from Nonlosses and Losses from Nongains: A Regulatory Focus Perspective on Hedonic Intensity
Idson, L. C., Liberman, N., & Higgins, E. T. (2000) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1006/jesp.1999.1402 · Cited by 679
Self-citation
Life is Pleasant—and Memory Helps to Keep it that Way!
Walker, W. R., Skowronski, J. J., & Thompson, C. P. (2003) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/1089-2680.7.2.203 · Cited by 664
Value from Regulatory Construal Fit: The Persuasive Impact of Fit between Consumer Goals and Message Concreteness
Lee, A. Y., Keller, P. A., & Sternthal, B. (2009) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/605591 · Cited by 613
Liking Is for Doing: The Effects of Goal Pursuit on Automatic Evaluation.
Ferguson, M. J., & Bargh, J. A. (2004) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.87.5.557 · Cited by 605
A new measure of brand personality
Geuens, M., Weijters, B., & Wulf, K. D. (2009) · International Journal of Research in Marketing · doi:10.1016/j.ijresmar.2008.12.002 · Cited by 604
Approach, Avoidance, and the Self-Regulation of Affect and Action
Carver, C. S. (2006) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-006-9044-7 · Cited by 602
Integrating the Bright and Dark Sides of OCB: A Daily Investigation of the Benefits and Costs of Helping Others
Koopman, J., Lanaj, K., & Scott, B. A. (2015) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2014.0262 · Cited by 637
How Regulatory Fit Affects Value in Consumer Choices and Opinions
Avnet, T., & Higgins, E. T. (2006) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.1509/jmkr.43.1.1 · Cited by 607
Self-citation
Can we cut out the meat of the dish? Constructing consumer-oriented pathways towards meat substitution
Schösler, H., de Boer, J., & Boersema, J. J. (2011) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2011.09.009 · Cited by 632
Self-regulation of goal-setting: turning free fantasies about the future into binding goals
Oettingen, G., Pak, H.-J., & Schnetter, K. (2001) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.80.5.736 · Cited by 619
Temporal Construal Effects on Abstract and Concrete Thinking: Consequences for Insight and Creative Cognition.
Förster, J., Friedman, R., & Liberman, N. (2004) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.87.2.177 · Cited by 584
Speed/accuracy decisions in task performance: Built-in trade-off or separate strategic concerns?
Förster, J., Higgins, E. T., & Bianco, A. T. (2003) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/s0749-5978(02)00509-5 · Cited by 609
Self-citation
Employability during unemployment: Adaptability, career identity and human and social capital
McArdle, S., Waters, L. E., Briscoe, J. P., & Hall, D. T. (2007) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2007.06.003 · Cited by 648
Future time perspective: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Kooij, D. T. A. M., Kanfer, R., Betts, M., & Rudolph, C. W. (2018) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000306 · Cited by 662
How Self-Regulation Creates Distinct Values: The Case of Promotion and Prevention Decision Making
Higgins, E. T. (2002) · Journal of Consumer Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15327663jcp1203_01 · Cited by 618
Self-citation
Enjoying Goal-Directed Action: The Role of Regulatory Fit
Freitas, A. L., & Higgins, E. T. (2002) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/1467-9280.00401 · Cited by 574
Self-citation
A Dialectic Perspective on Innovation: Conflicting Demands, Multiple Pathways, and Ambidexterity
Bledow, R., Fresé, M., Anderson, N. R., Erez, M., & Farr, J. L. (2009) · Industrial and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1754-9434.2009.01154.x · Cited by 591
Work characteristics, challenge appraisal, creativity, and proactive behavior: A multi‐level study
Ohly, S., & Fritz, C. (2009) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.633 · Cited by 585
When does electronic word-of-mouth matter? A study of consumer product reviews
Zhang, J. Q., Crăciun, G., & Shin, D. (2010) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2009.12.011 · Cited by 577
Interdependence with the environment: Commitment, interconnectedness, and environmental behavior
Davis, J. L., Green, J. D., & Reed, A. (2008) · Journal of Environmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2008.11.001 · Cited by 545
The Development of Academic Self-Regulation
Pintrich, P. R., & Zusho, A. (2002) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012750053-9/50012-7 · Cited by 584
How Does Leader Humility Influence Team Performance? Exploring the Mechanisms of Contagion and Collective Promotion Focus
Owens, B. P., & Hekman, D. R. (2015) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2013.0660 · Cited by 569
Do CEOs Matter to Firm Strategic Actions and Firm Performance? A Meta‐Analytic Investigation Based on Upper Echelons Theory
Wang, G., Holmes, R. M., Oh, I., & Zhu, W. (2015) · Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1111/peps.12140 · Cited by 595
A Meta‐Analysis of Voice and Its Promotive and Prohibitive Forms: Identification of Key Associations, Distinctions, and Future Research Directions
Chamberlin, M., Newton, D. W., & Lepine, J. A. (2017) · Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1111/peps.12185 · Cited by 532
Future thought and behaviour change
Oettingen, G. (2012) · European Review of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/10463283.2011.643698 · Cited by 504
How Global Versus Local Perception Fits Regulatory Focus
Förster, J., & Higgins, E. T. (2005) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2005.01586.x · Cited by 501
Self-citation
Reasoned action in the service of goal pursuit.
Ajzen, I., & Kruglanski, A. W. (2019) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/rev0000155 · Cited by 493
Psychological ownership: A review and research agenda
Dawkins, S., Tian, A. W., Newman, A., & Martin, A. J. (2015) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.2057 · Cited by 509
Toward a Systems Theory of Motivated Behavior in Work Teams
Chen, G., & Kanfer, R. (2006) · Research in Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0191-3085(06)27006-0 · Cited by 493

Authors: Higgins, E. T.
Affiliations: Columbia University (US)
Corresponding author: Higgins, E. Tory
ORCID: Higgins, E. Tory
Venue: American Psychologist
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 1997-12
Volume: 52
Issue: 12
Pages: 1280-1300
ISSN: 0003-066X (ISSN-L)
1935-990X
DOI: 10.1037/0003-066x.52.12.1280
OpenAlex: W4234715662
Cited by: 6,775
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 307 · 2025: 381 · 2024: 367 · 2023: 415 · 2022: 355 · 2021: 356 · 2020: 356 · 2019: 338 · 2018: 376 · 2017: 350 · 2016: 330 · 2015: 354 · 2014: 354 · 2013: 292 · 2012: 287
FWCI: 43.33
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: American Psychologist (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (MH39429)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Philosophy and Theoretical Science
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychology and Mental Health
Keywords: pleasure, pain, affect, emotions
MeSH terms: Emotions, Humans, Models, Psychological, Motivation, Philosophy, Pleasure-Pain Principle

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Beyond pleasure and pain

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks